2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Livingwell达标巩固练含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Living well李仕才*阅读理解。Diamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world.The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth.Diamonds are made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure.When a volcano is active，it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However，at the same time of such a disaster，diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago.Thus，it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption.Besides，diamonds are also found among the sandy sandstone of certain river beds，and in a few places on the sea floor，for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare.There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world.During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil，because they had heard that there were diamonds in the Amazon River.Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests.But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago.The_most_recent_and_exciting_discoveries_have_been_made_in_eastern_Russia.But most of the worlds diamonds now come from the Congo，from Tanzania，and also from South Africawhich has the largest diamond mines in the world.1What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?ADiamonds are always accompanied by volcanic eruptions.BDiamonds are created by volcanic eruptions.CDiamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.DDiamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.2Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?AThe Congo. BSouth Africa.CIndia. DWestern Europe.3What can we know from the third paragraph?ADiamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.BBrazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.CThe Amazon River has no large diamond mines nowadays.DMany miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.4What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?AEastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.BThe diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasnt discovered until recently.CEastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining.DThe eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了钻石的来源和产地。【段意梳理】第一至二段：钻石的产生与火山爆发有关。第三至四段：钻石的产地。1C考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第二句“The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth”可知，钻石被认为是财富的象征。2D考查细节理解。根据第三、四两段对钻石产地的介绍可知，西欧并不在有名的钻石产地之列。3A考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests”可知，开采钻石对采矿者来说有可能是危险的，故A项正确。第三段并未提及巴西在开采钻石方面扮演着更重要的角色，因此B项错误；C项在文中也并未提及；根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests”可知D项错误。4B考查句意理解。画线句前一句提到已知的最早的钻石在印度被发现，后一句提到现在大部分钻石来源于刚果民主共和国、坦桑尼亚和南非。由此可推知，画线句讲的应是最近在俄罗斯东部发现了钻石，故B项“直到最近人们才在俄罗斯东部发现钻石矿床”正确。*语法填空。A man named Bob May, depressed and brokenhearted, stared out his apartment window into the cold December night.His 4yearold daughter Barbara sat on his lap _1_ (quiet) sobbing. Bobs wife, Evelyn, was dying of cancer. Little Barbara couldnt understand _2_ her mommy could never come home. Barbara looked up into her dads eyes and asked, “Cant Mommy be just like everybody elses mommy？” Bobs jaw tightened _3_ his eyes were filled with tears. Her question brought waves not only of grief, but also of anger. Life always had to be different for Bob.As a kid, Bob was often bullied by other boys. He was too little at the time _4_ (compete) in sports. He was often called names he _5_ rather not remember. From childhood, Bob was different and never seemed to fit in. Bob did complete college, married his loving wife and was grateful to get his job as _6_ copywriter at Montgomery Ward during the Great Depression.Then he was blessed with his little girl. But it was all shortlived. Evelyns cancer robbed them _7_ all their savings and Bob and his daughter _8_ (force) to live in a tworoom apartment in the Chicago slums. Evelyn died just days before Christmas in 1938.Bob struggled to give hope to his child, for _9_ he couldnt even afford to buy a Christmas gift. But if he couldnt buy a gift, he was determined _10_ (make) onea storybook!1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名男子从孩童到成为一名父亲的岁月里，在生活中遭遇的不幸。1quietly 考查词性转换。他四岁的女儿Barbara坐在他的腿上静静地啜泣着。修饰动词应用副词。2why 考查名词性从句的连接词。空处引导宾语从句，且表示“为什么”，故填why。3and 考查连词。根据上下文可知，此处表示并列关系，故用and。4to compete 考查非谓语动词。他那时太小不能参加体育比赛。too . to . 为固定结构，意为“太而不能”，故此处应用不定式。5would 考查固定结构。此处是would rather do sth.结构。6a 考查冠词。此处指他得到了一个广告文字撰写人的工作，表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。7of 考查介词。Evelyn的癌症花光了他们所有的积蓄。rob sb. of sth.是固定用法，意为“剥夺某人某物”。8were forced 考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的内容可知，此处是指他和女儿被迫住在芝加哥贫民窟的一个两居室的公寓中。文章叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，他和女儿是“被迫”住在贫民窟的，故用一般过去时的被动语态。9whom 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代his child，并在定语从句中作介词for的宾语，故用whom。10to make 考查非谓语动词。be determined to do sth.是固定用法，意为“下定决心做某事”。*完形填空。My mother was a responsible teacher and she retired.So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.She had a little bit of computer _1_，so I just set it up for her and let her _2_ with it on her own.As time went on，I _3_ the computer was hardly touched.She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her.I sat and _5_ everything and she seemed OK with what I said.Unfortunately，my sister called me at that moment _6_ we talked on the phone for an hour.Then when I saw her again，she was sitting in front of the computer，looking quite _7_.The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared and she didnt know how to _8_ it off.She had tried _9_ every key and it didnt work.I told her，“Just _10_ the mouse a little.” What I meant was that she just needed to move the mouse around to _11_ the computer up.What she did was to _12_ the mouse and start shaking it around in midair until the _13_ went completely black.I couldnt help laughing because of her funny _14_.The more I laughed the _15_ she got.She thought that I was a(n)_16_ teacher and she decided to figure the thing out herself.Well，at least I helped her overcome her _17_ of breaking something and encouraged her to _18_ a little.About a week later，I found a homemade _19_ card with a mouse on the front making a funny face _20_ to my door.It said，“Thanks for the computer lessons.Love，Mom.”1A.theoryBknowledgeCtechnology Dhistory2A.watch BtrainCplay Dsee3A.found BheardCthought Dignored4A.why BwhenChow Dwhere5A.learned BdescribedCexplained Ddiscussed6A.and BbutCbecause Dsince7A.amusing BrelaxedCinteresting Ddiscouraged8A.get BbreakCcut Dturn9A.hitting BfeelingCchanging Dremoving10A.hang BshakeCrub Dpush11A.clean BwakeCbring Dtake12A.put up Bcut offCpick up Dput away13A.screen BcurtainCcover Dwindow14A.adjustment BimitationCexpression Daction15A.ruder BhappierCangrier Dbetter16A.impatient BhumorousCcareful Dhelpful17A.sadness BpressureCfear Ddepression18A.reply BobserveCanswer Dexperiment19A.inviting BgreetingCshopping Dbirthday20A.appeared BstuckCcombined Dprinted【解题导语】该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事。1B根据下文中的“She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her”可推知，作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少，此处指电脑知识(knowledge)。2C根据上文中的“So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time”可知，作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩。play with.“玩”。3A随着时间的推移，作者发现(found)电脑几乎没被碰过。4C根据下文中的“I decided to teach her”可推知，母亲并不知道怎么(how)使用电脑，于是作者决定教她。5C根据空处前一句“I decided to teach her”和空后的“and she seemed OK with what I said”可推知，作者给母亲讲解(explained)了相关的电脑知识。6A根据语境可知，空处应填连词and，表示“然后，接着”。7D结合语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，感到很泄气(discouraged)。8D根据空前的“The screen saver(屏幕保护程序)had appeared”及常识可推知，电脑出现屏幕保护程序，母亲不知道怎么把它关掉。turn off“关掉”。9A根据空后的“and it didnt work”可推知，母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序，于是就按(hitting)了每一个键。10B根据语境可推知，作者教母亲稍微晃动(shake)鼠标即可。下文中的“start shaking it”也是提示。11B根据语境可推知，作者是让母亲移动鼠标，唤醒电脑。wake up“唤醒”，符合语境。12C根据空后的“start shaking it around in midair”可推知，母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来(pick up)，在空中摇晃。13A根据语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，拿着鼠标乱晃，结果电脑屏幕(screen)全黑了。14D根据语境可知，作者被母亲搞笑的行为(action)给逗乐了。15C根据语境可知，作者越笑，母亲越生气(angrier)。16A根据空后的“she decided to figure the thing out herself”可推知，身为老师的母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法，认为作者没有耐心(impatient)。17C根据语境可推知，作者帮助母亲走出了害怕(fear)损坏东西的阴影，鼓励母亲再尝试一下。18D参见上题解析。experiment“尝试”，符合语境。19B根据语境可知，母亲自己制作了一张贺卡(greeting card) ，对作者表示感谢。20B根据语境可知，此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上。stick to.意为“粘/贴在”。*短文改错。Im a junior high school student. In my spare time, I like shopping. There has a supermarket in my town. Lots of things are being sold there. So I often went there with my mother buy school things, food and drinks.Of course, sometimes I want to buy something expensive. That I want most is an MP4 player, but I mustnt afford one now. Im going to work for the English club during this summer holiday or make some money for it. We teenagers should not always ask our parents for money.As for shopping online, I like it, because things there ar