2019版高考英语复习Unit12CultureShock课时练北师大版必修4.docx

Unit 12Culture Shock课时练(一)阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018河南洛阳高三第一次统考)All over the world mothers and fathers teach their children manners. Other children may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of manners.Many years ago, children who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking. Today, wellmannered children have more freedom.Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Suppose you are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat with them. What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud “burp (打嗝)” after you finish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. In some countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say “Excuse me, please.” In many places people like to eat together. But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are being polite. You may see a friend. He may not see you at all. If you are polite, you will sit down beside him. You will wait until he finishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you. Suppose you visit a friend in Arabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you come to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you will be asked into each one. The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.Manners are different all over the world. But it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. People need ways to show that they want to be friends.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。1How did polite children behave?ABy looking into adults eyes while talking.BBy keeping silent while adults were talking.CBy slipping into the house without being heard.DBy not opening their mouths until spoken to.解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“They kept quite quiet if grownups were talking”可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。2Which custom should we follow in order to look wellmannered? ASaying “Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia.BInviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.CTalking with a friend before he completes things in East Africa.DAccepting an eating invitation in Arabia.解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“The people will ask you to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no”可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。3What can we infer from the text?AHear much, speak little.BLove me, love my dog.CWhen in Rome do as the Romans do.DDo what you ought to and come what can.解析：C推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句“Manners are different all over the world”可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。B(2018陕西西安九校高三年级联考)My elder brother Steve gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult after our father died when I was six.For instance, Steve taught me to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, Steve took time to ask me what had happened. When I explained that my baseball had broken Mrs. Holts basement window, Steve encouraged me to confess to it. After all, I should have been playing in the park and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property (财产) is a sacred thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifthgrade classroom, I wanted to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else. I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs. Davids, and she praised me.Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve, I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard with a BB gun. Excited with my accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark？” I didnt know what to answer. He continued with his eyes firm，“ The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is whether it hurts you first. And then you think a long, long time. ”I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“我”的哥哥陪伴“我”成长的经历：他鼓励“我”勇于承担打碎窗户的责任；向老师送回捡到的钢笔；他还教育“我”尊重生命。4What does the underlined word “confess” in Paragraph 2 mean?ACover.BAdmit.CDeny. DAgree.解析：B词义猜测题。根据“When I explained that my baseball had broken Mrs. Holts basement window, Steve encouraged me to”和下文内容可知，“我”玩棒球时打碎了Holt夫人家的窗户，哥哥鼓励“我”向Holt夫人承认错误。据此可以判断，画线词意为“承认”，故B项正确。5How did the author feel when he faced Mrs. Holt?AHe was unwilling.BHe felt frightened.CHe appeared challenging.DHe was lighthearted.解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段的“Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball”可知，“我”在向Holt夫人解释情况时双腿打战。据此可知“我”很害怕，故B项正确。6Which was the most important lesson the author learned from his brother?ACare for the property of others.BThe value of honesty.CResponsibility for ones actions.DRespect for living things.解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind”可知，在所有的教育中，最令“我”难忘的是哥哥对生命的尊重，故D项正确。7What technique does the author mainly use to organize the text?ATime order. BCause and effect.CExamples. DLogical reasoning.解析：C考查写作方法。通读第二段可知，文章列举了哥哥鼓励“我”勇于承担打碎窗户的责任、向老师送回捡到的钢笔这两件事，说明哥哥教育“我”要对自己的行为负责；通读第三段可知，哥哥教育“我”要尊重生命。据此可以判断，本文通过举例法组织全文，故C项正确。C(2018重庆调研抽测二) As the world becomes more connected，the number of people living outside their home country is on the rise. To find out what makes expats(移民)happy in their new hometown，the global community network InterNations recently conducted their annual Expat Insider survey. In Malta，warm weather and nearness to Europe are the big draws for this Mediterranean nation. The climate leads to a slower pace of life. “Some shops have asiesta early in the afternoon，and many people notice slow service at the restaurants，” said an InterNations Consul from Rome.“I remember sitting at a table around 8 pm once and leaving at midnight！We only had a starter and one main.” In Ecuador，friendly people，affordable healthcare and tasty，cheap food are just a few reasons as to why expats love living in Ecuador. Plus，the countrys diverse cities give expats a lot of choices. “The beauty of Ecuador is the variety，”said an InterNations ambassador.“The people who come to retire in Ecuador often look for a lower cost of living，so the coastline，the southern part of Ecuador and Ambato will fit this type of expat. In the case of businessminded or outgoing expats，Quito，Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities to live in. ”The bigger cities do come at a cost，he warned，with higher prices for rent and eating out. In New Zealand，the countrys natural beauty draws people from across the world，and with easy access to both cities and beaches，expats usually adopt the local relaxed lifestyle. An InterNations Ambassador from Hong Kong notes that a typical Kiwi works 8：30 am to 5 pm，never overtime，and enjoys meals and weekend activities，like house parties，road trips or hiking，with their family.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项目的在于弄清是什么使移民人士在新家乡感到快乐的调查研究。8What is InterNations survey for?ATo study why the number of expats is on the rise.BTo make clear what the exact number of expats is.CTo look into how expats adopted their new hometown.DTo discover what pleases expats in their adopted countries.解析：D细节理解题。该题提问的是InterNations的调查目的。根据“To find out what makes expats(移民)happy in their new hometown，the global community network InterNations recently conducted their annual Expat Insider survey.”可知，InterNations的调查是为了弄清楚是什么令移居人士对他们移居的国家感到满意。9What does the underlined word“siesta”in Paragraph 3 probably mean? ASale. BBreak. CPromotion. DExhibition. 解析：B词义猜测题。根据“.and many people notice slow service at the restaurants.”和上文中的“slower pace of life”可知，这些地方的生活节奏很慢，饭店的服务也很慢，由此可推知，商店在下午早早就打烊了。“siesta”应意为“休息”，与B项意思最为接近。10What do we know about the expats to Ecuador? ARich expats would like to live in Ambato. BAll the expats love the lower cost of living. COutgoing expats are likely to choose Cuenca. DThe bigger cities are the best choices for poor expats. 解析：C细节理解题。根据“In the case of businessminded or outgoing expats，Quito，Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities to live in.”可知，性格外向的移民可能会选择昆卡作为定居的城市。11Expats choose New Zealand because of its _. Aspecial climate Btypical animals Cnatural beauty Dfast pace of life 解析：C细节理解题。根据“In New Zealand, the countrys natural beauty draws people from across the world，and with easy access to both cities and beaches，expats usually adopt the local relaxed lifestyle.”可知，移民选择新西兰主要是因为它的自然美景。D(2018江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)Up to 60 Shanghai math teachers are to be brought to England to raise standards, in an exchange arranged by the Department for Education. The announcement comes as a campaign is launched to raise adult math skills. A survey of 2,300 adults for the numeracy campaign found that over a third thought their level of math had held them back. An accompanying economic analysis said that a lack of math skills cost the UK 20 billion pounds per year.The plan to bring 60 Englishspeaking math teachers from Shanghai is an attempt to learn from a city that has been the top performance in the OECDs Pisa tests. The OECD says that children of poor families in Shanghai are on average better at math than middle class children in the UK. The Shanghai teachers, expected to arrive from the autumn, will help share their teaching methods, support pupils who are struggling and help to train other teachers.“We have some smart math teachers in this country but what I saw in Shanghai and other Chinese cities has only strengthened my belief that we can learn from them，” said education minister, Elizabeth Truss, who has recently visited Shanghai, accompanied by head teachers from England. “They have a cando attitude to mathand I want us to match that, and their performance.” She stressed the economic significance of raising math standards, for individuals and the country. “As part of our longterm economic plan, we are determined to drive up standards in our schools and give our young people the skills they need to succeed in the global race. Good math qualifications have the greatest earnings potential and provide the strongest protection against unemployment，”said the education minister.【语篇解读】本文讲述了中国上海多达六十位数学教师受英国教育部门的邀请，作为交换老师到英国去教授数学这一事件，旨在提高英国学生的数学技能和水平，改善日益没落的英国数学教育。12Poor math skills have caused serious _ consequences in England.Aacademic BeconomicCcultural Dpolitical解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“. a lack of math skills cost the UK 20 billion pounds per year.”可知，缺乏数学技能让英国每年损失200亿英镑，即经济损失严重，故选B项。13What is the main factor behind Shanghai teachers success in math teaching?ATheir students are from poor families.BTheir students have a talent for math.CThey have a positive attitude to teaching.DThey teach in a highly developed city.解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段英国教育部长所讲的“They have a cando attitude to math and I want us to match that, and their performance.”可知，上海老师数学教育成功的一个重要因素就是他们对教学的积极态度。故选C项。14According to Elizabeth Truss, raising standards can be helpful in _.Aequipping young people with global competitivenessBpromoting the pupils international test performanceCteaching how to earn money in the global marketDdiscovering ones math talent at an early age解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“. give our young people the skills they need to succeed in the global race.”可知，教育部长认为提高教育标准有助于提升年轻人的国际竞争力。故选A项。15What can be the best title for the passage?AGood Math Skills Are About Hard WorkBWhy Are English Math Standards Left Behind?CWhy Are Shanghai Math Teachers Getting Popular?DChinese Teachers Bring the Art of Math to English Schools解析：D主旨大意题。文章开篇点题介绍了上海数学教师被英国请去传授经验的事情。A项侧重于数学技能本身，B项侧重于英国数学教育落后的原因，C项侧重于上海数学教师受欢迎的原因，D项概括了中国老师受邀去英国的整个事件。故选D项。.七选五(2018湖南十三校第一次联考)Every culture has its own unwritten list of behavior that is acceptable. Every society also has its taboos, or types of behavior that are considered a violation of good manners.The word taboo comes from the Tongan language and is used in modern English to describe verbal and nonverbal behavior that is forbidden or to be avoided. _1_ They tend to be specific to a culture or country, and usually form around a groups values and beliefs. What is considered acceptable behavior in one country may be a serious taboo in another.Verbal taboos usually involve topics that people believe are too private to talk about publicly, or relate to ones manner of speaking. In many cultures, for example, it is considered bad manners to discuss subjects such as sex or religion in public. In some countries, too much volume of ones voice may annoy people. _2_3_ For example, one of the biggest differences among many Western, Asian, and African cultures is the use of eye contact. In the US, people make eye contact when they talk to others. _4_ In many Asian and African cultures, however, children are taught to lower their eyes when talking to their elders, or those of higher rank, as a way to show respect.Certain gestures made with the hands can have very different meanings depending on the country you are in. Crossing your middle finger over your forefinger is the sign for good luck in many Western countries. _5_ Also, in some Asian countries, moving your hands a lot while talking, or “talking with your hands”， is considered unsuitable.Behavior that is acceptable and nonoffensive in one culture can be highly offensive in another. When visiting a foreign country, be aware of some of the basic differences, as this will help to ensure a more enjoyable trip.ANonverbal taboos usually relate to body language.BIn Vietnam and Argentina, however, it is a rude gesture.CIn spite of what some people may think, taboos are not universal.DCancer is a taboo subject and people are frightened to talk openly about it.ELearn a countrys customs so that you dont hurt the local people unconsciously.FThey might think that someone who is speaking or laughing loudly is rude or aggressive.GIf a person avoids eye contact, others might think they are being dishonest or unconfident.【语篇解读】本文主要讲不同国家习俗方面的禁忌，以及肢体语言、手势语的不同运用。1解析：C上句是对taboo的定义，下句讲对于一个国家或一种文化而言它们往往是具体的，通常是围绕着一个团体的价值观和信仰而形成的。由此可以推断，C项(尽管一些人可能这样认为，但禁忌不是通用的)符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。2解析：F本段主要讲一些人对禁忌的看法，比如一些私人问题不能在公共场合谈论等。根据设空前一句中的too much volume of ones voice may annoy people可知，在一些国家，说话声音太大会惹恼别人，F项(他们可能认为大声说笑是粗鲁的或充满挑衅的)正好是对上一句的解析。故选F项。3解析：A根据设空后一句中的eye contact可知，本段主要讲眼神接触在不同文化中有不同的要求。眼神接触属于肢体语言，故A项(非语言禁忌通常和肢体语言有关)符合语境。4解析：G本段讲的是眼神接触的作用，根据关键词eye contact可知，G项与该段主题一致，故选G项。5解析：B本段介绍手势语在不同国家的含义。上一句介绍了把中指和食指交叠起来，在很多西方国家意味着好运。下文应该介绍其他国家对此不同的理解，B项“然而在越南和阿根廷，这是一个粗鲁的手势”符合语境，故选B项。课时练(二)英语知识运用板块练练准度(限时：25分钟).完形填空(2018河北石家庄高三复习教学质量检测二)When my sister Diane began playing the violin, she was seven. How did she sound? Terrible. But she didnt _1_. At twelve, she asked our parents if she could _2_ a fulltime music school. They said no. Actually, everyone agreed that my sister _3_ talent.I was better at my _4_. My teacher had told my parents that I had great _5_. So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to _6_ me. But the only time he was _7_ was Saturday afternoons at 3 pm. Back then, I was _8_ about the British TV show “The Avengers”， which was _9_ every Saturday at 3 pm. I let nothing take up my “The Avengers” hour. So I _10_ this amazing opportunity. Today, I dont even have a _11_ in my house.My sister became an engineer, but she _12_ stopped making music. When she was in her 40s, she switched her _13_. She went back to college, got a(n) _14_ in music education, and became a music teacher. She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never _15_.Recently, she and a pianist pal put on a recital. A big crowd of friends and family _16_ for her. As she played, I looked around at the _17_. Everyone was _18_ enjoying the music. It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly _19_ sounds and knew how far she had come, despite _20_.Talent is important. But enthusiasm is even more important.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述妹妹追求梦想的经历告诉我们：天赋很重要，但更重要的是热情。1A.advanceBquitCreflect Dlisten解析：B根据上文的“How did she sound? Terrible”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；结合本句的“But”表示的转折意义可知，但她没有放弃(quit)。2A.inspect BopenCattend Dvisit解析：C根据上文可知，尽管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放弃；据此可以判断，本句句意为：在十二岁时，她问父母她是否可以去全日制的音乐学校上学。attend school为固定搭配，意为“上学”。3A.lacked BspottedCpossessed Dadmired解析：A根据上文的“They said no”和父母没有答应让她去全日制音乐学校学习可以判断，每个人都认为“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天赋，故A项正确。4A.major BprojectCcomposition Dinstrument解析：D根据本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师教“我”学钢琴；据此判断，与妹妹相比，“我”更擅长“我”的乐器。5A.patience BenthusiasmCpotential Dambition解析：C根据下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师来教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，老师告诉父母说“我”很有潜能(potential)。A项意为“耐心”，B项意为“热情”，D项意为“抱负”，都与语境不符。6A.train BexamineCcorrect Dchallenge解析：A参见上题解析。A项意为“培训，教育”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“改正”；D项意为“挑战”。7A.punctual BskillfulCoccupied Davailable解析：D根据语境可知，钢琴老师只有每周六下午三点有空。D项意为“有空的”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“准时的”，B项意为“技术好的”，C项意为“使用中”，都与语境不符。8A.sensitive BcrazyCser