细胞工厂研究进展.ppt

An introduction to cell factory,Background,The increasing shortage of fossil resource and global climate change today demand fundamental innovation and new concepts in bioprocess development for the production of commodities (chemicals) and fuels from renewable resources. Currently, bioproduction of commodities and fuels in large scale is almost exclusively based on microbial systems, primarily in form of pure culture.,Background,In 1982.the concept of biorefinery was first proposed in Science .aims at step-wise fractionation/conversion to achieve efficient separation of major components. Since then, the biorefinery becoming the strategic direction of the world.,2009, Ishchuk et. al raised the fermentation temperature of an ATHI mutant strain of Hansenula polymorpha yeast to 50 , by excessive co-expression the heat shock proteins, 16p and 104p . 2010, SuwrannaraIlgsee et. al increased ethanol production of H. polymorpha by over express alcoholdehydrogellase (ADH) derived from itself , (up to 36.7g/L).,Significant progress,Significant progress,In Netherlands, Delft University of Technology selected a engineering strain limited by xylose, and resulted in a strain which can efficiently digest xylose mixed by glucose. From this mixed culture, a high ethanol productivity of 0. 49g/g was achieved.,Significant progress,Wisselink et. al screened out the strains that can fully consume the solution, 30 glucose, 15 g xylose, 15g Yasar Arabia of sugar (per litre), and shorten the fermentation time 40%, by evolutionary engineering.,Significant progress,By the manipulating of metabolic engineering, Succinic acid productivity of the engineering strain was reach at 1. 29mol/mol glucose. Xylose isomerase (木糖异构酶), xylulokinase (木酮糖激酶), transketolase (转酮酶) was expressed in Zymomonas. mobilis. The production of ethanol was enhanced about 44.7% from this recombined strain.,Significant progress,The yields of ethanol was increased by 19% result from truncated SacB(果聚糖蔗糖酶) gene of Zymomonas. mobilis. And the productivity of ethnol based on sucrose was also improved from 80% to 95% (based on analysis of gene chip).,Significant progress,Combined Transcriptome with Metabolomics, Microbia modified regulatory gene of aspergillus terreus so that the production capacity of lovastatin is raised about 50%.,Significant progress,Formulated the cell factory building strategy. Began to use the biotechnology. The efficient utilization of the cheap biomass raw materials. Such as, lignocellulose (such as corn cobs, straw), and the equal utilization of pentose and hexose.,strategy for cell factories,Inherent limitations,Direction,The transformation of the glycosylation path. Focus on how to improve the yield of product and reduce the formation of byproducts and improve the tolerance of the cell to product.,Direction,Direction,Learn more about the genome and gene expression, molecular machines, metabolic pathways, regulati