2018届高考英语一轮复习Unit2ProtectingOurHome学案重庆大学版.docx

Unit 2Protecting Our Home一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.deserve_vt.应受，应得 2.damage_n. 损害；损毁vt./vi. 损害 3.issuen. 问题；争论点 4.replacement n代替；更换replacevt.代替，取代；更换，调换5.consumption n消费(量)consumevt.消耗，耗费consumern消费者，用户6.preserve vt.保护；维护preservationn保护7.negative adj.消极的positiveadj.积极的8.significant adj.重大的；有意义的significancen意义；重要性；意思9.consequence n结果consequentadj.随之发生的consequentlyadv.因此，所以10.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的endangervt.危及；危害dangern危险；危害dangerousadj.危险的11.undesirable adj.不合意的；不需要的desirableadj.令人满意的，值得要的desirevt.想要；要求n.欲望；要求，心愿12.thoroughly adv.彻底地；完全地thoroughadj.彻底的；完全的13.inspection n检查；视察inspectvt.检查；视察inspectorn检查员；巡视员14.innocent adj.无辜的；无罪的；无知的innocencen清白；无罪；天真无邪15.illegal adj.非法的；违法的legaladj.合法的；法律的16.exist vi.存在；生存existencen存在1.I believe that you are innocent (innocence), and Ill stand up for you anywhere.2.As is known to all, the legal things should be protected and anything illegal must be banned.(legal) 3.The tiger endangered the safety of the deer, but the endangered deer dealt with the dangerous situation decidedly and smartly.Now it was out of danger.(danger)4.The organization was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction and the preservation was of great benefit. (preserve)5.In order to ensure success, we discussed the task thoroughly and made a thorough plan. (thorough)6.The inspector from the Food Safety Inspection Bureau inspected the food shop and found the meat was bad. (inspect) 7.Learn to use the replacement method of replacing the old parts with the new ones. (replace)8.It has been proved that water exists on the planet. Its existence is vital for living things.(exist)9.The central feature of contemporary society is consumption rather than saving. Every one of us is a consumer and we consume a lot every day.(consume)1. “破坏”动词清单damage损坏；毁坏destroy 破坏；毁坏ruin 毁坏；使覆灭break 打破；损坏2“彻底地，完全地”副词全记住thoroughly 完全地completely 完全地entirely 彻底地wholly 全部地totally 全部地3.“态度”形容词大联欢negative否定的positive 肯定的subjective 主观的objective 客观的optimistic 乐观的pessimistic 悲观的favorable 赞成的approving 赞成的energetic 积极的active 积极的4.“问题”名词全扫描issue问题，事情problem 疑难问题matter 事件，问题question 问题；论点5盘点un前缀形容词undesirable 不合意的unable 未能；无法unbelievable 难以置信的unbearable 无法接受的uncertain 无把握二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.blame_._on_.把责任推给2.by_accident 偶然3.throw_away 扔掉；丢弃4.a_great_deal_of 大量 5.get_rid_of 摆脱；除去 6.on_the_other_hand 另一方面 7.help_out 帮助摆脱困境 8.make_sure 确定；确保 9.be_based_on 根据10.depend_on 依靠 11.at_least 至少 12.take_action 采取行动；行动起来13.even_worse 更糟的是14.deal_with 处理；对付15.be_aware_of 意识到1.On the one hand, I want to sell the house, but on_the_other_hand I cant bear the thought of moving.2.Yesterday I was wandering in the street when I met my neighbor by_accident.3.Many schools have breakfast clubs to make_sure that children get a healthy start to the day.4.Governments should be encouraged to get_rid_of nuclear weapons.5.Li Ming is the only one of my close friends that has helped me out.6.Well have nowhere to live in the future unless we take_action to protect the earth now.7.A_great_deal_of talking that occurs under casual circumstances may seem to be aimless.1.“v.away”短语荟萃throw away扔掉；丢弃give away 赠送；泄露put away 放好；收拾好take away 带走；拿走break away 脱离send away 开除；解雇2.由at least想到的not in the least一点也不least of all 最不；尤其不last but not least 最后但同样重要的at most 至多三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.It took seven years and a great deal of money to finally get rid of the invaders.人们花了七年的时间和大量的金钱，终于摆脱了这些入侵者。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “花费某人多长时间做某事”。她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。It_took_her_a_while_to_adapt_to her new job.2.The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water.这个世界不仅存在饥饿，而且还缺水。not only . but also . “不仅而且”，本句中它连接的是两个表语。一方面，这不仅有助于我们强身健体，而且反过来有助于更高效地学习。(2015广东高考写作)For one thing, it not_only_helps_to_build_up_our_physical_health,_but_also helps us learn more efficiently in turn.3.Only ifwe take steps to deal with this problem now can we avoid a severe worldwide water shortage later on.只有现在采取措施解决这一问题，我们才能避免以后严重的世界性水资源短缺。“only状语从句”位于句首，后面主句用部分倒装。直到他又一次失败，他才承认他的英语能力很有限。Only after he failed a third time did_he_admit that his English ability was quite limited.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1preserve vt.保护；维护；保存(使免受破坏)；保留n.保护区教材原句We should preservenature for everyone to enjoy.我们应该保护自然，以供大家享用。preserve sb./sth. from .保护某人/某物免受well preserved 保存完好nature preserve 自然保护区Social activities usually preserve old people from the loneliness of old age.社交活动通常防止老年人晚年孤独。In this nature_preserve,_all the rare plants are well_preserved.在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好。联想发散与preserve .from .结构类似的短语还有：stop .from ., prevent .from ., keep . from ., protect .from .等。2deserve vt.应受，应得；值得教材原句You deserve a gold medal for your love of nature and your positive attitude toward all living things.因为你对自然的热爱和对所有生命的积极态度，你应该得到一枚金牌。deserve to do应该做；值得做deserve to be donedeserve doing值得被做deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意I work hard and I think I deserve to_be_well_paid.我努力工作，我认为我该领到高工资。Its true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to_lose (lose) her job. 她的确犯了错，但她不应该被解雇。联想发散deserve doing与deserve to be done的意义相同，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，其他用法相同的词语还有：need, want, require, be worth等。3consequence n结果高考佳句As a consequence, they agreed to my advice, and everything went well as planned.(2015浙江高考书面表达)结果，他们同意了我的建议，一切都按计划顺利进行。因此，结果(副词) 由于，因为缘故(介词)(3)consequent adj. 必然的；因结果而引起的consequently adv. 因此；结果 It is raining now and as a consequence the match will have to be delayed. 现在正下雨，因此比赛将不得不被推迟了。As a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently.因为吸烟的缘故，我父亲经常咳嗽。She was a bright and eager student and, consequently (consequence), did well in school.她是个聪明好学的学生， 因此学习成绩很好。4damage n损害；损毁vt./vi.损害教材原句Only a few dozen are harmful but the damage caused costs the country more than 57 billion yuan a year. 只有几十个物种是有害的，但造成的损害使我们国家一年损失570多亿元。damage sb.s career/reputation/name/health损害某人的事业/名誉/健康do/cause damage to . 对造成损害Recently, however, scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to peoples health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。You should not do the things that might damage_your_reputation.你不应该做那些可能损害你名誉的事情。5replace vt.代替，取代；更换，调换经典例句Teachers will never be replacedby computers in class.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。(1)replace . with/by .用替换in place of/take the place of 代替(2)replacement n. 代替；更换John is ill and I want to know who is going to take the place of him.约翰病了，我想知道谁要代替他。In addition, we supply small parts for replacement (replace)此外，我们还提供备用小零件。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1Many people didnt drive to work as a consequence of the heavy fog. 2We have taken effective measures to_preserve (preserve) our natural resources.3More and more animals become endangered (endanger) because of human beings hunting.4We found the meeting room thoroughly (thorough) cleaned and everything arranged in good order.5Most scientists believe that water doesnt exist on the surface of the moon. 6The accident caused some damage to my car, but its nothing serious.(2013辽宁高考单选)7The reference book I bought yesterday is of great significance to your history.8The more he insisted he_was_innocent (他是无辜的), the more they seemed not to believe him.重难点多练1deserve面面观(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Our team deserved to_win (win) the match with the hard training.What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyones ideas deserve consideration/to_be_considered/considering (consider)(2)一句多译我们都认为这个问题值得进一步商讨。We all think the problem deserves_a_further_discussion.We all think the problem deserves_further_discussing.We all think the problem deserves_to_be_further_discussed.2replace多棱镜(1)介、副词填空It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance.(2)一句多译没有人可以取代她父亲在她心目中的位置。No_one_can_replace_her_father_in_her_heart.(replace)No_one_can_take_the_place_of_her_father_in_her_heart.(take the place of)No_one_can_take_her_fathers_place_in_her_heart.(take ones place).阅读词汇专练根据语境选出issue的词性和词义(A)n.问题，焦点(B)n.发行物，期刊(C)vt.发布 (D)vt.发行1They issued an update on the snow forecast._C_2Banknotes of this design were first issued 10 years ago._D_3They will debate the environmentalissue next week._A_4The currentissue of the journal is not available now._B_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1on the other hand另一方面教材原句On the other hand,inspections in countries such as the US are not as effective. 另一方面，诸如美国等国的检查也没有如期效果。(1)on the one hand .; on the other hand .一方面；另一方面(却)(2)first(ly) .; second(ly) .第一；第二(3)for one thing .; for another . 一则；二则On_the_one_hand,_I have strong belief that I will do well in the exam; on_the_other_hand,_I feel a bit nervous, though its not difficult.(2014四川高考书面表达)一方面，我坚信会在考试中做得很好；另一方面，虽然不难，我仍感觉有点紧张。To improve your English, first(ly),_you should listen more; second(ly),_you should read more.为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。Im not going to buy it; for_one_thing I dont like the color, and for_another its far too expensive.我不买这件东西；一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。2help out帮助摆脱困境教材原句There are many easy ways in which people can help out.有很多简单的方法可以帮助人们摆脱困境。(1)help sb. with/(to) do sth.帮助某人某事/做某事cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事cant help but do sth. 只得做某事；不得不做 某事help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(夹菜吃、 用等)(2)with the help of sb.with ones help 在某人的帮助下As he is my best friend, when I am in trouble he will certainly help_me_out.因为他是我最好的朋友，当我遇到麻烦时他肯定会帮我摆脱困境。With so much work to do, he cant help but ask (ask) his friends for help.由于有如此多的工作要做，他不得不向朋友求助。3It_took_seven_years and a great deal of money to_finally_get_rid_of the invaders.人们花了七年的时间和大量的金钱，终于摆脱了这些入侵者。It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth.为固定句式，意为“花费(某人)多少时间做某事”。it是形式主语，后面的to do .是真正的主语。It takes me quite a long time to_understand (understand) the meaning of the painting.我花了相当长的时间才理解那幅画的意义。They spent two weeks finishing the rescue work. It took them two weeks to_finish the rescue work.他们花费了两个星期完成了救援工作。The experiment that cost_me_a_lot_of_time_and_energy finally paid off. 这项花了我大量时间和精力的实验终于取得了成功。.基础点全练1单句语法填空The photographers should take many photographs depending on what the customers want.Experts advise that cooked meats and sausages, if not eaten more than one week, should be thrown away.On the one hand theyd love to have kids, but on the other hand they dont want to give up their freedom.Whenever she heard that someone had trouble, she would go to help out.One of the computers is broken and she is blaming it on me.I think we should work out a strategy to deal with this situation.Try and get rid of your visitors before I get there.Seeing a large crowd at the street corner, I was aware of something unusual happening.2运用所学短语完成片段Some people have not been_aware_of (意识到) the importance of mastering Chinese and Western eating habits. Chinese are used to sharing all the dishes together and drinking a_great_deal_of (大量) wine while Westerners usually have their plate of food alone, never throwing_away (扔掉) any food. On_the_other_hand (另一方面), if there are too many people at table, Westerners feel unhappy. After dinner, they maybe show you around their house. So it is important to get familiar with the differences in order to make_sure (确保) all things go right when you are eating with foreigners or travelling overseas.重难点多练It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.相关结构全接触(1)补全句子建造秦始皇陵花费了工人们37年的时间。It took_the_workers_37_years_to_build the Qinshihuang Tomb. 在过去的五年里，这些书花了我好几千英镑。These books have_cost_me_thousands_of_pounds in the past five years.(2)句型转换The artist spent two years in finishing the famous painting.(用it作形式主语改写句子)It_took_the_artist_two_years_to_finish the famous painting. 课堂练牢基础.单句语法填空1Covered (cover) with heavy snow, the small village looks more beautiful.2They were determined to preserve their students from harm.3It is bad behavior to throw away waste everywhere.4It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to_be_respected (respect)5The heavy snow did a lot of damage to the crops.6My secretary will leave the company next week, so we are advertising for a replacement (replace)7Im depending on you to_tell/telling (tell) me everything.8Many people admire Ma Yuns success but nobodys success happens by accident.9Only if you pass the interview can you get the job.10Li Ming is the only one of my close friends that has helped me out.单句改错1I cant help wonder what happened to that little girl.wonderwondering2On the one hand, of course, cars are very useful. But on the another hand, they cause air pollution.anotherother3How to do with the present situation remains to be discussed.HowWhat或dodeal4It took us quite a long time to getting to the amusement park.gettingget5Not only the students but also their teacher like playing football.likelikes6A great deal of money have been spent on the project up to now.havehas.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Dear Sir or Madam，Today I am writing to you to ask for your help to call on every one to take_action (采取行动) to solve the problem the finless porpoise (江豚) is faced with in the Changjiang River.As a result of the behavior of our human beings, the finless porpoise has been greatly influenced and will be dying out._Even_worse (更糟的是), its total number is decreasing sharply. In order to deal_with (处理) the matter, we have founded a project, but we have difficulty in running it for lack of fund.I hope you can provide it with necessary money. On_the_other_hand (另一方面), you can give us relevant training in protecting them. I believe we will spend at least five years improving the living environment of them, thus increasing its number.If we can get your help, we will be very thankful. Were looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)problemissue(2)resultconsequence(3)protectingpreserving2按要求改写句式(1)用it作形式主语改写句I_believe_it_will_take_us_at_least_five_years_to_improve_the_living_environment_of_them,_thus_increasing_its_number._(2)用it作形式宾语改写句We_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_lend_us_a_hand.课下练熟高考“阅读七选五完形”组合练练题型(限时：35分钟).阅读理解Nowadays many people are concerned about the problem of what to do with electronic waste such as old televisions, computers, radios, cellular telephones and other electronic equipment.Electronic trash, or ewaste, is piling up faster than ever in American homes and businesses.People do not know what to do with old televisions or computers so they throw them in the trash.National Solid Waste Management Association (NSWMA) state programs director Chaz Miller says the large amount of electronic waste Americans product is not unexpected.The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates more than 400 million consumer electronic items are dumped each year, and there is a push by more states to ban the waste from landfills (垃圾填埋场) and create recycling programs.They can be torn apart and sorted for useable parts.Mike Fannon who runs the plant in Baltimore says, “There are lots of valuable metals that can be recovered and reused instead of just putting them in the landfill, and in certain components there are some materials that should not really be in the landfill.”Fannon says nearly 20 percent of electronic waste is recycled nationwide.Thirteen years ago, it was only about 6 percent.Recycling rates continue to rise as more communities have banned electronics from landfills in order to keep ewaste poisons like lead and mercury (汞) out of garbage dumps.This year several states like Vermont imposed a ban on electronic waste in landfills.More than 25 other states have also adopted bans on ewaste in landfills.Chaz Miller says more can be done to boost electronic waste recycling.“We can do much better，” noted Miller.“I think clearly our goal should be to do as well as we do recycling newspapers.”语篇解读：本文是新闻报道类文章阅读。该文章主要介绍了西方国家的电子废物处理方式，最佳的方法就是回收，否则会对环境造成巨大的危害。1Which of the following does NOT belong to ewaste?AOld televisions.BOld computers.COld cell phones. DOld newspapers.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“with electronic waste such as old televisions, computers, radios, cellular telephones and other electronic equipment”可知，ewaste中不包括old newspapers，故选D。2Why is ewaste banned from landfills in many states?ABecause it can not be recycled.BBecause the landfills are already full.CBecause it might damage the environment.DBecause it can be shipped to other countries.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段的“Recycling rates continue to rise . out of garbage dumps”可知，废旧电子产品会对环境造成巨大危害。故选C。3According to Mike Fannon, what might be the best way of dealing with ewaste?ARecycling it. BSelling it.CBurying it. DBreaking it.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段的“Recycling rates continue to rise . out of garbage dumps”可知，回收利用才是处理电子废物的最佳方法。故选A。4What can we learn from the passage?AChaz Miller works for EPA.BMiller is optimistic about the future of ewaste.CAt present, less than 10 percent of ewaste is recycled.DAll states in the US have banned ewaste from landfills.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We can do much better， noted Miller.I think clearly our goal should be to do as well as we do recycling ne