2019高考英语词汇考查+题型练Unit1Alandofdiversity含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1李仕才 一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1(2015北京，25改编)He is a shy man，_he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 答案：butbut用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。2(2015北京，32改编)_the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 答案：Onceonce“一旦”。句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复。3(2015天津，12改编)We need to get to the root of the problem_we can solve it. 答案：before本题考查状语从句的连词。before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。4(2015湖南，33改编)_the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it. 答案：Although/Thoughalthough/though“虽然”(表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用)。句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。5(2015湖南，35改编)Thats why I help brighten peoples days.If you_，whos to say that another person will？ 答案：dont考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？（二）英汉互译1. California_2. Californian_3. illustrate vt. _4. distinct adj. _5. distinction n. _6. immigrant n._7. live on _8. strait n. _9. Bering _10. Arctic adj. _11. the Arctic _12. means n. _13. by means of _14. prehistoric adj. _15. majority n. _16. ministry n. _17. Catholic adj. n. _18. Alaska n. _19. San Francisco n. _20. adventurer n. _ 21. make a life _22. despite prep. _23. hardship n. _24. elect vt. _25. federal adj. _26. rail n. _27. percentage n. _28. Los Angeles n. _29. Italy n. _30. Italian n. adj. _31. Denmark n. _32. keep up _33. Hollywood n. _34. boom n. vi. _35. aircraft n. _36. Cambodian n. _37. Korea n. _38. Korean n. adj. _39. Pakistan n. _40. Pakistani adj. n. _41. immigrate vi. _42. immigration n. _43. racial adj. _44. crossing n. _45. vice n. & adj. _46. nephew n. _47. pole n. _48. applicant n. _49. customs n. _50. socialist n. adj. _51. socialism n. _52. occur vi. _53. cattle n. _54. Hispanic n. _55. indicate vt. _56. back to back _57. luggage n. （baggage）_58. shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) _59. cable n. _60. cable car _61. Andrew Hallidie _62. tram n. _63. apparent adj. _64. apparently adv. _65. brake n. Vi. & vt. _66. conductor n. _67. slip vi. n. _68. wharf n. _69. bakery n. _70. ferry n. vt. _71. Angel Island _72. team up with _73. hire vt. & n. _74. fascinating adj. _75. mark out _76. seagull n. _77. take in _78. angle n. _79. a great/good many _80. apply for _81. nowhere adv. _82. miserable adj. _83. punishment n. _84. justice n. _85. mourn vt. & vi. _86. civil adj. _87. authority n. _88. reform vt. & vi. n. _89. grasp vt. & n. _90. thoughtful adj. _91. thankful adj. _92. insert vt. _二、阅读理解AIt has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain. The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.Boston Universitys Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases ones risk of becoming obese. Whats more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol, a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.1.The passage is mainly for those_.A. who produce wineB. who have a drinking habitC. who go on a dietD. who are eager to lose weight2.The underlined phrase in moderation in the first paragraph means _.A. excitedlyB. carefullyC. frequentlyD. properly3.What can we learn from the passage?A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. How to do some easy experiments.B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.D. How to make wine in a healthy way.【文章大意】文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，告诉我们适量葡萄酒还会减肥。1.B【解析】推理判断题。文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，比如和肥胖、疾病等的关系。所以说是写给有喝酒习惯的人的，故选B。2.D【解析】猜测词义题。与上句形成对比，此处指适量饮酒的人事实上能减肥，moderation适度与D项同义，故选D。4.C【解析】推理判断题。文章最后讲到葡萄酒和红酒混合会破坏肥胖细胞，所以下文会证明这一观点，故选C。BThe old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.“In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore(民俗) researcher.“As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Years Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。1Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?ASetting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.BNowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.CPeople believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.DIn the past, setting off fireworks couldnt be seen almost anywhere.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。2What Li Shunzhi said implies Awhat people do during the festival now is different from the pastBpeople would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival EveCpeople prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a restDthe New Year holiday is just like any other dayA解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。3What can we learn from the last paragraph?AZhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.BZhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.CZhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.DZhang Hui lives in the urban area.B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张辉习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。4What does the whole passage show?AThe Spring Festival is as lively as before.BThe Spring Festival is outdated now.CThe Spring Festival is losing its qualities.DThe Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。三、七选五Learning another language is an exciting trip into a new world, and it can take some time and effort to get there. Luckily, there are a few easy ways to make your adventure go a lot more smoothly.Learn a little every day.One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day. 1 Studying for long periods can wear you out and limit your focus. Starting with small but regular sessions is the best way to keep your grammar and vocabulary fresh in your mind.Practice out loud. 2 Pronunciation is the key to learning another language and to making yourself understood by native speakers. Read sentences aloud from books or magazines in the language you re studying, or just read over your grammar exercises while youre practicing. Youll start to get used to the way the new words sound and feel.Close the books.From films to international websites, there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world. 3 Listen to international radio stations many of them are streaming over the Internet or look up the websites of newspapers in the language youre studying. You can keep learning another language while surfing the web or having a movie night with your friends! 4 Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing! Remember to