2019届高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练21Unit1Greatscientists新人教版必修520180508114.doc

题组层级快练21 Unit 1 Great scientists . 阅读理解(2017浙江高三模拟)Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catchor wake up early in order not to missvaries by culture. From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began to wake up about a halfhour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 36. Russias other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Years Eve, Russians have the worlds latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3：30 am.Russians also get up an hour later on International Womens Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps fall on threeday weekends. Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球) final. The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation(剥夺). The worst night for sleep in the UK. was the night of the EnglandItaly match on June 15. Brits stayed up a halfhour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summer time. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns, in some of these nations, its likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if thats the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 1. What does the author say about peoples sleeping habits? A. They are culturerelated.B. They affect peoples health.C. They change with the seasons.D. They vary from person to person.2. What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep? A. They dont sleep much on weekends.B. They get less sleep on public holidays.C. They dont fall asleep until it is very late.D. They sleep longer than people elsewhere.3. What is the most probable reason for some rich people to use a device to record their patterns? A. They are involved in a sleep research.B. They have trouble falling asleep.C. They want to get sufficient sleep.D. They want to go to bed on regular hours.4. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Sleeplessness does harm to peoples health.B. Few people really know the importance of sleep.C. It is important to study your sleep patterns.D. Average people probably sleep less than the rich.答案与解析【文章大意】 本文属于说明文，主要介绍了人们的睡眠习惯是与文化有关的，作者还进行了举例说明。1. 答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catchor wake up early in order not to missvaries by culture.”可知人们的睡眠习惯是与文化有关的。2. 答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Russias other late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays.”可知，答案为B项。3. 答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person.”可知，答案为C项。4. 答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels through out the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? ”可知，选B项。. 完形填空(2017四川广元二模)My 14yearold son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time at a secondhand clothing store. It had a black collar, delightful tailoring, a Fifth Avenue label(标签) and a (an) _1_ price of $28.We looked at _2_， saying nothing, _3_ Johns eyes shone. Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with _4_， but could _5_ several hundred dollars now.John _6_ the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied _7_ that soon changed into a smile. The _8_ was perfect. John wore the coat to school the next day and came home _9_ a big smile. “How did the kids like your coat? ”I asked. “They love it.”He said, _10_ folding it over the chair and smoothing it flat.Over the next few weeks, the _11_ came over John. Quiet, reasoned discussion was _12_ argument. He became more thoughtful and eager to _13_. “Good dinner, Mum, ”he would say every evening. One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John said, “You are _14_， and I guess I will.”When I asked one of his teachers _15_ caused the changes, she said with laughter, “It must be his coat！” At the library, we _16_ to meet a friend who had not seen our children for a long time. “_17_ this be John? ”he asked, looking up to Johns new height, assessing the cut of his coat, and extending his hand, one _18_ to another.John and I both knew we should never _19_ a persons clothes for the real person within them. As is known, what is on the inside should be _20_ with what is on the outside.1. A. unbelievableB. specialC. reasonable D. average2. A. the other B. othersC. one another D. each other3. A. therefore B. howeverC. thus D. but4. A. teenagers B. peopleC. parents D. adults5. A. spend B. costC. pay D. take6. A. touched B. heldC. buttoned D. obtained7. A. gesture B. expressionC. attitude D. feeling8. A. color B. fitC. price D. style9. A. having B. showingC. behaving D. wearing10. A. carefully B. carelesslyC. patiently D. hurriedly11. A. change B. satisfactionC. happiness D. generosity12. A. because of B. aware ofC. instead of D. full of13. A. regret B. pleaseC. complain D. apologize14. A. troublesome B. trueC. right D. wrong15. A. what B. howC. when D. that16. A. decided B. cameC. intended D. happened17. A. Could B. WouldC. Must D. Should18. A. friend B. teacherC. gentleman D. fellow19. A. watch B. mistakeC. consider D. judge20. A. compared B. connectedC. combined D. matched答案与解析【文章大意】文章作者通过讲述儿子自从穿了一件新的衣服后，整个人发生了变化，变得礼貌了，更快乐、愿意听从建议了，也愿意说些话让作者高兴了。从而得出结论：我们穿的衣服也会影响我们的内在。1. 答案A解析根据下文的“but could cost several hundred dollars now”(这样的衣服需要好几百美元)可知，这件衣服28美元的价格令人难以置信。故选A项。unbelievable“难以置信的”。2. 答案D解析根据“My 14yearold son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time at a secondhand clothing store”可知，只有作者和儿子两个人。each other表示两者之间相互，one another用于三者或三者以上的两两之间相互。故选D项。3. 答案D解析根据“We looked at each other, saying nothing, but Johns eyes shone”作者和儿子对如此便宜的衣服并没发表什么看法，但约翰的眼睛闪耀着快乐的光芒。4答案A解析根据“but Johns eyes shone. Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with teenagers”儿子看到这件衣服时眼睛透露着喜欢，可知孩子们很喜欢这类衣服。5. 答案B解析根据“Dark, woolen top coats were popular just then with teenagers, but could cost several hundred dollars now.”可知，本句的主语为衣服，表示物品的花费应该用cost。6. 答案C解析根据“John buttoned the coat. He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious .”可知，他试穿了这件衣服，所以此处应该是紧扣大衣纽扣。7. 答案B解析根据“eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied expression that soon changed into a smile”可知，他在镜子里打量自己时由严肃的表情到笑了起来，可以看出他的表情发生了变化。8. 答案B解析根据“The fit was perfect”联系上下文可知，约翰对这件衣服很满意，且买了这件衣服，所以衣服很合身。9. 答案D解析根据“John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile”可知约翰穿着那件衣服去了学校，回家的时候很高兴，“wear a big smile”面露微笑。10. 答案A解析根据“carefully folding it over the chair and smoothing it flat”可知，因为约翰很喜欢这件衣服，所以他小心地把它折好，平放在椅子上。11. 答案A解析根据“Over the next few weeks, the change came over John. Quiet, reasoned discussion was instead of argument”可知，过了几周，约翰和人交谈时都是平静的，有理有据的，而不再是激烈的争论，这是约翰的变化。12. 答案C解析根据“Quiet, reasoned discussion was instead of argument”可知，约翰用他有理有据的说话方式来代替以前的爱和人争吵的说话方式。because of“因为”；(be) aware of“意识到”；instead of“代替”；full of“充满”。13. 答案B解析根据“He became more thoughtful and eager to please. Good dinner, Mum， he would say every evening.”可知约翰现在每天晚上都会夸妈妈做的晚饭，他变得更有想法，更能令人高兴了。14. 答案C解析根据“One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner, John said, You are right, and I guess I will.”可知有一天作者建议儿子约翰在晚饭之前将作业做了，约翰认同作者的建议，说会去做的。15. 答案A解析根据“When I asked one of his teachers what caused the changes”可知当作者问老师是什么导致约翰变化这么大的时。16. 答案D解析根据“we happened to meet a friend who had not seen our children for a long time”可知我们碰巧遇到了一个好久没见过约翰的朋友。“happen to”碰巧。17答案A解析根据“Could this be John？ he asked”可知，朋友问这个是约翰吗？此题考查习惯用语。18. 答案C解析根据“looking up to Johns new height, assessing the cut of his coat, and extending his hand, one gentleman to another”可知，朋友看着约翰长高的个子，品评着他大衣的样式，同时向约翰伸出了手，完全是绅士间的行为。19. 答案B解析根据“John and I both knew we should never mistake a persons clothes for the real person within them”可知，约翰和“我”都知道我们永远不应该把一个人的衣服错当成他们内在的真实的人。20. 答案D解析根据“As is known, what is on the inside should be matched with what is on the outside”众所周知，一个人的内在应该与外在是匹配的。compared“可比较的”；connected“有联系的”；combined“结合的”；matched“相匹配的”。. 语法填空(2017甘肃甘谷)Scientists have discovered that _1_(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight. Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fatthe type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm. Brown fat burns energy, _2_ helps us lose weight. White fat stores extra energy, which results _3_ weight gain. The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant _4_(comfort) temperatures, our bodys need for brown fat has decreased. They found that, “Outdoor workers in northern Finland who _5_(expose) to cold temperature have _6_ significant amount of brown fat when _7_(compare) to sameaged indoor workers.”The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice. _8_ group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat. This group later gained 30%less weight after both groups were fed highfat diets. The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity. People who are obese have _9_(low) levels of brown fat than thinner people. Head researcher Hei Sook Sul said, “This protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesityrelated diseases.”She added, “If you can somehow increase levels of this protein, you could _10_(possible) lose more weight even if eating the same amount of food.”答案与解析1. 答案staying解析考查动名词。staying in the cold是动名词短语作主语。2. 答案which解析考查定语从句。先行词是前面的句子Brown fat burns energy, which在定语从句中作主语。3. 答案in解析考查介词。result in“导致，引起”。4. 答案comfortable解析考查形容词。句意是“研究人员说，由于空调和取暖给我们带来了持续的舒适温度，我们身体对棕色脂肪的需求减少了。”5. 答案are exposed解析考查短语。be exposed to“暴露于”。6. 答案a解析考查冠词。have a significant amount of意为“有相当数量的”。7. 答案compared解析考查短语。compared to“与比较”。8. 答案One解析考查数词。根据上文可知这里表示的是“其中一组”。9. 答案lower解析