高中英语教学资料-vocabulary unit4m.ppt

words and expressions,1.submit vt./vi.(使)服从，屈服；递交； 认为 1)to submit oneself to discipline 遵守纪律 2)All important problems must be submitted to the meeting for discussion. 一切重要的问题必须提交会议讨论。 3) I submit that this judgement was wrong. 我认为这判决是错误的。 4) to refuse to submit to an unjust decision 拒绝服从不公正的决定 5)The heroic people will never submit to foreign rule. 英雄的人民绝不会屈服于外国的统治。,2.assist vt./vi./n.援助，帮助；搀扶 eg: 1) He did much to assist his classmates search for the lost pen. 2)assist sb.with sth. =assist sb.to do sth. =assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 3)assist sb.from the saddle 搀某人下马 4)assist sb.to ones feet 扶某人站起来 5)assist in a supermarket 在一家超市帮忙,帮助；援助,assistance n. 帮助；援助assistant n. 助手，助理,3.concentrate vt. 集中，全神贯注于（多和on/upon连用） vi. 聚集 concentrate (ones attention, mind, efforts, thoughts ) on (doing) sth.全神贯注, 精神集中,致力于 有这么多噪音我不能全神贯注于我的学习。 I cant concentrate on my study with all the noise going on. 他集中精力在他的科学研究上。,He concentrates his mind on his scientific research. 我们必须竭尽全力来改善教育。 We must concentrate our efforts on improving education. 这群人聚集在城市的中心。 The crowds concentrated in the center of the city. 军队在车站附近聚集。 The troops concentrated near the station. concentration n. 专心；聚集,4.acquire .vt. 获得，取得，得到,acquisition .n. 获得,习得,获得物,eg:1)She did all she could to acquire a good knowledge of English. 她尽最大努力学好英语。 2)She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study. 3)Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. 你只有在提出了许多不同的问题之后才有可能获得你所需要知道的信息。,-acquire与get ,gain acquire 多指经过一段时间的艰苦努力而获得，获得的内容多是抽象的东西，并且一经获得很难失去，如知识等。,get 是一般用语，口语用词，用途很广； gain 常指强有力的夺取，也可指渐渐获得某物的过程。,5. meanwhile adv.在此期间，同时 eg: 1)Theyll be here soon. Meanwhile well have some coffee. 2)Jane was writing a letter and meanwhile her mother was doing some cooking. 简在写信，与此同时他妈妈在做饭。 -meanwhile during while meanwhile 与at the same time意思相同，副词，在句子中作状语。 during “在. .期间”，是介词，后接名词，代词 while “在. .期间”，是连词，引导时间状语从句,6.inform .vt. 告知，通知 inform sb of/about(doing) sth 通知某人某事 eg:1)Did you inform them of the progress of the work? 你把工作进程告诉他们了吗？ 2)I beg to inform you that . 谨通知你 3)Well keep you informed. 我们将随时向你报告情况。 4) be well informed about sth. 精通某事，对某事消息灵通,7.depend on/upon 取决于,依靠(赖),确(坚)信，需要,eg:1)Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work. 你能否通过考试取决于你有多努力。 2)Children depend on their parents for living. 儿童依靠父母生活。 3)You should depend on yourself instead of others. 你应该依赖自己，而不是依赖别人。,4) Im depending on you finishing it ahead of time. 我肯定你会提前完成任务的。 -思维拓展 depend on sth./sb.=rely on sth./sb. 取决于某事/某人 depend on sb. doing 坚信/确信某人做. . It (all) depends.,8.accuse .vt.指责；谴责；控告,accuse sb.of sth.因指责或控告某人 the accused 被告 Eg:The police accused him of murder. Who accused you of such a thing. He was accused of robbing the bank.,accuse, charge, blame 词义辨析,accuse sb. of ( doing ) sth. - 指控 charge sb. with ( doing ) sth.-指控 blame sb. for ( doing ) sth. -责备,他被指控偷了一辆汽车。,He was accused of stealing a car. He was charged with stealing a car.,remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 suspect sb.of sth. 怀疑某人某事 inform sb of convince sb of cure sb of,思考：与accuse sb.of .类似的搭配还有哪些？,9.so as to do sth. (1)表示目的，“以便”其否定形式为so as not to .作目的状语时可以用in order to 代替 The test papers are kept secret so as to prevent cheating. Go in quietly so as not to wake up the baby. (2)表示结果, “结果是” He shot at the bird so as to shoot it.,10.demand vt./vi./n. (强烈)要求，需要，查问 eg:1) to demand an immediate answer of/from sb. 要求某人立即答复 2)This work demands care and patience. (calls for) 这工作需要细心和耐心。 3)The UN demanded that all troops be withdrawn. 联合国已要求撤出所有部队。 4)I demanded to see the manager.我坚决要见经理。 5)By popular demand,the play will run for another week. 由于许多人的要求/这出戏将加演一周。 6)Good workers are always in demand. 优秀的工人总是哪里都需要。,11.ahead of .adv/adj. 在前；向前；提前,(1) 指时间或空间的“在之前”： He is always ahead of the age. 他总是走在时代的前面。 (2)用于 ahead of time, 意为“提前” “提早”：,The work was done ahead of time. 工作提前完成了。,(3)表示“比强 (高)” (主要用作表语)： Hes ahead of me in English. 他的英语比我强。,12.approve .vt. 赞成;认可;批准;通过,approval .n. 赞成、同意、认可 approving adj. 赞许的、认可的 You can join the class if your mother approves. 你可以参加这个班, 如果你母亲同意的话。,2) You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve it. 你作出了一个好决定, 我衷心地表示赞同。 3) She received many approving glances. 她赢得了很多赞许的目光。 4) I dont approve of smoking in bed.我不赞成躺在床上吸烟。,公司总裁批准了建筑计划。 误：The company president approved of the building plans. 正：The company president approved the building plans. 析：approve 在现代英语中有两个主要用法： 一是表示“赞成”、 “认可”、“满意”、“同意”等, 此时通常是不及物动词(有时用作及物动词，但已很少见)，若需后接宾语，通常要借助介词 of； 二是表示“批准”、“通过”，此时只用作及物动词，其后跟宾语时无需任何介词。不及物用例：I approve of your choice.(我赞成你的选择)。,我不赞成你同他一起出去。 误：I do not approve you to go out with him. 正：I do not approve of your going out with him. 析：approve 通常不跟不定式的复合结构作宾语。,13. process .vt.加工，处理，审阅； .n.过程，程序，步骤,eg:1)Please process the film. 请把胶卷冲洗一下。 2)It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed. 审阅你的申请书也许要花几个星期的时间。 3)Building a car is a long process. 制造一辆小汽车是一个很长的工序。 4)Changes are in process. 变化正在发生。,11.case n. 事(实)例,情形；情(状)况;案件，诉讼 eg:1.This is a common case where the word can be used. 这是这个单词运用的常用例子。 2)It may rain , in which case the hike will be canceled. 或许会下雨，如果是那样的话，徒步旅行将会被取消。 3)The case he was looking into two years ago was settled at last.两年前他调查的案件终于结案了。 in case 假使；免得，以防万一(引导状语从句，从句谓语用一般现在时，不用将来时态),in case of . 假使. ./ 万一. . in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in no case 决不(放句首时，句子倒装) in the case of . 就. .来说，至于 in this/that case 既然这/那样，假使这/那样 eg:1)I will stay at home all day long in case he cal