全新版大学英语第二册unit8课件

,B R _ main,An English Song Earth Song,About the Author Rachel Carson,About the Book Silent Spring,Background Information,Brainstorming,B R _ 2_main1,About the Author Rachel Carson,B R _ 2_main2,About the Author Rachel Carson,A brief introduction to Rachel Carson,Learn and think Her Quotes,B R _ 4_main,Background Information,Environmental Protection Organizations,Earth Day,B R _ 1.1,Earth Song Michael Jackson,An English Song Earth Song,What about sunrise What about rain What about all the That you said we were to gain. What about killing Is there a time What about all the things That you said was yours and mine.,things,_,fields,_,Directions: Listen to the song and fill in the blanks with what you hear.,B R _ 1.2,Did you ever stop to notice All the weve shed before Did you ever stop to notice The earth the weeping shores? What have we done to the world Look what weve done What about all the That you pledge your only son. What about fields,blood,_,crying,_,peace,_,flowering,_,B R _ 1.3,Is there a time What about all the That you said was yours and mine. Did you ever stop to notice All the children from war Did you ever stop to notice The crying earth the weeping shores,dreams,_,dead,_,B R _ 2_1.1,A brief introduction to Rachel Carson,B R _ 2_1.1_pop, Born: May 27, 1907 Birthplace: Springdale, Pennsylvania Occupation: marine biologist, writer Nationality: American Writing Period: 19371964 Genres: nature writing Subjects: marine biology, ecology, pesticides Notable work(s): Silent Spring Died: April 14, 1964 (aged 56) Silver Spring, Maryland,B R _ 2_1.2,Rachel Louise Carson (19071964) was an American marine biologist and nature writer whose writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement. In the late 1950s, Carson turned her attention to conservation and the environmental problems caused by synthetic pesticides. The result was Silent Spring (1962), which brought environmental concerns to an unprecedented portion of the American public. Silent Spring spurred a reversal in national pesticide policy ,B R _ 2_1.3,leading to a nationwide ban on DDT and other pesticides and the grassroots environmental movement the book inspired led to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. Carson was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Jimmy Carter.,B R _ pesticides,pesticides,B R _ DDT,DDT,B R _ environmental movement,environmental movement,B R _ Environmental Protection Agency,Environmental Protection Agency,B R _ Presidential Medal of Freedom,Presidential Medal of Freedom,B R _ 2_2.1,Learn and think Her Quotes,“Those who dwell among the beauties and mysteries of the Earth are never alone or weary of life.”,“No witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves.”,B R _ 2_2.2,Learn and think Her Quotes,“We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frosts familiar poem, they are not equally fair. The road we have long been traveling is deceptively easy, a smooth superhighway on which we progress with great speed, but at its end lies disaster. The other fork of the road the one less traveled by offers our last, our only chance to reach a destination that assures the preservation of the earth.”,B R _ 3,About the Book Silent Spring,B R _3_pop1,Silent Spring is a book written by Rachel Carson and published by Houghton Mifflin in September 1962. The book is widely 1) with helping launch the environmental movement. When Silent Spring was published, Rachel Carson was already a well-known writer on 2) , but had not previously been a social critic. The book was widely read, and 3) widespread public concerns with 4) and pollution of the environment. Silent Spring facilitated the 5) of the pesticide DDT in 1972 in the United States.,credited,_,natural history,_,inspired,_,pesticides,_,ban,_,B R _ 3_pop2,The book documented detrimental effects of pesticides on the environment, 6) on birds. Carson said that DDT had been found to cause thinner egg shells and result in 7) problems and death. She also accused the chemical industry of spreading disinformation, and public 8) of accepting industry claims uncritically.,particularly,_,productive,_,officials,_,B R _4_1.1,Environmental Protection Organizations,The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) 2. Green Peace 3. The Environmental Protection Agency,B R _ 1.1_pop1,1. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP),coordinates United Nations environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and practices. It was founded as a result of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in June 1972 and has its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya. UNEP also has six regional offices and various country offices.,B R _ 1.1_pop2,2. Green Peace: a large international pressure group that aims to protect the environment. Its members are well known for protecting the environment. They often go out in small boats to stop people from killing whales or throwing poisonous material into the sea.,B R _ 1.1_pop3,3. The Environmental Protection Agency: a US government organization that established rules and standards for protecting the environment, e.g. against pollution.,B R _ 4_1.2,Earth Day,Earth Day is a day designed to inspire awareness and appreciation for the Earths environment. It is on 22 April. It was founded by U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson (D-Wisconsin) as an environmental teach-in in 1970 and is celebrated in many countries every year. The first Earth Day was in 1970. Earth Day is similar to World Environment Day.,B R _5,Brainstorming,Directions: Work in groups and write down the words or phrases related to “environmental protection”, then group them by similarity.,G R _ main,Part Division of the Text,Further Understanding,G R _ Further Understanding_ main,For Part 1 Make sentences,For Part 2 Questions and Answers,For Part 3&4 True or False,Further Understanding,G R _ Part Division of the Text 1,Part Division of the Text,Parts,Para(s).,Main Ideas,1,12,2,36,A town in the heart of America, where all life lived in harmony with its surroundings.,The description of the same town which was now stricken with all kinds of maladies.,G R _ Part Division of the Text 2,Parts,Para(s).,Main Ideas,3,78,The cause of the maladies.,4,910,Though imagined, the tragedy may well become a reality and the author tells about her purpose in writing the book.,G R _ 2_1,Make sentences,Read this part and make sentences with the same meaning as the text. Try to use the words or phrases given below.,in harmony with prosperous farm clouds of bloom foxes deer delighted the travelers eye in winter flood of migrants,G R _ 2_2.1,Questions and Answers,1. What should spring be like? What does “a silent spring” mean?,Spring should be throbbing with life, full of birdsong. “A silent spring” means a lifeless spring.,2. What do the roadsides look like now?,The roadsides are now lined with withered vegetation as though swept by fire.,3. The author mentioned a white granular powder that falls like snow. What do you guess it is?,Probably it is the remains of pesticides or other deadly chemicals.,2. The white granular powder was spread by people themselves.,G R _2_3.1,True or False,1. White granular powder had fallen upon the roofs and the lawns, the fields and streams some weeks before.,F,They were not the persons who spread the powder, but the ones who should be responsible for this consequence.,T,( ),( ),G R _2_3.2,3. Actually, the misfortunes have happened somewhere in the world.,T,( ),4. People know clearly of what they should do nowadays.,F,Many people havent realized the great impact they had made on their surroundings.,( ),D R _ Text 1,In the dramatic opening to her book, Silent Spring, Rachel Carson paints a disturbing picture of an America suffering from a mysterious series of misfortunes that strike both animals and humans. What, she leaves us wondering, might be the cause?,D R _ Text 2,There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the autumn mornings.,A Fable for Tomorrow,Rachel Carson,D R _ Text 3,Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wild flowers, delighted the travellers eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people travelled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams,D R _ Text 4,which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells and built their barns.,Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died.,D R _ Text 5,Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours. There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example where had they gone? Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the,D R _ Text 6,backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of,other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh.,D R _ Text 7,On the farms the hens brooded, but no chicks were hatched. The farmers complained that they were unable to raise any pigs the litters were small and the young survived only a few days. The apple trees were coming into bloom but no bees droned among the blossoms, so there was no pollination and there would be no fruit. The roadsides, once so attractive, were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire. These too, were silent, deserted by all living things. Even the streams were now lifeless. Anglers no longer visited them, for all the fish had died.,D R _ Text 8,In the gutters under the eaves and between the shingles of the roofs, white granular powder still showed a few patches; some weeks before it had fallen like snow upon the roofs and the lawns, the fields and streams.,No witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves.,D R _ Text 9,This town does not actually exist, but it might easily have a thousand counterparts in America or elsewhere in the world. I know of no community that has experienced all the misfortunes I describe. Yet every one of these disasters has actually happened somewhere, and many,real communities have already suffered a substantial number of them. A grim spectre has crept upon us almost unnoticed, and this imagined tragedy may easily become a stark reality we all shall know.,D R _ Text 10,What has already silenced the voices of spring in countless towns in America? This book is an attempt to explain.,D R _ S_ In autumn ,Paraphrase the sentence.,In autumn, the leaves of oaks, maples and birches turned bright red against a background of green pines.,In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of colour that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,秋季到来时，橡树、枫树和白桦树五彩缤纷，在大片松林的衬托下如同一片火海，熠熠生辉。,D R _ S_ The countryside ,The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people travelled from great distances to observe them.,Understand the long sentence.,This is a compound sentence connected with the transitional word “and”. In the second main clause, a sub-clause of time “when the flood of” is used.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,事实上，这里的乡村鸟类品种丰富，数量可观，因此远近闻名。每当大批候鸟在春秋之际蜂拥而至，许多人远道赶来观看。,D R _ S_ So it had been ,What does the author mean by saying “it had been from the days many years ago when”?,She means that the land had been known for abundance and bio-diversity for a long time.,So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells and built their barns.,后来，一种奇怪的疫病在这个地区悄悄蔓延开来，一切不再依旧。这个社区中了一种什么邪，一群群鸡很快都染上了神秘的疾病，牛羊纷纷病死。,D R _ S_ Then a strange ,Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died.,What does the author mean by a “strange blight” and “evil spell”?,She refers to the shadow of death. Chickens, cattle and sheep began to die of mysterious maladies. People were stricken with strange sicknesses and some of them died.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,D R _ S_ The roadsides ,Whats the function of “as though”?,Here the author used a figure of speech, simile to make her expression more vivid and clear.,Whats her purpose by saying so?,She focuses on the severe consequence caused by the pollution.,The roadsides, once so attractive, were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire.,D R _ S_ This town does ,This town does not actually exist, but it might easily have a thousand counterparts in America or elsewhere in the world.,这座小镇在现实世界中并不存在，但是在美国和世界的其他地方，很可能会轻而易举地有数千个遭遇到与其类似命运的小镇出现。,Why does the author want to say by using “it might?,“might” is used here to express a possibility that it may happen or may be true such things did have happened in America or elsewhere in the world.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,D R _ S_ What has already ,What has already silenced the voices of spring in countless towns in America?,是什么东西使无数美国小镇的春天鸦雀无声？,What should spring be like? What does “silenced the voices of spring” mean?,Spring should be throbbing with life, full of birdsong. “Silenced the voices of spring” means the spring has already been made lifeless.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,D R _ word _ in harmony with1,in harmony with: agree with another idea, feeling etc., or look good with other things,Your suggestions are not in harmony with the aims of this project.,我们的行为应该与话语相一致。,Our actions should be in harmony with our words.,D R _ word _ in harmony with2,Collocation:,与协调一致,be in harmony with,与不协调一致,be out of harmony with,和睦相处,live in harmony,D R _ word _ surroundings,surroundings: n. everything that is around or near sb./sth.,The house is set in beautiful surroundings near Lake Coniston.,We work more happily in pleasant surroundings.,D R _ word _ in the midst of,in the midst of: among or with; while (sth.) is happening,The government is in the midst of a major crisis.,他在暴雨中离开了公寓。,He left his flat in the midst of a rainstorm.,D R _ word _ prosperous,prosperous: adj. rich and successful,Im sure you can build a prosperous business in China.,After their misfortunes the family slowly became prosperous.,D R _ word _ bloom1,bloom: 1. n. a flower, especially one cultivated for its beauty,Fall leaves make the Japanese mad, just like the cherry bloom in the spring.,苹果树正在开花。,The apple trees were in bloom.,2. vi. produce flowers; be in flower.,Some of my last roses of summer are even more beautiful than the first ones that bloomed in early spring.,Everything in the garden was blooming lovely!,D R _ word _bloom 2,Collocation:,开花,come into bloom/blossom,花已落,be out of bloom/blossom,花盛开着,in (full) bloom/blossom,明日黄花，已失去新颖感或应时价值的事物,the bloom is off the rose,bloom, blossom以及flower均可作名词和动词，意为“花，开花”。其不同点是：bloom 尤指“大的、供观赏的花，诸如牡丹、玫瑰、梅花、菊花等; blossom 指树木开花，尤指果树上开的花。flower指开放的花朵或泛指花卉。,NB:,D R _ word _ flame,flame: vi. become suddenly bright with light or colour, especially red or orange,A great fire flamed in an open fireplace.,His face flamed with embarrassment.,D R _ word _ bark1,bark: 1. vi. make the short loud sound that a dog makes,Have you ever seen a dog barking at the moon?,这只狗对陌生人吠叫。,The dog barks at strangers.,2. vt. say something quickly in a loud voice,The captain barked into the microphone, “Attention everyone!”,他开始厉声下达命令。,He began barking out his orders.,D R _ word _ mist1,mist: n. a light cloud low over the ground that makes it difficult for you to see very far,We could just see the outline of the house through the mist.,The mist along the river banks had gone by mid morning.,mist 指轻雾，气象学上称作霭。例如： fog 指较浓的雾。例如：,D R _ word _ mist2,mist, fog & smog 这三个词都是名词，都可表示“雾”之意。,CF:,The peaks were shrouded in mist.,山峰笼罩在雾霭中。,We get heavy fogs on the coast in winter.,这里的海边冬季有浓雾。,D R _ word _ mist3,smog 指工业区的烟和雾相混而造成的又黑又浓的烟雾。 例如：,The river appeared as if enveloped in smog.,那条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。,D R _ word _ feed on1,feed on: look for and eat (as ones