2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit13People单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）北师大版必修5.docx

Unit 13 Peopl课时练(一)阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2019广州调研)Metropolis Book ClubMembership：All you need to do is fill out the order form at the bottom of the page, select your first order from our book list and then post the completed form back to us.Special offers for new members：As a special offer, you may choose any reducedprice books from our new members book list, to the value of 100 yuan in total.Tick the box on your form to order a free watch.Join before the end of this month and you will receive another free book carefully chosen by our staff.Order an audiobook from the many on offer, at half the recommended retail price.When youve joined：As a member you get around 50% off the publishers price of every book you buy, and whats more, they come straight to your door. Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest bestsellers weve added to our list. On the Internet, you can find all our titles for the year at our exclusive members website. Our website also has a book swap service where members can request or offer books for exchange.Being a member：All you have to do is order four books during your first year. After that, you can decide on the number of books you wish to take.In each of your monthly club magazines, our experienced staff choose a “Book of the Month” for you, which is offered at an extraspecial price. If you do not want this book, just say so in the space provided on the form and send it back to us. We always send the book if we do not receive this form.Once we receive your order, your books are delivered within one week. And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they arent what you expected just send them back!语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了如何成为Metropolis Book Club的会员以及会员将得到什么好处等。1How can you become a member of the Metropolis Book Club?ABy ordering a watch free of charge.BBy sending the advertisement to the club.CBy choosing books with special prices.DBy returning the completed order form.解析：选D细节理解题。根据Membership部分中的介绍可知，要想成为会员需要填写页面下端的订单表格，从书单中选择你的第一个订单，然后把填完的表格寄给俱乐部，就能成为俱乐部的会员，故选D项。2What information does the monthly magazine give members?AThe percentage saved on each book.BThe names of all the books sold by the club.CThe list of the newest books available to buy.DThe books that can be swapped by club members.解析：选C细节理解题。根据When youve joined部分中的“Your free club magazine arrives once a month to keep you up to date with the latest bestsellers weve added to our list”可知，月刊杂志给会员提供最新的畅销书信息，故选C项。3What can we infer from the last part of the passage?AAt least four books should be bought each year.BMembers can look at the books before they buy them.CMembers need to buy the “Book of the Month”DThe more books members buy, the higher the members grade is.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And remember, you have up to a fortnight to decide if you wish to keep the books you have ordered. If they arent what you expected just send them back”可知，书先寄给会员，如果会员不喜欢，可以寄回去。因此，会员可以在不买的情况下就先看到书，故选B项。B(2019押题卷一)He runs from explosions, drives over waterfalls and jumps from tall buildings. That might sound like Superman, but stuntman (特技演员) Vince Deadrick Jr. is very much human.As a stuntman in movies and television shows, Deadrick admits hes no stranger to getting hurt. He has suffered broken bones, bled, gotten knocked out and nearly fallen to his death, but he considers himself lucky to be alive after some of the stunts he has performed.Deadrick has been a stunt coordinator (协调员) for the Nickelodeon channel for 12 years. He has worked with famous actors, directors and producers, and he has traveled all over the world. But that doesnt mean his work is easy.It took him years of hard work to get where he is today. Deadricks father, Vince Deadrick Sr., was also a stuntman, but his family connection didnt give Deadrick a free pass into the movie business. He learned from his dad how to set up cardboard boxes and fall pads for high falls, and he started training on his own once he decided to follow in his fathers footsteps.As a stunt coordinator, Deadrick takes danger seriously. When he hires a new stunt performer, he looks for a professional.“Youre only as good as the people you hire，” he says. A stuntman needs to know his own abilities and limitations so he wont shy away from doing his best but also wont be such a daredevil (铤而走险的人) that he could hurt himself or others.When the actors and stuntmen are going to do something dangerous, they need to know theyre trusting the right person. With over 40 years in the business, Deadrick is an expert at making stunts both realistic and safe.Though he has a large amount of responsibility, Deadrick loves his job.“Im in a position where I have to make decisions on risk factors, keeping the actors and stuntmen safe while still making it look impressive. I love my business, and I love the excitement.”语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了特技演员Vince Deadrick Jr.的从业经历和对自己职业的看法。4It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Deadrick is _.AcarelessBoptimisticCunfortunate Dgenerous解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Deadrick在做特技演员的过程中，受过很多伤，但他却为自己大难不死而感到很幸运，说明他很乐观。5What do we know about Deadricks path to success?AHe picked up his stunt skills from a stuntman.BHe made it with hard work and great effort.CHis dad offered him great encouragement.DHis dad led him into the movie business.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Deadrick自学了很多特技表演方面的本领，而且当特技演员的爸爸也没给他帮上什么忙，一切全靠自己的努力才有了今天的成就。6When hiring stuntmen, Deadrick _.Acant be too carefulBprefers the fearless onesClikes those with no limitationsDputs experience above all else解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第四、五段可知，在挑选特技演员时，Deadrick非常慎重，挑那些专业的、有自知之明的人。7What does Deadrick think of his job?AHard and boring.BEasy and attractive.CSkilled but relaxing. DChallenging but exciting.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章前半部分可看出，做特技演员很具挑战性；根据最后一段可看出，干这一行又很刺激。C(2019洛阳第一次统考)I left England for Sydney in September. It was a career move for my husband, and our 20yearold daughter was feeling adventurous and decided to come, too. However, just before leaving England, my 79yearold mother suffered a stroke (中风). Being strong and independent, she continues to live at home with the help of social services. But she couldnt look after the garden. I thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help. Friends asked me what I planned to do in Australia, and I told them I would be looking for a volunteer position with a gardening charitable organization. Imagine my surprise when I found just the organization I had been looking for Easy Care Gardening (ECG)!There are several reasons why I volunteer for ECG. Firstly, as a newcomer to Australia I meet many great people who, like me, volunteer some of their time. We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others.Secondly, through working with ECG I have been lucky enough to explore Sydneys North Shore that I might not have had the opportunity to visit otherwise.Finally, there are all those wonderful people who we call “clients (客户)”， but are more like friends when we visit them often and tend their gardens. What great people I have met, and stories they have to tell the family histories, where they come from and the reasons for immigrating to Australia. I find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years. Each one is individual and reflects the character, needs and the history of each family. Indeed, the gardens reflect the multicultural and historical background of Sydney.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者移居悉尼后加入了Easy Care Gardening 组织，成了一名园艺志愿者的故事，以及作者加入这个组织的原因。8Why did the author move to Sydney?AShe planned to volunteer there.BHer husband would work there.CShe was very keen on adventures.DShe had to look after her sick mother.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was a career move for my husband”可知，作者移居悉尼是因为她丈夫的工作变动，故选B项。9What made the author choose to be a gardening volunteer?AHer own experience.BThe tips of her friends.CThe popularity of ECG.DHer gardening skills.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, just before leaving England, my 79yearold mother suffered a stroke (中风) . But she couldnt look after the garden. I thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help”可知，作者的母亲因为中风无法照料花园，因此作者希望有一个能提供园艺志愿服务的组织。所以，作者选择成为一名园艺志愿者是因为她自己的经历。故选A项。10What do the volunteers at ECG have in common?AThey make friends with their clients.BThey like to explore Sydneys North Shore.CThey are of similar age and background.DThey are kindhearted with the same interest.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others”可知，ECG的志愿者虽然年龄跨度很大，但是都喜爱花园和帮助他人。D项“他们都很热心肠，有着同样的爱好”符合文意，故选D项。11What does the underlined word “one” in the last paragraph refer to?AClient. BReason.CGarden. DJoy.解析：选C代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“I find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years”可知，作者觉得能够进入私人花园是一种特权，在许多情况下，私人花园都是花园主人的乐趣所在。根据语境和画线词所在句的前后句子中的“gardens”可知，“one”指的就是“garden”，故选C项。D(2019洛阳第一次统考)It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldnt have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.The friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isnt competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes. Perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrients, living space, or light better explains it.As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened version of Darwins theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In fact, in some circumstances, competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a students fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。12What does the ecological definition mainly explain?AHow friends compete with each other.BHow to win the competition.CWhat the result of competition is.DWhat competition exactly is.解析：选D细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。13According to the author, what causes the high school students to compete?AThe number of them is too large.BFriendship is a burden for them.CThey know the laws of nature well.DThey are divided into different groups.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。14Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?AFriendship is always based on competition.BThe degree of competition is vital to friendship.CCompetition is terribly harmful to friendship.DCompetition is a result of lost friendship.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendship apart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。15What does the author think of “competition”？AThe results of competition are out of control.BCompetition becomes fiercer in high school.CCompetition is certain to happen in high school.DFriendship is not as important as competition in high schools.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。.阅读七选五(2019重庆调研)Though Thaler, a behaviorism psychologist, hasnt specifically studied the field of communication, his principle works just as well if your mission is to reach and engage your audience. “If you want to get somebody to do something, make it easy.” _16_ Herere the ways of applying Thalers approach：Develop a single high concept to summarize your message. The idea is that to make it easy for your audience, you should distill (提炼) what youre trying to convey in a short phrase or sentence.Lead with your point. And now that youve figured out the most important message to communicate, you should make that your headline or subject line. _17_ It attracts their attention. It promises the solution to a problem.Emphasize the benefit. Answer your audiences key questions: “_18_” “Whats in it for me？”Be briefer than you ever thought possible. Dont worry about the word count; just cut and cut until only the most important is left._19_ Were living in a visually mediated society, and most people would much rather watch a video or scan a photo or spend time on an infographic (信息图) than read.Reduce friction. In communication, friction occurs when an audience member is intrigued (使着迷) by a topic, but then meets with resistance on his or her quest (追求) to engage with content._20_ Provide a clear way to learn more. Most people will want just a bite of information, but some will long for a snack. So provide an easy way to get more substance.AWhy do you think so?BHow does this affect me?CUse visuals to instantly convey your meaning.DThats the first thing audience members notice.ESo you should lower your voice before the audience.FSo think about how to make the experience easier.GHow does this relate to improving communication?语篇解读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了与观众交流沟通时的一些技巧。16解析：选G该空前讲到Thaler所提出的原理同样适用于与观众的交流沟通中，空后的句子“Herere the ways of applying Thalers approach”表示作者下面要介绍Thaler的原理如何适用于与观众的交流沟通中，故空处为一个过渡句，而G项“这与改善交流沟通有什么关系呢？”符合文意，所以选G项。17解析：选D根据该空前一句可知，把最重要的信息置于头条，这样观众第一眼就能够注意到，所以选D项。18解析：选B根据该空前的句子“Answer your audiences key questions”以及空后的句子可知，空处应是问句，又根据第二个句子的特点和本段的主题“Emphasize the benefit”可知，应选B项。19解析：选C本题考查段落的主题句。本段的关键信息visually mediated与C项中的visuals相照应，所以选C项。20解析：选F本空位于句末，空前提到与观众产生摩擦及其原因，故空处应讲如何减少与观众的摩擦，F项中的the experience指的就是前面提到的与观众产生摩擦。所以选F项。课时练(二)语言知识运用组块专练练准度(限时：30分钟).完形填空(2019呼和浩特调研)I love the feeling of exchanging goods with my parents. When we visit them, we often end up _1_ home more things than we brought with us. After packing up at the end of our most _2_ visit, and after the last _3_ and sounding of the car horn (喇叭), I took a quick look at the back _4_ of our car. At the top of the pile, folded _5_ and smartly, were a 50yearold baby blanket, several doilies (装饰垫) _6_ from generations of women in my family, and two small _7_.These creative quilts, looking _8_ but quite lovingly worn, remind me of my greatgrandmothers who were always _9_ hard. I think of the pieces of cloth _10_ over the floors of their living rooms. I think of their _11_ hands and the regular pattern of _12_ from their sewing machines. I think of their laughter, their smiles and the wisdom found in the corners of their eyes.I wish I could go back in time and watch them _13_ these quilts, and I cherish the quilts my greatgrandmothers _14_. I love knowing that the women who _15_ the way for my own path through life have left behind touchable expressions of themselves. _16_ I touch the worn cloth of each creation, I will always remember the women whose hands brought them into _17_. I will be ever _18_ for the strong women in my family who have lived _19_ me and with me, who have left behind unbelievable examples to _20_ and lovely quilts to pass on.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”由曾祖母辈留下来的东西想到：这些东西传递给我们后辈的不仅是亲情和爱，更是长辈的热爱劳动、热爱生活的精神。1A.leavingBbuyingCtaking Dreturning解析：选C根据上文中的“I love the feeling of exchanging goods with my parents”和下文内容可知，我们常常从父母那里收到东西带回家。此处“taking”与空后的“brought”形成对比，符合语境。leave“离开”；buy“买”；take“带走”；return“返回”。2A.official BregularCspecial Drecent解析：选D此处表示在最近的一次拜访结束时，我们打包完之后。most recent 表示“最近的”，符合语境。official“官方的”；regular“有规律的”；special“特殊的”。3A.hugs BhandshakesCnods Dgreetings解析：选A根据语境可知，我们打包完之后准备走，故此处表示在与父母拥抱过后。hug“拥抱”；handshake“握手”；nod“点头”；greeting“问候”。4A.door BwindowCwheel Dseat解析：选D根据下文中的“At the top of the pile”可知，我们的车子里堆了很多要从父母那带走的物品，故应是“我”快速地朝车后座看了一眼。door“门”；window“窗户”；wheel“轮子”；seat“座位”。5A.closely BneatlyCloosely Dquickly解析：选B根据空后的“and smartly”的提示可知，此处表示在那堆东西的上面，一条有50年之久的婴儿毯整洁漂亮地叠放在那儿。closely“紧密地”；neatly“整洁地”；loosely“松散地”；quickly“快速地”。6A.taken down Bgiven awayCpassed down Dput away解析：选C根据第二段第一句中“remind me of my greatgrandmothers who were always