（浙江专用）2020版高考英语一轮复习组合练第3练阅读理解七选五练习.docx

第3练 阅读理解 七选五.阅读理解A(2018陕西西安地区八校联考)Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.Whenhefinishedschool，hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Later，hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingthere，hedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”Thiswas，basically，ahandoperatedmechanicalcalculator.Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.Itsabasicmechanicalcomputer.Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hedidntonlydream; hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpowerfulcomputers!Hisdesignscontainedprocessors，controlunits，amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!Alas! His“seconddifferenceengine”couldntuseelectricitysincethishadntyetbecomeausablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreason，themachinewasbig，complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine，hecouldntbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbages“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhightechmillionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.Babbagesanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(纺织) industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns，buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime!1WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？AInLondon.BAthighschool.CAtCambridge.DInScienceMuseum.2The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991.AforanAmericanmillionaireBinmemoryofBabbageCtotestitsabilitytouseelectricityDfortextileindustrytomakepatterns3Whatcanweinferfromthetext?ABabbagesenginesdidntrunonprograms.BTextilepatternsareproducedwithprograms.CBabbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers.DBabbagesanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.BWithgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze，autumnisthemostbeautifulseasonintheyear.Thisisagreattimetogooutsideandhavefun.Gotoavalleytoseeredmapletrees，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.However，formanyhighschoolstudents，thesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodo，theyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexams.Ofcourse，studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmorethanthat.Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoingso，welosetherealpurposeoflifetobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.Students，takesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth，talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforunderstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbodyandmind.Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.Chinesecraftsman，LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadntwalkedoutside，hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadntrestedunderthatappletree，thenhewouldnthavebeenhitbyanapple，andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardwork，butachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon，giveyourbrainagoodrest.Stepoutofthebooksandgetyourbagreadyforanautumnouting.Wearesureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingjourney.4Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion?AParagraph1.BParagraph2.CParagraph5.DParagraph4.5Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents?ATheyareunhappytodoso.BTheirparentsdontallowthemtodoso.CTheythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem.DTheyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighmarksintheexams.6Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.AmakingpredictionsBreasoningandgivingexamplesCdescribingthebeautifulsceneryinautumnDpointingoutthepresentsituationofhighschoolstudents7Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage?ANatureispower.BAllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.CTheauthorisnthappywithoureducationatall.DGoingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.CWhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass，amonitorafewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifersLosAngelesapartment，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslockedremotelytopreventInternetsearches，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas：Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？Orwassheslowingdown?Inthebattleagainstcheating，thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating，expertssay，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalidthatstudentshaventjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade，theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlinecourses.”Privatecolleges，publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield.Spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents，whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhightechmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthatcheckstudentsidentitiesusingpersonalinformation，suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversityclasses，termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.8WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?ATocorrecthertypingmistakes.BTofindhersecretsintheroom.CTopreventherfromslowingdown.DTokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.9Theunderlinedexpression“cuttingedge”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto.AadvancedtechniqueBsharpeningtoolCeffectiveruleDdividingline10Theauthorofthispassagewantstotellus.AwhattheInterneteducationisBtheimportanceofthewebcameratodayCwhenthestudentscancheatDhowtobeatstudentsexamcheatingonline.七选五(2018江西红色七校联考)DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理学家) havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness，butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy, researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.11Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear，Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones，andisntmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still，chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments，psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengersomethingtheytypicallyavoided.12Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith，andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员)，reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易)13Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers，thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.14Inonestudy，peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown，andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露)Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.15AThesameistrueofgallerygoers.BTheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.CButdontplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.DOfcourse，somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.EA“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded，canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”FMakingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.GThosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.答案精析组合练.1C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When he finished school，he went to study mathematics at Cambridge University.Later，he got a job teaching at the university.While working there，he designed his first difference engine”可知，巴贝奇在剑桥大学计划他的“first difference engine”。故选C。2B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It was not until almost 160 years later that Babbages second difference engine was finally manufactured.The first working version of this machine was built by the Science Museum in London，for the Babbage bicentenary in 1991.”可知，the “second difference engine”在1991年被制造是为了纪念巴贝奇诞辰二百周年。故选B。3C推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了巴贝奇对计算机发明作出的巨大贡献。由此可知，巴贝奇可以被看作是计算机之父。语篇解读文中作者列举了当今高中生忙于学习没时间外出的现状，说明了外出会有很多收获，鼓励学生们走出去，去获取更多东西。4C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，作者认为外出是一种增加生活经验的机会，我们会从激动人心的旅程中获得更多的知识。本段总结了作者的观点。故选C。5D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，高中生们有大量的作业要做，要把所有的时间用于学习考高分。对于他们来说外出活动就是一个梦想。故选D。6B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In doing so，we lose the real purpose of lifeto be a valuable and happy person.To enjoy just how great it is to be alive，we have to put down our books and pens and look around us.”可知是运用了论证的方法；第四段中的“Lu Ban，created a saw to help woodworkers.We could