2017_2018学年高中英语Unit5ThepowerofnatureSectionⅠ习题新人教版.docx

Unit5ThepowerofnatureSectionWarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一、根据句意和汉语提示写出单词1Mr.Lee was (任命)as headmaster at the beginning of the school year.答案:appointed2He (挥手) happily to his companion.答案:waved3The high official explained (完全地) clearly what had happened to the reporters from all over the world.答案:absolutely4We should encourage all the children to develop their (潜在的) abilities.答案:potential5The (实际的) cause of the quake is the breaking of rocks at or below the earths surface.答案:actual二、用下列词组或单词的正确形式完成句子be about to compare.with.fast asleepmake ones way topotentialequipmentabsolutelybe appointed asburn to the groundout of the way1Youd better often your handwriting others.答案:compare;with2A chemistry factory in the fire.答案:was burned to the ground3The students moved to let the hero pass.答案:out of the way4Though it was raining,the soldiers the village.答案:were making their way to5A foreign country offered some to build up tents which was worth $50,000.答案:equipment6After a whole years being trained,he is fit for driving a car.答案:absolutely7He Chairman of the Students Union in our school.答案:is/was appointed as8The retired teachers still have capability of teaching children.答案:potential9When I came home,my father was .答案:fast asleep10I go to the station to pick him up when he telephoned me that he was delayed.答案:was about to三、单句改错1The young woman was so unfortunately that she married such a bad-tempered man.答案:unfortunatelyunfortunate2My neighbour was erupted in anger at the news.答案:去掉was3Its hard to evaluation him.答案:evaluationevaluate4Her mother was ill,she couldnt go to school.答案:wasbeing或在she前加so5A CD,as well as a flower,have been bought as her daughters birthday gift.答案:havehas四、阅读理解AVolcanoesThe ground we walk on seems firm,but deep under the earth and under the sea the rocks change and move.In some parts of the world there are “fire mountains”,which we call volcanoes.From time to time they burst open and throw out fire and burning ashes.These volcanoes are very dangerous.There are many volcanoes in Indonesia and Philippines.There is also a famous mountain near Tokyo,Japan,which is a volcano too.Its name is Mount Fuji.For much of the year,it is covered with snow.One of the most famous volcanoes which erupted in recent times is Krakatoa,on an island in Indonesia.The first explosion took place on 20th May,1883,but the biggest eruption did not come until the 26th and 27th August of that year.The people on the island were used to the explosions by that time,and so they were completely unprepared for this terrible happening.Almost all the people on the island died and the explosion also made huge waves in the sea,which drowned(淹死)many people on the other island nearby.After the eruption was over,people saw that the whole northern part of the island had completely disappeared.Scientists say that 15 cubic(立方) kilometres of rocks and ash were thrown up in the explosion.The noise of the explosion was heard nearly 5,000 kilometres away in the middle of the Indian Ocean,and the city of Jakarta was completely dark for about two and a half hours.1There are many volcanoes .A.everywhere in the worldB.under the earth and the seaC.in BeijingD.in Indonesia答案:D解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句“TherearemanyvolcanoesinIndonesiaandPhilippines.”可知D项正确。2The people near Krakatoa were unprepared when it had its biggest eruption because people there .A.had never met any explosions beforeB.were used to the explosions by that timeC.didnt want to leave their islandD.could do nothing but wait答案:B解析:细节理解题。从第三段中的“Thepeopleontheislandwereusedtotheexplosionsbythattime,andsotheywerecompletelyunpreparedforthisterriblehappening.”看出当地的人们已经习惯了它的爆发,因此,当最大的爆发发生时,人们没有任何准备。3People who were 5,000 kilometres away from Krakatoa could .A.see that the 15 cubic kilometres of rocks and ash were thrown upB.hear the noise of the explosionC.see the huge wavesD.see that Krakatoa was dark答案:B解析:细节理解题。从第三段中的“Thenoiseoftheexplosionwasheardnearly5,000kilometresawayinthemiddleoftheIndianOcean.”可以看出几乎5,000千米远的人们都能够听到它的声音,故选B项。4The biggest explosion made .A.all the people on the island dieB.the whole island disappearC.the city of Jakarta completely dark for about two and a half hoursD.huge waves in the middle of the Indian Ocean答案:C解析:文中最后一句“.andthecityofJakartawascompletelydarkforabouttwoandahalfhours.”为文中原句,故C项正确。A项错在“all”;B项错在“whole”;D项巨浪只是在附近出现,在印度洋中部可以听到它的声音。B(2017全国高考)When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesnt sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.Its a plants way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists dont know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry.So information was exchanged,but it wasnt a true,intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.Theres a whole lot going on.5What does a plant do when it is under attack?A.It makes noises.B.It gets help from other plants.C.It stands quietly.D.It sends out certain chemicals.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的“.sendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplant.”可知,当植物受到袭击时,它们会释放出某种化学物质。因此D项正确。6Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inparagraph3?A.Theattackersgetattacked.B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D.Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.答案:A解析:词义猜测题。前文说,有些植物释放出一些难闻的化学物质赶走害虫,而另一些植物会释放出一些香味吸引这些害虫的天敌。一旦这些天敌到达,这些害虫就会受到攻击,因此thetablesareturned的意思是“攻击者受到攻击”,故A项正确。7Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan.A.predictnaturaldisastersB.protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC.talktooneanotherintentionallyD.helptheirneighborswhennecessary答案:B解析:推理判断题。根据第四段可知,研究表明,植物们能保护自己不受害虫的侵袭。8Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B.Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C.Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D.PeopleinDarwinstimeweremoreimaginative.答案:C解析:推理判断题。文章最后一段说,150多年前,达尔文曾经设想一个更加忙碌,噪音更大的世界,它比我们所看到和听到的联系更加亲密。作者说,我们的感觉非常微弱,世界非常复杂。因此C项正确。五、短文改错(导学号55580023)Nowadays,the computer technology develops very fast tha