2019届高考英语一轮基础选习题模块4Unit2Sportingevents（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Unit 2 Sporting events李仕才一、阅读理解。A gunman killed two members of a television news crew in the United States earlier this week.Their TV station broadcast the shooting“live” in real time.The shooting shocked many Americans and people around the world.One US teenager wants to help prevent such attacks.Kai Kloepfer lives in Boulder，Colorado.He has a talent for technology.He has been teaching himself engineering skills since he was a child.Hearing of so many gun attacks，he decided to use his skills to help prevent mass shootings.The young mans goal was to make a gun that would not work in the hands of a killer.But he knew it would be impossible for him to stop dangerous people from buying guns.So he changed direction.He decided to create a gun designed to prevent accidental shootings.The gun Kai Kloepfer designed only works when unlocked by the fingerprint of the owner，and not by anyone else.The gun only recognizes the touch of its owner.It took the teenager seven months and over 1,500 hours to create a plastic model of his“smart gun”He entered his fingerprint handgun in a local science fair and won.His award included a financial prize.He received$50,000.The money is to support improvement in gun safety.Kai Kloepfer is now 18 years old.He has been using the grant money to improve the technology.He says the weapon he designed doesnt change the function of a firearm at all.It just makes it safer.He is now working to add the fingerprint lock technology to a real gun.He says he expects to one day see his “smart gun”for sale next to other firearms.The young man plans to spend the next year improving his fingerprint handgun.Then he will start college at one of the worlds top universitiesthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology.1Why does Kai Kloepfer try to invent the gun?ATo prevent people from buying guns.BTo protect peoples lives.CTo limit functions of a gun.DTo reduce power of a gun.2The gun created by Kai Kloepfer is controlled by the owners fingerprint to _.Akeep it convenient to useBmake it safe to carry aroundCprotect its owner from harmDavoid being used by others3How is the progress of Kai Kloepfers gun invention?AIt is being shown in a fair.BIt is under further research.CIt will soon come into the market.DIt needs designing once again.4Whats Kai Kloepfers wish for his fingerprint gun?AIt will bring enough money for him.BIt will replace traditional guns.CIt can be sold on the market.DIt can help forbid the use of guns.【解题导语】本篇文章是记叙文，讲述了美国一名科技爱好青年Kai Kloepfer改良枪支的故事。1B考查推理判断。根据第二段的“Hearing of so many gun attacks, he decided to use his skills to help prevent mass shootings”和第三段的“He decided to create a gun designed to prevent accidental shootings”可推知，选项B“为了保护人们的生命”是正确的，所以选B。2D考查推理判断。根据第三段的“The gun Kai Kloepfer designed only works when unlocked by the fingerprint of the owner，and not by anyone else.The gun only recognizes the touch of its owner”可知，Kai Kloepfer设计的枪只有枪的主人用指纹才能打开，而其他任何人都无法使用该枪。这支枪只识别其主人的触摸。因此选项D“避免被别人使用”正确。3B考查推理判断。根据第五段的“He has been using the grant money to improve the technology”和“He is now working to add the fingerprint lock technology to a real gun”可知，他一直在使用这笔奖金来提高技术，并致力于把指纹锁技术运用到真枪中。选项B“手枪的技术正在深入研究之中”是可以推理出来的，所以选B。4C考查细节理解。根据第五段的“He says he expects to one day see his smart gunfor sale next to other firearms”可知，他期待有一天看到他的智能手枪像其他枪一样被出售，所以选C。二、单项选择。1.He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B. thatC. it D. 不填 【答案】C2.With the increasing unemployment rate, workers who are 50 to 60 years old are usually the first _.A. laid off B. to lay off C. laying off D. to be laid off【答案】D【解析】the first to do的结构。被解雇，用被动式to be laid off。句意：随着失业率的上升，五六十岁的工人经常是最早的一批被解雇的。3.There is plenty of food, water and sunshine, and our friends are living there, _.A. warm and comfortableB. warmly and comfortablyC. warm and comfortablyD. warmly and comfortable【答案】A【解析】句意：那里有充足的食物、水和阳光，我们的朋友住在那里，无比温暖和舒适。形容词短语作状语，表示伴随情况。4.I cant think why he _ so angry. I meant no offence.Its typical of him to be sensitive.A. should have been B. must have beenC. might have been D. can have been【答案】A【解析】should have been本应该；must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”；might have been表示对过去事情的推测，可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。can have been表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？。句意：“我认为他本不该这么生气，我并没有冒犯的意思。”“他是个典型敏感的人。”此处指我认为他不该生气，结果他生气了。用“本不该”。注意“I cant think”否定的转移。5.It is reported that Papiss Cisse and Jonny Evans were charged with spitting by the Football Association.I think spitting is one of the most disgusting things that _ happen in the game, but yet it is not the worst.A. must B. shall C. should D. can【答案】D【解析】can在这里意为“有时会”，表示常有的行为和情形。句意：我认为随地吐痰是比赛中可能发生的最恶心的事情之一，但还不是最糟糕的事情。6.“He _ lived well on his good looks, but instead he chose to thrive(成功)on his talent.” People praised Ning Zetao like this.A. should have B. must have C. might have D. could have【答案】D7.How is the smog control going on in our capital city?It couldnt be worse. You _ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday.A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt【答案】A【解析】wont在这里意为“不会”，符合语境。句意：你可能不会相信，北京雾霾昨天从黄色警报上升到橙色警报，然后又到红色警报了。8.His way of addressing one hard problem last Friday _ lead to the rise of another.A. would rather B. may well C. shall D. need【答案】B【解析】may well意为“很可能”，符合句意。句意：他上周五解决的一个难题的方法很可能会引发另一个难题。9.Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I dont think I _ because my director was there.A. need have B. needed to C. need to have D. need to【答案】A【解析】I dont think I need have(attended).要注意否定的转移，意为“过去本不必做某事，但是却做了”，符合题意。句意：我去参加昨天的会议了，但是我认为我本不需要去的，因为我们的厂长也在那。10.It was such a difficult examination that a lot of students were unable to finish it on time.Thats the case. Its hard to accept the fact that over 90% of my classmates _.A. should fail B. should have failedC. will fail D. may fail【答案】B11.Ms. Dicks said the organization wants to reach out to women who otherwise _ studying IT-related subjects. A. would have avoidedB. would avoidC. avoidedD. avoid【答案】B【解析】由句中的otherwise“否则，要不然”可知，此处是一个含蓄条件句，且由句中的“wants”可知，此处是对与现在事实相反的情况的虚拟，故用would do结构。句意：Dicks女士说该组织想向女性伸出援手，要不然她们就不会学习与IT相关的科目。12.Many plants could _ northward and toward the Pacific coast in reaction torising temperatures and changes in rainfall.A. remove B. formC. resist D. move【答案】D【解析】move运动，移动。句意：许多植物可以向北移到太平洋沿岸，以应对温度的上升和降水的变化。13.We are now enjoying the cool air in the room. _, the farmers are harvesting crops in the hot sun .A. Therefore B. BesidesC. As a result D. In the meanwhile【答案】D【解析】题中前后两句表达不同的意思，没有因果关系，故可排除 A 和 C 项。第二句话也不是对第一句话的补充，故可排除 B 项。in the meantime与此同时，符合题意。句意：我们现在正在享受房间里面的凉爽的空气，与此同时，农民们正在炎热的太阳下收获庄稼。14.I guess I must leave now. See you tomorrow._! I have some important information for you.A. Hang on B. Never mindC. All right D. Take care【答案】A【解析】句意：“我想我得走了。明天见。”“等一下，我有重要的事要告诉你。”hang on稍等，不挂断，符合句意。15._ it is a good thing I didnt get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I was disappointed at the time.A. By the way B. In a wayC. In the way D. In no way【答案】B【解析】in a way在某种程度上；in no way决不；by the way顺便提一下；in the way碍事。句意：我没有得到我申请的工作，在某种程度上说是件好事，尽管我承认当时我很失望。三、完形填空。That was a sunny day.My father and I were on the way _1_ my uncles home.People on the street were walking leisurely and chatting _2_ ，while my father was walking in a hurry.I tried my best to _3_ him.But I was still left behind.I could not understand why he _4_ so fast.Due to the fast speed，I lost my _5_ and was completely with sweat.Somehow，I began to be angry at him.He always did not think about my_6_.“Why do you walk so fast? Dont you see me behind you？”I said _7_.“You are always like this.Why must you _8_ so loudly？”he said and his face got red right away.In fact，I deliberately spoke loudly and made him angry.“It is your _9_ ！”I shouted at him immediately.“You always like to _10_ others！”he cried out.This made me fall into a rage(愤怒)Then we _11_ on the street.Whatever he said，I quickly answered back.At that time，I was like a wild beast，losing my temper.Many people stopped to look at us.I was so _12_ that I could feel my face burning，for I saw some people _13_ me，which made me lose face.I touched my face _14_ glared at him.“I will never talk to him，”I said to myself angrily._15_ could make people forget everything that your beloved had done for you.When I went to college，I still hated him.I did not say anything to him，_16_ I were not his daughter.Always I pretended to complain that I was too_17_ when he called me.However，it was his tears from the wornout_18_ that made me feel guilty when we met.He had given me everything he had，but I could not._19_ ，I realized that I should not hate him.Now I begin to phone him and ask him to take care of himself.Although sometimes parents will _20_ wrong，they just hope we can be better.1A.at BtoCfor Dof2A.perfectly BeagerlyCanxiously Denjoyably3A.make fun of Bcatch up withCmake way for Dget rid of4A.walked BranCstarted Dtrained5A.temper BconfidenceCbreath Dbalance6A.beliefs BbehaviorCfeelings Drequests7A.calmly BfrequentlyCsoftly Dloudly8A.tell BclaimCread Dspeak9A.fault BcrueltyCorigin Dbusiness10A.enjoy BadmireCblame Dabuse11A.fought BbargainedCconsulted Dquarreled12A.alarmed BafraidCashamed Damazed13A.asking for Blaughing atCwaiting for Daiming at14A.and BsoCbut Dor15A.Anger BSenseCCare DShame16A.in case Bas ifCunless Dafter17A.wrong BcrazyCbusy Dinnocent18A.arm BfaceChead Dbody19A.Naturally BOccasionallyCObviously DGradually20A.do BgiveCfind Dkeep【解题导语】作者因一件小事和父亲在大街上争吵，致使自己颜面尽失，于是下定决心不再与父亲说话。但随着岁月的流逝，作者意识到是愤怒让自己忘记了自己最爱的人为自己所做的一切，于是逐渐改变了自己对父亲的态度。1B根据语境可知，作者与父亲是在去叔叔家的路上。on the way to.意为“在去的路上”，符合语境。故选B项。2D该句中while表示对比，意为“然而”。此处是说作者和父亲走得比较匆忙，而街上的其他人走得比较悠闲，边走边开心地(enjoyably)聊着天。故选D项。perfectly意为“完美地”；eagerly意为“急切地”；anxiously意为“焦虑地”。3B从下文的I was still left behind可知，父亲走得很快，作者试图赶上他，但是仍然被落在了后面。catch up with意为“赶上”，符合语境。故选B项。make fun of意为“取笑”；make way for意为“给让路”；get rid of意为“摆脱；除去”。4A根据第二段开头的Why do you walk so fast？可知，此处指作者不知道为什么父亲走(walked)得那么快。故选A项。5C根据空后的completely with sweat可知，由于走得太快，作者气喘吁吁、汗流浃背。lose ones breath意为“喘不过气来”，符合语境。故选C项。temper意为“脾气”；confidence意为“信心”；balance意为“平衡”。6C根据上文中的I began to be angry at him可知，作者对父亲很生气，认为他根本不考虑作者的感受(feelings)。故选C项。belief意为“信念”；behavior意为“行为；举止”；request意为“请求；要求”。7D上文提到作者很生气，所以说话的声音应该是很大的。根据第8空后的so loudly也可知答案。故选D项。calmly意为“平静地”； frequently意为“频繁地”；softly意为“温柔地”。8D根据下文的In fact，I deliberately spoke loudly and.可知，此处指父亲埋怨作者说话声音大。故选D项。9A作者责怪父亲走太快，自己跟不上，因此，此处指作者认为这都是父亲的过错(fault)。故选A项。cruelty意为“残忍”；origin意为“起源”；business意为“事情；商业”。10C作者在埋怨父亲，而此时父亲也非常生气。因此，父亲在说作者总是责备(blame)别人。故选C项。enjoy意为“喜欢”；admire意为“欣赏”；abuse意为“虐待；滥用”。11D根据下文Whatever he said，I quickly answered back.At that time, I was like a wild beast，losing my temper.可知，作者大发脾气，与父亲在大街上吵了起来，所以选quarreled，意为“争吵”。fight意为“打架”；bargain意为“讨价还价”；consult意为“咨询”。12C根据空后的I could feel my face burning可知，和父亲吵架引来很多路人驻足观看，作者感觉自己的脸滚烫，因此可推断，作者感到羞愧(ashamed)。alarmed意为“担忧的；恐慌的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；amazed意为“惊奇的”。13B由空后的made me lose face可知，作者觉得很丢人，因为看到路人在嘲笑她。laugh at意为“嘲笑”，符合语境。故选B项。ask for意为“请求；要求”；wait for意为“等待”；aim at意为“针对；以为目标”。14A句意为：我摸了摸我的脸，怒视着他。touched和glared是作者先后做的两个并列的动作，所以用and连接。15A文中反复提到angry，通过对与父亲吵架的描述可知，此处指生气能让人忘记你所爱的人为你做的一切。故选A项。16B设空后的I were not his daughter为虚拟语气，作者因怒生恨，吵架后不与父亲说话，就好像自己不是父亲的女儿似的。as if意为“好像”，符合语境。in case意为“以防”；unless意为“除非”；after意为“在之后”。17C父亲每次打电话时，作者总是抱怨太忙。busy意为“忙碌的”，符合语境。故选C项。wrong意为“错误的”；crazy意为“疯狂的”；innocent意为“无辜的”。18B眼泪应该是从脸上流下来，所以选face。句意为：但是，当我们见面时，父亲那饱经沧桑的脸上流下的泪水使我感到内疚。19D根据空后的I realized that I should not hate him可知，作者越来越理解父亲，认识到不应该再恨父亲，此处强调的是一个心理逐渐变化的过程。gradually意为“慢慢地；逐渐地”，符合语境。故选D项。naturally意为“自然地”occasionally意为“偶然”；obviously意为“明显地”。20A尽管有时候父母会做错事，但是他们希望我们能更好。此处指可能会做错事，所以选A项。四、七选五。The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. 1 But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.1. If youre obese, blame your genes. 2 Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.2. If youre obese, you lack self-control.Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. 3 Even the most vigilant(警觉的) people may not be good controllers of themselves.3. 4 Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the food deserts, about 65 percent of the nations population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.4. The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we dont exercise.Michelle Obamas Lets Move campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. 5 In fact, although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have