国际贸易英语考试题型汇总.doc

题型:1. 选择题 20*1=20分2. 简答题 4*5 =20分3. 翻译 英译汉3*10=30分 汉译英5*3=15分4. 问答 15Unit1一.选择题（二）. 即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box. depend upon be defined as put an end tobe justified by engage in be determined by be dominated by specialize in because of in terms of1 . international trade （）between two or more partners from different countries.2 . Traditionally, international trade（） in economics （）comparative advantage theory.3 . No nation can meet all of its peoples needs, and every nation（） some trade with other nations.4 . The nations are not willing to allow their international economic relations only （）market forces.5 . The theory of comparative costs suggested that countries will（） producing goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage.6 . International economics is growing in importance as a field of study（） the rapid integration of international economic markets.7 . Mercantilism is the economic theory that a nations prosperity （）its supply of gold and silver, that the total volume of trade is unchangeable.8 . Adam Smiths Invisible Hand and liberal theory of economics gradually （）the dominance of mercantilism.9 . International trade continues to （）the advanced industrialized countries.10.（） physical volume, world trade has grown faster than world production of commodities.二.翻译题（一）汉译英. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given. 1 . 通过国际贸易, 可以使消费者和贸易国获取本国没有的商品和服务。( get access to / be exposed to )2 . 通过国际贸易, 富裕国家可以更高效地使用其劳动力、 技术或资本等资源。( allow / enable)3 . 与当地企业不同, 跨国企业都是在全球范围内从事经营活动。( as opposed to)4 . 近年来, 中国的对外贸易呈现高速、 稳定的增长。( register)5 . 在全球化的市场条件下, 企业面临着与国内外企业的激烈的竞争。( given)（二） 英译汉Translate the following passage into Chinese.Economic“globalization”is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also refers to the movement of people ( labor ) and knowledge ( technology) across international borders. There are also broader cultural, political and environmental dimensions of globalization that are not covered here. At its most basic, there is nothing mysterious about globalization. The term has come into common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that have made it easier and quicker to complete international transactions both trade and financial flows. It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity village markets, urban industries, or financial centers.Unit2一.选择题argument against shift comply withclear-cut be characterized by gain fromself-sufficient constitute as well as available1 .there is often no ( )distinction between a government s foreign and domestic policies.2 . Since economic activity( ) mutual interdependence, there are few, if any, economic polices of government that have only domestic effects.3 . The justification of free trade is that it enables a nation to( ) international specialization.4 . Every nation inhabits a global political and social environment( ) a global economic environment.5 . Every nation-state has an economy, and the mutual relations among the national economies ( )the international economic system.6 . The contribution of international trade is so immense that few countries could become( ) even with the greatest effort .7 . The domestic consumers benefit from international trade because it lowers the prices of goods and makes( ) goods that cannot be produced at home.8 . There are several( ) free trade: national security, protection of domestic industries, economic stability, and so on.9 . The composition of both U. S. imports and exports have( ) toward to manufactured high-tech products and away from industrial supplies and materials.10. business enterprises take steps to influence foreign economic policy in the direction that best( ) their interests.二.翻译题. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given. 1 . 进口政策的目的在于获得发展中国经济所需要的具有现代技术的资本货物。( be directed at)2 . 很多经济学家认为, 自由贸易能推动经济增长和提高生活水平。( argue)3 . 发达的工业化国家仍居国际贸易的主导地位, 其贸易额占世界贸易总量的一半以上。( account for )4 . 自从实行改革开放政策以后, 特别是加入世界贸易组织以后, 中国的对外贸易取得了引人注目的增长。( achieve)5 . 经济学家一直在研究由于国际商务的扩展所引起的各种理论和实际问题。( engage in)二） 英译汉U. S. foreign trade and global economic policies have changed direction dramatically during the more than two centuries that the United States has been a country. The early days of the nation s history, government and business mostly concentrated on developing the domestic economy irrespective of what went on abroad. But since the Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II, the country generally has sought to reduce trade barriers and coordinate the world economic system. This commitment to free trade has both economic and political roots; the United States increasingly has come to see open trade as a means not only of advancing its own economic interests but also as a key to building peaceful relations among nations.Unit3一.选择题（二）. 即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.Equivalent put into practice be conscious of otherwisedeal with prevent from involve work onrelate to nothing more than1 . A market entry strategy is （ ）finding the best methods of delivering your goods to your market and of distributing them there .2 . The transactions associated with exporting are generally more complicated than those（ ） the domestic market .3 . Once a relationship has been established with an overseas customer, representative, or distributor, it is important that the exporter （ ）building and maintaining that relationship .4 . Licensing（ ） granting a license to a foreign firm to produce and market a product for which the foreign firm pays royalties to the parent firm .5 . Sometimes licenses develop quality control problems and can possibly the parent firm（ ） entering the foreign market at a later date .6 . In joint ventures, cultural differences must（ ） and sometimes foreign partners can be a source of conflict .7 . A licensing agreement must contain clauses concerning jurisdiction, （ ）there will be direct competition between the licensor and the licensee .8 . Most multinational firms （ ）extremely（ ） the licensee s ability to respect the companys reputation for quality and reliability .9 . Several forms of flexible business arrangements including counter trade, export processing, equity joint ventures and contractual ventures have been（ ） in China .10 . In a counter trade deal , the foreign customer who provides the equipment or license undertakes to buy from the Chinese enterprise goods of a value （ ）that of what he himself supplies .二.翻译题（一）汉译英. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given. 1 . 第二次世界大战以后,出现了各种跨国经营活动,比如商品和劳务贸易、 对外直接投资和技术转让等。(Such as)2 . 如果一个国家没有外汇储备,没有贷款,也不能通过谈判达成其他协定,那么唯一的选择就是易货贸易。( in the absence of )3 . 在签订许可证协议之前,许可方应全面了解被许可方国家有关知识产权的法律、 法规。(enter into )4 . 在逐步实现际应全球化的同时,企业日益通过向海外和国内市场引进产品的手段来获得更高利润。(move toward)5 . 毋庸置疑,海外投资的高利润是跨国公司致力于对外直接投资的主要动力。(there is no question)（二） 英译汉In its 1999 annual report , South Africas Reserve Bank said that “foreign direct investment inflows will be a prerequisite for faster economic growth and development .”Why does the South African government want FDI ?Jobs are the main reason. Estimates on 1999 South African unemployment ranged from 24 to 37 percent. Growth is another reason. South Africas domestic saving and in- vestment rates are too low to generate sufficient economic growth, particularly because the population rate has been growing at over 2 percent a year .Unit 4一.选择题Break up into as opposed to Come to consist of On hand sell off Back up creep in Draw down from scratch Come to come out 1.they are the basis of unconditional prophecies ,_conditional scientific prediction .2.after the depression , he started_ in running a firm again .3.sentence _clause .4.as a rule he writs English very well ,but occasionally unidiomatic expression _.5.we will _the old stocks at half price and anything remaining will be thrown away .6.all his little schemes for making money seem to _grief .7.he drought along a file of document to _his claim .8.worldwide English broadcasters were _to describe the event as it happened .9.that areas furniture weather pattern might _long ,dry periods . 10.this may _gold reserves .二.翻译题（一）汉译英1.克莱斯勒汽车公司应宣告破产，而不应去向政府求援。（rather than ）2.这个项目对本场的生存与发展都起着关键作用。(key for )3.这个协议可以看作是美国对俄罗斯经济充满信心的一票。(a vote of confidence )4.那位值急诊班的外科医生非常忙碌，他仅有时间狼吞虎咽地吃了一份三明治。(bolt down )5.更具体地说，他们提出，美国是否真正出口资本密集型商品来换取劳动密集型产品。(in exchange for )（二） 英译汉The study of international monetary economics begins with the balance-of-payment accounts . the current account adds up all credits and debits arising from trade in goods and services and from transfer , the private capital account covers the purchase and sale of assets , and the official reserve transaction account consist of changes in international reserve holdings by central banks .Unit5一.选择题即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.except means intend toprevent so that lead tointerfere with impose on due tosubject to1 .A tariff is a tax_ imported and/ or exported goods, sometimes called a customs duty .2 . If a country major industry collapses_ foreign competition, the loss of jobs and tax revenue can severely impair parts of that country economy .3 . The most notable drawback of protective tariffs is that they increase the price of the goods_ the tariff , disadvantaging consumers of that goods .4 . Some economic ideologies hold that tariffs are a harmful _the laws of the free market .5 . Free trade involves the removals of all such barriers, _ perhaps those considered necessary for health or national security .6 . Non-tariff trade barriers are criticized as a _to evade free trade rules .7 . The use of non-tariff trade barriers has risen sharply after the WTO rules _ a very significant reduction of average tariffs .8 . A key stated goal of agricultural subsidies is food self -sufficiency to _ the shock of rapid price rises in essential groceries .9 . Many observers argue that the purpose of agricultural subsidies is in the end to protect farmers _they will continue to vote for the politicians thatvote for these subsidies .10 . he main argument against fair trade is that the term in practice is primarily_ protect inefficient industries .二.翻译题（一）汉译英. 1 . 多年来各国间已经达成反对单方面地实施商品配额的协议。( impose on)2 . 保护性关税旨在人为地提高进口商品的价格,以保护国内产业不受国外竞争的损害。(be intended to)3 . 政府采购政策也是贸易壁垒,因为这些政策通常对国内厂商有利,而严格限制政府机构采购进口商品。( favor)4 . 自由贸易是一个经济概念,指国家之间销售产品无关税的征收或其他贸易壁垒。( refer to)5 . 海关及其他行政手续包含各种政府政策和程序,不是对进口加以歧视,就是对出口加以支持。(discriminate against) （二） 英译汉Many economists argue that free trade increases the standard of living and economic efficiency through the theory of comparative advantage and economies of scale . Others argue that free trade allows developed nations to exploit developing nations and to destroy local industry in addition to circumventing social and labor standards . Conversely it has also been argued that free trade hurts developed nations because it causes jobs from those nations to move to other countries as well as producing a race to the bottom which causes a general lowering of health and safety standards.Unit 6一.选择题即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.access to n terms of at stakemade strides in adhere to in breach oflead to at the heart of come toleft out1 . or the WTOs procedure to succeed, countries must_ its decisions, even when they disagree with them.2 . Defining fair practice is _many trade disputes, as countries naturally have differing perspectives on what is and is not fair.3 . Less spectacularly, it _the more difficult areas of reducing trade barriers in agricultural products and textiles.4 . A country found to be_ trade rules by a panel may appeal to the Appellate Body.5 . Much has been_ wider trading relations.6 . Under this legislation a country could lose _the entire US market , not merely that of the offending product.7 . Its growth as a trading power suggests it can no longer be _.8 . Labour standards, including practices such as child labour, have_ be included in human rights principles generally.9 . Co-operation in pursuing international cartels has progressed and could_ some form of multilateral antitrust organization in the future.10. distance are expressed _ kilometer as well as miles二.翻译题（一）汉译英. Translate the following sentences into English with the phrases given. 1. 环保主义者认为如果全球变暖和雨林保护等问题不同等考虑的话, 商业目的将胜出, 环境就会遭殃。( win out)2. 无条件最惠国待遇始于 2000 年,它为加入 WTO 铺平了道路。( pave the way for )3. 令美国沮丧的事,评审团裁决日本没有违反 WTO 规则,因为在政府行为和日本的市场结构之间没有联系。( to the dismay of )4. 所有国家都享有公认的保护国家利益的权力, 但是这个原则以及他们对 WTO规则的理解都可能存在很大的差异。( be subject to)5. 一个被审讯团裁定违反贸易规则的国家可以向审理上诉的机构进行上诉。( appeal to)（二） 英译汉While the WTO, like GATT, represents a multilateral approach to trade liberalization, regional trade agreements ( RTAs) have grown in importance in the post-war period. These are formed between countries in a broad geographic area, such as the continents of Europe and North America. They are designed to bring down trade barriers among their member states, thus opening up regional markets for national producers. However, their impact can be much broader, as strong regional markets can have a significant impact on world trade patterns. Political considerations also play a key role, as economic integration is inseparable from the political power balance within any region, and regional trading blocks are influential in global politics.Unit 7一.选择题即从所给短语中选择恰当的短语填入括号Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.Wipe out be keen on kick around Hit a break wall sticking point break out Far from take on account for Among other things 1.my cap s _somewhere 2.fighting _in the prison cells 3.their plan _at the committee meeting .4.we are sorry to say we cant _new orders .5.government procurement _a substantial part of the global economy 6.he is pleased to see his sons work though it is _perfect 7._ , I like jogging as an exercise 8.the Singapore issues were still the _at the Cancun meeting /9.the young student are _Disco though their parent may not be10.foreign competitors _their own industries .二.翻译题.1.低收入国家普遍不愿意增加新议题，而这次会议只就成立解决这些问题的工作组达成了一致。( take on )2.他们在坎昆成立了一个联盟，这个联盟第一次与欧盟轴心国对着干。( take the fight to )3.令高收入国家烦恼的是，印度，中国，古巴，巴基斯坦和津巴布韦试图把这些问题和外国投资者的义务而不是权力联系起来。( on the chagrin of )4.环境条款允许一个国家限制另一个无明确环境标准国家的进口，在这方面，环境条款有些像劳工条款。( is as much as )5.在坎昆，欧盟面临来自低收入国家的G22新联盟的强烈反对，提出取消投资和竞争条款。( in the face of )（二） 英译汉The danger for low-income countries is that the measures transnational corporations want them to implement could be quite expensive and could reduce the transparency of global trade .amongst other things ,reduced trade transparency could reduce the ability of low-income countries to control transnational corporation transfer pricingwhich has a huge influence on where transnational corporations report their profits ( and therefore where they pay their taxes ) . high-income countries are demanding that the transfer price valuations supplied by transnational corporations be simply accepted without question by host governments even though this policy was rejected in both the Tokyo and Uruguay rounds .U n i t 8一.选择题Fill in the blanks below with the most appropriate terms from the box.take over as a result take place refer to carry out take deliverycall for apply to pick up make delivery1 . if the seller is to pay the cost and bear the risk of unloading and clearing customs,and _on the dock thereafter, the term is DEQ or delivered ex-quay, duty paid.2 ._ , the rights and obligations of each party to a contract should be moreclearly understood if the contract is expressed in INCO terms.3 . We dont offer any services except to put the goods on our loading dock at ourplace of business so that the buyer can _them _at an agreed time.4 . We will provide export documentation that will help the buyer move the goods outof our country, but we will not_ the process.5 . If any damage _after the goods leave our dock, it is the buyers loss.6 . Once delivery is made to the carrier , the buyer is in essentially the same position as the buyer who _ex works.7 . If the contract _a pre-shipment inspection, the buyer pays for it .8 . On land it is often most convenient for the seller to deliver the goods to the sellers border and let the buyer_ from there.9 . In interpreting how Incoterms _a particular contract, we should the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the Intern