探索理论,结合实践,提升能力.ppt

,探索理论，结合实践，提升能力 谈阅读表达高分突破之我见,姓名：郭艳梅 作者单位：惠民二中,阅 读 表 达 题,题型解读,高分突破,命题特征,阅 读 表 达 的 命 题 特 征,1、集阅读理解与书面表达于一体， 既考查学生的阅读理解能力， 又考查学生综合运用英语知识去 解决问题的能力； 2、考查的主要目的是理解、归纳、 提炼、传达信息； 3、强调“表达”，而不是简单的“回答”， 这对学生阅读理解能力，获取、加工 关键信息的能力提出了更高的要求。,七种类型：主旨概括题 、同义替换题 、补全句子题 、开放简答题 、封闭简答题 、句子翻译题 、其他类型题,难点： 1.主旨概括题 ； 2.补全句子题； 3.句子翻译题。,难点攻克+细节注意,高分突破,注意点： 1）快速的浏览题目，做到心中有数，带着题目进行速读、寻读，在文章中划出与解题有关的关键词、句。 2）下笔答题之前认真审题，弄清问题的要求（尤其是字数限制）。 3）回答应具有针对性，紧扣题目；语言既要完整又要简洁；同时还要注意语言运用的准确性、得体性。,76. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words) 77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them. 78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words) 79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words) 80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.,1、主旨概括题（或给出标题）：要求准确理解文章大意、细节，把握作者的观点、态度、意图和语气等，提炼归纳出文章的内容要点。然后，把文章的内容要点进行浓缩和提炼，结合试题的要求作答，语言应精辟、简练。,题型解读:,常见的提问方式归纳如下：,(1) Whats the main idea of the passage? (2) Whats the passage mainly about? (3)What does the passage mainly discuss? (4)What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage? (5)Whats the best title of the passage? ,应试技巧：,主旨概括题（给出标题）关键是找准主题句。 一段文字中往往有一个中心句，它的出现有三种情况：一是出现在一段的开头；二是出现在段尾，具有总结的作用；三是出现在段落中间，往往由一句话来统领全段。 根据各主题句来选择整篇文章的主题句，然后提炼出 文章的主旨大意。,（10）1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each others company. 3During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs. 4However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.,76. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words),Families benefit from eating together. / Having dinner together is beneficial to families.,应试技巧：,文章标题应该能够高度概括文章内容，同时还要有一定的针对性，另外标题应能吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。这一点也是标题和主旨大意的区别所在。 （1）通常为短语或短句, 力求精辟、简洁； （2） 实词首字母大写虚词首字母小写; （3）若虚词位于句首大写; （4）只大写第一个单词的首字母； The Power of Youth Culture Living Longer or Not How to Be a Good Listener,2、 句子替换题：要求注意理解句子中的几个关键词，变复杂的句式结构为简单的单词或短语，化整为零。 (1)Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? (2)Which sentence can be replaced by the following one?,题型解读:,应试技巧：,句子的替换要求对等意义的单词化或短语化。,77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.,（10）1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each others company. 3During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs. 4However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.,77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.,Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships.,3、 封闭性题目： 要求从文章中找出具体的细节内容，根据题目要求，加以分析判断，从文章的细节，作者的意图，文章的脉络中，运用自己的语言，得出相应的结论。,题型解读：,常见提问方式： Regular Wh-h-Questions based on the passage. （07）78What advice is given in the last paragraph? （within 10 words）79For what purpose does the author mention his American friend in Paragraph 1? （within 10 words） （09）76. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? （within 8 words） 79. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. （within 8 words） (08）76. List three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text. (Please answer within 8 words),题型解读：,应试技巧：,(09) 4 Its a form of universal health insurance. Its impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient （接受者）。,79. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. （within 8 words）,lowering blood pressure relieving stress boosting happiness,应试技巧：,对于封闭性问题，要在通读全文、掌握文章主旨大意的基础上进行。首先要仔细看懂问题，明确问的是什么，然后按照题意进行寻读，找出正确答案的根据，然后正确表达出来。,79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words),（10）1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each others company. 3During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs. 4However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.,79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words),their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life,4、开放性题目： 要求在整体理解，把握文章内容的基础上结合作者的观点，写出自己的看法。 What would you do if you were What other suggestions would you give? How would you settle the problem if you were ?,题型解读：,应试技巧：,对于开放性问题，考生可根据自己的观点选择较容易回答的点回答，但论据要充分论证自己的观点，论证要有力度且紧密符合自己的中心论点，并且表达无误。,5、 完成句子题：要求结合上下文，根据文章的逻辑关系和意义关系，正确把握文章脉络、线索和情节发展，对作者的写作意图进行正确的判断，结合自己对英语的运用能力来填写。,题型解读:,应试技巧：,把握上下文之间的逻辑关系及语义的连贯性，定下大体的结构思路及形式，定出需要填写的是单词、短语还是完整句子，然后添加适当内容，并且要注意无语法错误。,A同位关系（并列关系） 标志词：and, also, similarly, too, eitheror, neithernor, notbut, not onlybut also, in the same way, equally, at the same time B递进关系 标志词：then; besides; in addition; additionally; what is more; moreover, furthermore, C对比关系（转折关系） 标志词：but, however, nevertheless, still, in any case, unfortunately, while, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, conversely, on the other hand, D因果关系 标志词：because, since, as, for; now that, so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result, ,E让步关系： 标志词：although; though; even though; even if; nevertheless; despite; in spite of; F时间关系： 标志词：when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, G条件关系： 标志词：if, suppose (that), supposing (that), unless, in case, so (as) long as, so far, on condition (that), provided (that), providing (that),without, I. 表示目的（意图） 标志词：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, H解释与被解释关系 标志词：is, that is, that is to say, means, the meaning is (that) , ,（10）1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each others company. 3During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs. 4However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.,78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words),No family dinner can benefit. / Family dinner may not benefit.,6、翻译句子题：一般是复合句，要求在理解和分析划线句子成分的基础上，结合文章的段落，准确、通顺地翻译。,题型解读：,应试技巧：,在翻译时，要适当应用增词、减词、词性转化、语序转化等技巧；另外，英语中的非限制性定语从句及长的名词性从句和较长的短语往往要单独翻译，句子才更通顺，更符合中国人的说话习惯。,（09）Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural one. 不管出于什么原因，我在城里打招呼得到的回应比在乡村少得多。 （07）You are perfectly within the bounds of politeness in responding to a marathon e-mail with a brief reply. 用简短的话回复冗长的电子邮件完全不失礼节。或：用简短的话回复马拉松式的电子邮件也是礼貌的。,（10）1One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways. 2Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and