部分否定与全部否定.ppt

部分否定与全部否定,Partial Negation,有全体意义的代词或副词both, all, every (及其派生词), each, always, completely等,它们用于否定结构,只表示部分否定。译作“一切不都是”或“并非一切都是”。,1. all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示“并非都“、“不是所有的都“,1)All hope was not lost.,并非所有的希望都破灭了。,2)不是所有的鸟都会飞。,Not all birds can fly.,=All birds can not fly.,=Some birds cant fly.,All that flatters you are not faithful friends. 奉承你的人并非都是忠实的朋友。 It would prove that all is not lost, that the sun is going to rise, and that men can still have hope. 可以证明，并非一切都完了，太阳依然会升起来，人们任然有希望。 All are not saints that go to church. 上教堂的未必都是圣人。,Partial Negation,=Not both of the two math problems are very difficult.,2. both 的否定式：not both (或：both not) “并非两个都“,并非两道数学题都难。,Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.,3. every的否定式：“不是每都“,Not every book is educative. =Every book is not educative.,不是每本书都有教育意义的。,Everything is not good, but equally everything is not bad.,并非一切都好，也并非一切都不好,Partial Negation,不可以完全信任商人。,4. always的否定式：“并非总是（并非一直）“,He is not always so sad.,他并不是一直都这样悲伤。,5. entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：“不完全“，“并非完全“,The businessman is never to be entirely trusted.,I dont agree completely.,我并不完全同意。,Partial Negation,他做的不十分妥当。,What he did was not quite proper.,A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.,A foolish man doesnt make a mistake all the time.,6. all the time 的否定式：“并非一直“、“未必老是“,笨人未必老是犯错误。,7. not for nothing, seldomn，hardly,little 等词也可以表示部分否定 的否定式：“并非一直“、“未必老是“,It was not for nothing that she spent two years studying skies.,她花了两年时间研究天体并非毫无收获。,II. full Negation,如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的表全部否定的词：,all none 一个人也没有、没有任何东西 both neither 两个都不 every no everyone no one/ nobody everything nothing always never,我一生中，印象最深刻的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。,None of us was allowed to go there.,我们全都不让去那里。,Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.,将下列句子变成全部否定,All of them can do it.-,Neither is good.,None of them can do it.,Both are good.-,Nobody knows it.,He is never late.,We never trust them at all.,Everybody knows it. -,He is always late. -,We dont trust them entirely. -,知识呈现：,那时几乎没有女孩子去上学。,III.其他的否定形式,1.借助否定词hardly，scarcely，seldom，little，few等来表达否定之意,You can hardly believe what he says.,他说的你不能信。,Very few girls went to school then.,我们中没有人是无望的，我们都可以从我们身上找到力量原。,2. 借助否定前缀a-，ab-，an-，de-，dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，un-，under-等构成的词表达否定之意；也可以用后缀 -less，-free，-proof等构成的词表达否定之意。,His irregular heartbeats began again last year.,昨夜他不规则的心跳又开始了。,None of us are hopeless and we all have the power within ourselves to recover.,3.借助一些固定搭配,1)be far from + adj. 一点也不,the debate is far from over.,这场争论远未结束。,2)anything but 绝不，根本不,On weekends, he was too tired to do anything but lie around or go to the gym.,在周末，他太累了，任何事情都不能做，而只是躺着或去健身房。,5)not a bit / not in the least - not at all,3)not a few-a lot of 不少(许多),Not a few people are learning English themselves.,不少人现在正自学英语。,4) not a little - very,She was not a little worried about the expense.,她对那笔开支相当苦恼。,We are not a bit afraid of bleeding and sweating.,我们决不怕流血流汗。,I know none of them. 2) I like neither of the books. 3)No student goes to the farm on Sundays. 4) No one/ Nobody in our class likes football.,我们班没有人喜欢足球。,星期天没有学生去农场。,这两本书我都不喜欢。,他们我都不认识。,1.Not all men can swim. 2.Not all Chinese people like beef. 3.I dont kown all of them.,=I only know some of them,not all.,=All Chinese people dont like beef.,=All men can not swim.,解释下列句子,1)All of them can do it. 2)Both are good. 3)Everybody likes it. 4)He is always late. 5)We dont trus