2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习Thepowerofnature讲义新人教版.docx

Unit 5 The power of nature一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1volcano n火山2hurricane n. 飓风；风暴3questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表4observatory n. 观象台；天文台；气象台5database n. 数据库；资料库 第二屏听写6fountain vi.&vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；源泉7helmet n. 头盔8candidate n. 候选人；候补者9bungalow n. 平房；小屋10typhoon n. 台风11thunderstorm n. 雷暴 第三屏听写12geology n 地质学13rainbow n. 彩虹14balcony n. 阳台15shot n. 射击；枪炮声16tsunami n. 海啸；地震海啸17sample n. 样品；样本18persuasion n. 信服；说服 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1diagram n图解；图表；示意图2erupt vi. (指火山)爆发；突然发生3eruption n. 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发4ash n. 灰；灰末5alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边prep. 在旁边；沿着的边 第五屏听写6equipment n设备；装备7appoint vt. 任命；委派8evaluate vt. 评估；评价；估计9wave n. 波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手10absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的 第六屏听写11absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地12spaceman n. 宇航员；航天专家13suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜14potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的15actual adj. 实在的；实际的16document n. 文件；证件 第七屏听写17threat n恐吓；威胁18precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的19novelist n. 小说家20fog n. 雾21uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不舒适的22unconscious adj. 失去知觉的；未察觉的23shoot vt. 射中；射伤24tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖 第八屏听写25sweat n汗vi. 出汗26anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的27anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望28panic vi.&vt. 惊慌n. 惊慌；恐慌29diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的30diversity n. 多种多样；多样性 第九屏听写31bathe vi.洗澡；游泳32arouse vt. 激发；唤醒33appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢34guarantee vt. 保证；担保35burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁36make_ones_way 前往37glance_through 匆匆看一遍38vary_from_._to_. 由到不等二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.volcano n火山2hurricane n. 飓风；风暴3questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表4database n. 数据库；资料库5.fountain vi. & vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；温泉6helmet n. 头盔7candidate n. 候选人；候补者8.typhoon n台风9rainbow n. 彩虹10balcony n. 阳台11shot n. 射击；枪炮声12persuasion n. 信服；说服表达单词1.ash n灰；灰烬2wave n. 波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手3alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边 prep. 在旁边；沿着的边4document n. 文件；证件5tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖6sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗7panic vi. & vt. 惊慌 n. 惊慌；恐慌8shoot v. 射中；射伤9potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的10precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的11guarantee vt. 保证；担保12arouse vt. 激发；唤醒13threat n. 恐吓；威胁14diagram n. 图解；图表；示意图15spaceman n. 宇航员；航天专家语境活用1No one can guarantee (保证) the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.2Waving (挥手) goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safe journey.3In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage, protect the present water resources and explore potential (潜在的) ones scientifically.4I would appreciate it very much if you could give us some precious_(宝贵的) advice on how to improve our online English school.5Studies indicate an increasing threat(威胁) from extreme weather, such as tornado, typhoons, drought, flooding, sandstorm, hailstorm, and so on.6The dog drove the coon (浣熊) up a tree so the hunter could shoot (射击) him.7The whole house trembled (摇晃) when the train went by.拓展单词1.equipment n设备；装备equip v配备；装备2appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n任命3evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估4absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地；极其5suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的6erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发7actual adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地8novelist n小说家novel n小说 adj.新奇的9unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的conscious adj.有知觉的；有意识的consciously adv.有意识地10anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的anxiously adv.不安地anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望11appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏；感激12fog n雾；烟雾 foggy adj.有雾的；模糊的13uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的comfortable adj.合适的；舒适的comfort vt.使安慰14diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的diversity n多种多样；多样性15bathe vi.洗澡；游泳bath n洗澡；沐浴语境活用1He was appointed as manager of the company.But to everyones surprise, he didnt accept the appointment.(appoint)2I want a suit of workmanship and suitable for formal meetings.(suit)3ChineseAmerican novelist Gish Jen covers a great many topics in her novels,_such as culture, race, and immigrants etc.(novel)4He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)5People with an appreciation of art and literature can appreciate works of art.(appreciate)6The new labs are equipped with advanced equipment.(equip)7Do you want to evaluate your intelligence？Just complete the evaluation from below, please.(evaluate)8Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident, but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously.(conscious)9People from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions make it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.be_about_to即将2be_home_to 是的栖息地3take_notice_of 留意；注意4vary_from_.to. 由到不等5in_the_distance 在远处6make_ones_way 前往7burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁8glance_through 匆匆看一遍9have_a_gift_for 有的天赋 10compared_with 与相比1.I was_about_to arrive at the cinema when I found a foreigner standing on the side of the road, looking nervous.2Compared_with traditional cards, there are many advantages of electronic cards.3I was so upset that I hardly took_notice_of the kids around me.4One afternoon the other day, while making_my_way home after school, I happened to witness a serious car accident.5Not only is he interested in science, but he also has_a_gift_for music.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。“having done”是现在分词的完成式作状语。遭受了如此重的污染，这条河成了“死河”。Having_suffered_such_heavy_pollution already, the river becomes “dead river”2.but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.但是我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。独立主格结构作原因状语。由于汤姆一再迟到，他的老板非常失望。Tom_having_been_late_over and over again, his boss was very disappointed.3.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。It is said that .“据说”据报道，未来几年，月球上将修建一座空间站。It_is_reported_that_a_space_station_will_be_built on the moon in years to come.一、过重点单词1appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派教材原句I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.作为一名火山学家，二十年前我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。(1)appoint sb. as/to be .任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointed adj. 约定的(3)appointment n. 任命；约定make an appointment with sb. 与某人做约定keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约多角练透单句语法填空I was appointed to_take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day.I regret to tell you that I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed (appoint) time.If possible, could we make another appointment (appoint) to go to the bookstore?补全句子 I have made_an_appointment_with my dentist to have my tooth pulled out this afternoon. 今天下午我和牙医约好给我拔牙了。句型转换He was appointed as president of the university yesterday. He is giving a speech on the platform now.Appointed_as_president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform now.(过去分词作状语)2suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜教材原句We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，带上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了双大靴子。(1)a suit of一套suit .to . 使适合(2) suited adj. 适合的(作表语)be suited for/to sth. (某人)适合某物(3)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for sb. (某物)适合某人be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事多角练透单句语法填空If not, let me know what time suits (suit) you best.(2016全国卷书面表达)The place is quite suitable (suit) for a family gettogether.A good teacher suits his lessons_to the age of his pupils.单句改错Itll suit for him very well if we set off at 8：00 in the morning.去掉for一句多译他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。He_wasnt_suited_for_the_job_and_left_after_two_weeks.(suited)The_job_wasnt_suitable_for_him_and_he_left_after_two_weeks.(suitable)The_job_didnt_suit_him_and_he_left_after_two_weeks.(suit)名师指津suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等； 而fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。3anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的高考佳句Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.Lack of selfconfidence is his Achilles heel, I am afraid.(2016江苏高考单选)杰克还是不由自主地担心自己的工作面试。恐怕缺乏自信是他的致命弱点。(1)be anxious for/about为担心/担忧be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望with anxietyanxiously 焦虑地多角练透单句语法填空I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im anxious to_get_(get) help from you.Mother felt anxious about/for the children who had been gone one hour too long.单句改错I heard you suffered from anxious when you took an exam recently.anxiousanxietyInstead of blaming me, he asked me anxious what was going on.anxiousanxiously4panic n惊慌；恐慌 vi.& vt.(使)惊慌/恐慌教材原句I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。(1)in panic惊慌失措地get into a panic 陷入恐慌(2)panic o doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事题点全练单句语法填空Not only do online rumors cause people in panic, but they disturb public order.Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.Hearing the gun, the deer was_panicked (panic) into running straight for the headlights.名师指津注意panic的过去式和过去分词的写法是“panicked”。5guarantee vt.保证；担保 n保证；担保；保修单教材原句If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, dont forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了许下一个愿望，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事guarantee sb. sth.guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内(3)be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会/必定会做某事多角练透单句语法填空If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.The digital camera in our shop is of high quality. If there should be something wrong with it while it is still under guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.单句改错If you send the application form in a straight way, I can guarantee you of an interview.去掉of.单句语法填空1We will not be_panicked (panic) into making a decision before we have considered all the evidence.2With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable for their children to see.3They equipped (equip)themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.4After listening to his advice he had no more anxieties (anxious)5To show our appreciation (appreciate) for all your hard work, wed like to give you a bonus.6She was the first woman to_be_appointed (appoint) to the board, for which she felt very excited and happy.7If you have the interest to visit there, dont forget to take a camera and you are guaranteed to_enjoy (enjoy) the sights in their natural state.8That is the reason why many people often feel uncomfortable(comfort) in the back when sitting before computers for a long time.单句改错1If the people in the building hadnt been in a panic and left in order when the fire occurred, many of them would not have been killed.去掉panic前的a2Parents are usually anxious to the children when they dont come back home from school.tofor/about3A meeting was called for the purpose of appoint a new secretary.appointappointing4To students, youd better choose the activities which interest you and suit for you.去掉for5This is the building where the new sports equipment are stored.areis6You are absolute right.It is our responsibility to stop all illegal activities of damaging forests.absoluteabsolutely7The headmaster who had attended the grand ceremony waved the students and teachers with a smile.waved后加to8Its believed that quantities of building materials are potential harmful to peoples body.potentialpotentially.根据提示词补全(或翻译)句子1我们班的每个人都有机会被任命为任期一周的班长。(appoint)Everyone in my class has the chance to_be_appointed_monitor for one week.2假如你认为我适合此工作，请通知我。(suit)If you feel that I_am_suited_for_the_job,_please inform me.3他很担心考试的结果。(anxious)He_is_very_anxious_about_the_results_of_the_exam.4看，从对面的街上来了两个孩子，害怕地尖叫了起来。(panic)Look! From opposite the street come two kids, screaming_in_panic.5此外，著名的中国饮食能保证你有绝妙的机会品尝美味的中餐。(guarantee)In addition, the outstanding Chinese cooking can_guarantee_you_a_wonderful_chance_of tasting delicious Chinese food.二、过短语、句式1make ones way前往教材原句It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中心地区。归纳拓展fight ones way奋力前进lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones way 挤出来wind ones way 蜿蜒前进应用领悟He lost his way in the big city.在这个大城市里，他迷路了。By and by, cars and computers have made their way into millions of homes.渐渐地，汽车和电脑已经进入了寻常百姓家。The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon.长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。2glance through 匆匆看一遍经典例句He just glanced through the headlines because he was too busy to read the whole newspaper.他只是匆匆浏览了标题，因为他太忙了不能够读完整份报纸。归纳拓展go through通过；经受；仔细检查get through 通过；做完；接通电话；熬过look through 快速查看；浏览see through 看穿；识破应用领悟I have looked through all my papers but I still cant find my notes.我翻遍了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to get through.(2014湖北高考多选)我整晚都在给查尔斯打电话，但一定是网络出了问题，我似乎接不通。The police went through the three suitcases but didnt find anything valuable.警察仔细检查了三个行李箱，却没有发现任何有价值的东西。3vary from .to .由到不等教材原句The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。(1)vary in . 在(大小、形状等)上不同vary with 随变化；改变(2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)variety n. 种种；多样化a variety of/varieties of 种种；各种各样的多角练透单句语法填空I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying (vary) from Chinese stories to English stories.As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area.单句改错These bags are made of variety of materials that can be easily treated when they become rubbish.variety前加a或varietyvarieties一句多译每个人都表达了看法，他们的观点各不相同。Everyone expressed their ideas, and the_opinions_varied_from_person_to_person.Everyone expressed their ideas, and their_opinions_were_various.Everyone expressed their ideas, and their_opinions_varied.4“逻辑主语现在分词短语”式的独立主格结构The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。独立主格结构的常用形式：The task completed (complete), we had a global traveling.完成任务后，我们进行了一次环球旅行。The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.有这么能干的人来帮你，你迟早会成功的。I heard that he got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry.听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。名师指津独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它常在句中作状语，与with复合结构的作用相同。5“It is said that .”句式It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。句式“It is said that .”“Sb.is said to do sth.”，意为“据说”。其中，不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。It is thought that .据认为It is believed that . 人们相信It is reported that . 据报道It is claimed that . 据称It is hoped that . 人们希望It is wellknown that . 众所周知It is generally considered that . 大家普遍认为It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month.The new mayor is said to_come (come) into power next month.据说新市长下个月将上任。It is said that he has written a new book about workers.He is said to_have_written (write) a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。It is said that the early European playingcards were designed for entertainment and education.The early European playingcards are said to have_been_designed (design) for entertainment and education.据说早期欧洲的纸牌是为娱乐和教育设计的。It_is_reported_that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房。.根据语境选用合适的短语填空glance through， make ones way to， in the distance， be about to， compare with， be home to， vary from .to .， burn to the ground1In the tent, there were many children from the earthquakestricken area, their ages varying_from 10 to 17.2After admiring the beautiful view, she made_her_way_to the next destination.3Compared_with other European countries, lifestyle in Italy is slower and more relaxing in its own way.4Changbaishan is Chinas largest nature reserve and_is_home_to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.5If the bottle of gas catches fire, the whole building may be burned_to_the_ground.6The manager was rushing to the airport so he glanced_through the report the secretary had typed.7He watched the train away until it was only a dot in_the_distance.8I was_about_to give up the maths puzzle when an idea flashed upon my mind.句型转换1I was going to give up and at that time my father came and encouraged me to keep going.I was_about_to_give_up_when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.2Carbon dioxide is said to be heating the earth twice as quick