选修64单元wordsa.ppt

Unit 4,Useful words and expressions,Global warming,Revision,Useful phrases,1. depend on 2. use for 3. consume energy 4. run out 5. heat up 6. compared to 7. come about 8. rather than,依靠,把用于,消耗能量,用尽, 耗尽,加热,与 . 相比,发生,而不是,9. subscribe to 10. be due to 11. small amounts of 12. huge quantities of 13. result in 14. be opposed to 15. build up 16. even if 17. keep on,同意，赞成,因为, 由于,少量的,大量,导致, 结果是,反对,逐渐增加,即使,继续,Read and say the meaning of the underlined word in each sentence.,1. is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. 2. All aircraft must fuel before flight. 3. The fire soon warmed the room. 4. The day was warm and cloudless. 5. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere 6. Youd better tend to your own affairs.,7. The current trend is towards informal clothing. 8. The road trends to the north. 9. Ice is water in a solid state. 10. The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith. 11. I subscribed my name to the document. 12. He subscribed a large sum to the local charity. 13. I subscribed to several magazines.,Make a list of the things that consume energy in your home, ,consume v. 消耗，花费；吃完 Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the worlds energy. She consumed most of her time in reading. The kids soon consumed all the food on the table. consumer n. 消费者；顾客；用户,2. but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.,compared to 相当于compared with，表示“与相比” Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right. My handwriting can not be compared with my fathers.,compareto 表示“把比做”, 是异类相比 Mans life is often compared do a candle. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.,compared to / with “与相比”, 常作状语 Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.,1. 毛主席把青年人比作早晨的太阳。 Chairman Mao compared the young people to the morning sun. 2. 与波士顿相比，洛杉矶大。 Los Angeles is large, compared to / with Boston. 3. 把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比较，你就会发现它们之间的区别。 Compare this car with that one, and you will find the differences between them,小试身手,2. How has this come about and does it matter?,come about “发生，造成” , 相当于happen When Mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.,Do you know how the air accident came about?,come 的常用短语,come up 上升，靠近，升职，提及 come out 出现，显露，出版，发表，结果是 come up with 提出，想出 come to 总计；苏醒；复原 come across 碰到，遇到，无意中发现 come down下降，潦倒，流传 come along 一道走 come through 经历，脱险，安然度过 come with 伴随 . 发生 come from 来自，起源于,4. There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 ,There is no doubt that we will be successful. There is no doubt that he is qualified for the job.,类似的句型有： There is no use (in) doing There is no point (in) doing There is no need to do ,一、 doubt作不可数名词，意思是“疑惑;怀疑” 肯定句中doubt多接whether (一般不用if代替) 同位语从句。如: Theres some doubt whether hell keep his promise. She had her doubts whether the new book would sell well. 否定句中doubt多接that同位语从句。如: There is no doubt that they will ask you for help. I have no doubt that you will succeed.,二、doubt可作及物动词，作“怀疑;不能肯定;不大相信”解, 一般不用进行时态。 用于否定句或疑问句,后接that引导的宾语 从句。如: I dont doubt that he is telling the truth. Do you doubt that he will win the match? 用于肯定句,一般接whether 或if引导的宾语从句。如: I doubt whether / if we will make a profit out of it. We doubt whether / if she will be persuaded.,This type of cell phone is of low price but high quality, so I _ most people would like to buy it. (2008 全国卷I) A. expect B. imagine C. doubt D. hope 2. I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid. Thats OK, theres _. (2008 江苏) A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry,D,高考真题,A,3. Im afraid Mr. Wood cant see you until 4 oclock. Oh, _ I wont wait. (2005浙江) A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way,C, and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.,it is human activity that has caused this global warming 是强调句型。 rather than (而不是)连接的并列成分可以是名 词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分 句、不定式、动词等。 She is a career woman rather than a housewife. She enjoys singing rather than dancing.,The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself. (2011全国卷) A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than 解析：考查副词短语的辨义。句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字” 。 rather than而不；other than除了，相当于but和except；more than不仅仅；better than比多、好。,B,高考真题,but 在这里是副词，意思是“仅仅”，相当于only。 It took her but a few days to learn it. Hes still but a child. He left but an hour ago.,but构成的一些短语： but for 表示“要不是”(句子谓语用虚拟语气) But for your help, I couldnt have completed my work. “cant but +动词原形”表示“不得不” I cant but admire his bravery. “do nothing but+动词原形”表示“只是” He did nothing but cry. “have no choice but + to do”表示“除之外别无选择，不得不” We had no choice but to wait.,6. All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to .,subscribe to 同意；赞成；订阅；捐助 No one but mad people would subscribe to such views. Do you subscribe to her view of the state of the economy? Which newspaper do you subscribe to? He subscribed a large sum to the relief fund.,agree, consent, approve, comply, subscribe 这些动词均含“同意、赞同”之意。 agree: 普通用词，侧重指对某事同其他人有相同的意见或想法。 Do you agree with me about the need for more schools? consent: 指同意别人的请求、建议或满足他人的愿望，着重意愿或感情，常和to连用。 Her father reluctantly consented to the marriage.,approve: 侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示赞同或批准。作不及物动词用时，常与of连用。 We cant approve of this sort of thing subscribe: 指完全地赞成已阐明的立场。多用于比较愿意支持一种立场或为一种立场所辩护的情况。,- Do you _ the idea of living a low- carbon life? - It sounds tough, but it is a tendency. A. correspond to B. apply to C. cater to D. subscribe to 解析：此题考查动词短语。 correspond to 相应于, 相当于, 符合于; apply to 适用于, 运用于; cater to 迎合,投合; subscribe to 同意,支持, 捐赠, 订阅。 根据题意选D。,小试身手,7. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.,quantity n. 量，数量，大量 This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity. The factory turns out a large quantity of paper products.,quantities of 大量的，许多 . in large quantities 大量地 (常修饰动词),a large quantity of/large quantities of 表示“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。 注意：以此短语为主语的主谓一致的情况。 a large quantity of 接可数名词的复数形式做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，其后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；而large quantities of无论后面接的可数名词复数还是不可数名词，谓语动词都用复数形式。,1. 大量的啤酒被售出。 2. 大量夹克衫有售。 3. 桌子上有许多食品。 4. 图书馆里的藏书数量惊人。,Translate the following sentences into English.,A large quantity of beer was sold out.,A large quantity of blouses were on sale.,Quantities of food were on the table.,The quantity of books in the library is amazing.,小试身手,quantity, amount, number, sum这些名词均有“总数、总量”之意。 quantity: 书面用词，指事物的总量和总数量，侧重大批计量，含准确测量的意味。 amount: 普通用词，与quantity近义，但强调整体，指把所有数量、重量及度量归并在一起得出的总数。 number: 普通用词，指人或物的数目，强调数的概念。 sum: 普通用词，指简单加算的结果,8. that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.,result in 结果; 致使; 导致,Acting before thinking always results in failure. The accident resulted in the death of two people. Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.,近义词/ 短语有：cause, bring about, lead to,result from 起于, 由于, 由引起 His illness resulted from bad food. His sickness resulted from eating too much.,近义短语有： arise from,知识链接,9. who are opposed to this view, ,oppose v. 反对，反抗，使对立 opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 Father does not oppose the idea at all. It was courageous of him to oppose his chief. I am opposed to going shopping with others.,object, oppose, resist, protest这些动词均含“反对”之意。 object: 多指因厌恶或反感而反对，但不一定明显地表露出来。 oppose: 普通用词，含义广，语气强于object。多指反对一些较重大的事，隐含其正当性。 resist: 指用力量或意志抵抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。 protest: 一般指通过言语或文字或行为表示出的强烈抗议、反对。,10. Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.,build up 逐步建立，增加 Im very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up. Where is the capital going to come from to build up the phone systems? Eventually, these books will build up into a fine library.,build up ones fortune build up ones strength build up the business,积累财富,养精蓄锐,扩大/发展生意,11. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.,even if 即使，虽然 (=even though) Even if it will take me six weeks, I am determined to finish the job. Even if you saw him pick up the money, you cant be sure he stole it. Even if I were rich, I would work.,keep on 继续 (接连, 反复, 继续) He kept on phoning me, but I really didnt want to talk to him He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.,keep doing可表示连续不断的动作或持续的状态，keep on doing则没有这种用法。 We kept working in the fields in spite of the rain. Why do the dogs keep barking?,Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one being carbon dioxide.,the most important one being carbon dioxide 是一个独立主格结构，由“名词+分词”构成，在句中做状语，补充说明。,The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report.,独立主格结构还可以由“名词或代词主格 + adj. / adv. / to do / prep. phrase/ v-ing / p.p.” 构成。,1. _(时间允许的话), I will show you around the city. 2. _(今天是星期天), I dont have to go to work. 3. _(没有 人要说的话), the meeting was closed.,Time permitting,Today being Sunday,Nobody having any more to say,小试身手,2. Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.,这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句, 假设的情况通过介词短语without表示。类似用法的词或短语有but, but for, but that, otherwise, or等。 Without your help ( = If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded But for the note you left, I would have forgotten to close the door.,A rainbow is one of the most beautiful _ (现象) of nature. 2. The researchers have collected lots of _ (资料) about the quality of the air. 3. The government is taking measures to fight against air _ (污染). 4. The price of fruits and vegetables has remained _ (稳定的) this year.,Write the correct words.,phenomena,data,pollution,steady,5. The blue whale is known to be the largest animal in _ (存在). 6. Theres a growing t_ for people to w