八年级上册英语第一至十单元知识点小结.doc

八年级上册英语第一至十单元知识点小结 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 1. go on vacation 度假vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。2. visit museums 参观博物馆 3. go to summer camp去参观夏令营4. something interesting有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后；something special; somewhere wonderful. 3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：Did you do anything interesting?你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）6.buy sth. for sb. 或buy sb. sth 如：buy some books for me. = buy me some books. 7.提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? 如： What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如： Why dont you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如： Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如： Shall we/ I go shopping? 8. ride bicycles 骑自行车 9. long time no see 好久不见 10 . most of the time 多数时间 11.enjoyable activities 令人愉快的活动 12. try paragliding 尝试滑翔伞运动13. 辨析：get to/reach/arrive 都是到达的意思get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大） 注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。14.nothing.but.意为除.之外；只有，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。15. feel like 意为：感受到；摸起来，后跟宾语从句或名词、动名词。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。It feels like a stone. 它摸起来像一块石头。feel like doing sth.意为想做某事。如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。16. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做;乐意做 enjoy oneself 过得愉快=have fun/have a good time. 17. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的18.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）; keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像.）; smell（闻起来）sound（听起来）taste（尝起来）-后面接形容词 2)bored (adj)，意为感到厌倦的、无聊的,其主语是某人；（人ed物ing）boring(adj)，意为令人厌倦的、无聊的其主语是某物。如：I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有： interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised surprised/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising 19. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事 如:Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。20. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. 1）because of + 名词/代词/名短 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因 because +从句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。21. enough 足够的（名前形后）如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够，不能去上学。 Unit2 How often do you exercise?2. How often do you usually go shopping? Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候/周两次1) go shopping 意为去购物。Go+ v- ing :表示进行某项活动。如：Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 2)频率副词：always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never (1).sometimes: 有时候；sometime：某时；some times：许多次/倍; some time: 一段时间(2). hardly(adv): 几乎不hard 硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的a hard writer 努力地；猛烈地study/rain hard 3）how often表示多久一次，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有： 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, neverhow often 次数时间段 如：once or twice a week very 时间段: every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的） 注意：表示一次或两次时，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一个月一次) 而表示三次或以上时，则用数词times结构。如：five times a year (一年五次) 4由how构成的疑问词组的用法多少（1） how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs how much+ 不可数名词。 如：how much coffee但how much=whats the price of.? 还有多少钱的意思How much are those pants? (2)how many times: 多少次. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice three times等(3) How old.? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five. how long?(4) 多久(时间) 常用for two days for three hours等回答。 多长（某物的长度）如：-How long is the river?- 10 kms. (5) how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in two hours，in three days等。如：How soon wil he come back？In an hour。be free 空闲的：Are you free tonight? 3. 自由的：a free country freedom(n) 免费的：work for free. 4. at least 至少 at most 最多 5. stay up 熬夜 6. junk food 垃圾食品full 满的；饱的 be full of: The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。7. 忙的 =busy He had a full life 8. She says its good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。9. （1）be good for：对好处。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health. （2）be good at：擅长于 如：He is good at playing football. (3) be good to sb./sth: 对好 如：The old woman is good to us. (4)be good to do sth.: 适合；宜于 如：The water is good to drink. (5) be good with: 与相处好 如：The teacher is good with his students.9go online = use the Internet ：上网 10. Teenager magazine 青少年杂志11. more than two hours=over two hours: 超过 12. go to the dentist: 去看牙医13. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康14. ask sb. to do : 叫做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities. ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如：ask teacher for help 15. help sb. with sth. 如：They help me with this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。 help sb.（to）do. 如：They help you (to) solve this problem. 他们帮助你解决这个问题。 (n) 惊讶: to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地16. surprise be surprised at sth.对感到意外 (v)使惊奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事 be surprised that + 从句 如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news. 17. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的学生18. swing dance 摇摆舞19. although(conj):尽管；虽然，表示转折关系，同义词有though, 不能与but同时使用。如：Although theyre neighbors, they dont play together.= Theyre neighbors, but they dont play together. 尽管他们是邻居，但是他们不在一起玩。20. maybe (adv): 也许，大概 (Maybe) he (maybe) knows it. May + v(原)：也许，大概He may know it. 如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home. 21.Old habits die hard. 恶习难改 die(v):死亡；消失 death(n): 死亡；dead(adj): 死的； dying(adj): 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish-遗言22.Here are the results. 以下是结果。23.Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 24.You can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. 度过（时间）如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱）如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.（V-ing) 同义句：He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine.（动词用不定式） Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister1. 事实上；实际上in fact 2. 唱歌比赛the singing competition 3. 头发更短的那个the one with shorter hair 4. 真正关心我truly care about me 5. 只要；既然as long as (像一样长) 6. 一就 as soon as ( 尽快)7. 分享一切share everything 8. 与不同/有差异be different from 9.与一致/相同 the same as 10. 与 相似的/类似的be similar to11.摔断胳膊break the arm 12. 小学primary school 13.打电话询问更多信息call for more information 14. 取得更好的成绩get better grades 15形容词和副词的比较级一、含义1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级: good better - best 2. 比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。3. 加more/most 的情况：部分双音节和多音节词4. 双写的词：一个大热天，一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服，汗湿了，很伤心。big hot fat thin red wet sad 二比较级基本句型1主语+谓语动词+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 比较对象如：Lucy is slower than Lily. 如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily. 2. 主语必须与对比成分保持一致：Her hair is longer than yours.(your hair)3as+adj./adv.(原级)+as : .如同一样 否定： not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as : 不如一样4比较级and比较级：越来越 e.g. They talked more and more loudly. 5. The比较级,the比较级：越 The more exercise you do, the stronger youll be 16.look like : 看起来像（外貌）17.be like: 像（性格，外貌）18. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me.我最好的朋友帮我激发出我最好的品质使显现；使表现出：bring out The dress brings out the color of her skin. 生产；出版：The factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好/最差的品质19. I know she cares about me because shesalways there to listen (to me). 我知道她关心我，因为她随时都能够听我倾诉。 (n) 小心；谨慎 Take care! 当心/保重 Cross the road with care. 1). care 介意；在乎（=mind） I dont care what happens. (v) care about: 关心；在意 如：He doesnt care about anything people say. care for 关心；照顾 = take care of或look after 喜欢；想要（否或疑） 如：Would you care for a cup of coffee? 2). for sb. 随叫随到；不离左右 如：Parents are always there for children. to do sth. 随时准备帮助 如：She is there to work out the problem. 20. I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. if: 是否； 如果 我真的不介意是否我的朋友与我一样还是不同。 21They both like sports. 他们俩都喜欢运动。（both：两个都；用在实动之前，其它动词之后） You are both too young. They both speak English. Both of .+名词复数 如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。 bothand两者都 反义词组：neithernor两者都不 注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:两者中任一个；every：每个（三者或三者以上） 21. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友（在你需要帮助的时候）向你伸出手，触动你的心弦。 23. She made me laugh and feel better. ( laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人) make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 make+宾语+形容词: 使某人/某事怎样 如： His words make us happy. 2). 24. Its not easy for me to make friends. (make friends with sb. 与.交朋友) Its+形容词+ for sb.+ to do