2017_2018学年高考英语大题精做11短文改错含解析新人教版.docx

短文改错高考短文改错题是在给出一篇约100词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误将其改正。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。高考短文改错着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。此题型不仅要求考生牢固的掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。它针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。【试题特点】一般来说，短文改错的语言材料通常来自考生文章或类似于考生习作的文章。所选材料篇幅较短，约100词左右，1012个句子；难度不大，基本上无生僻的词汇和语法结构。短文改错的话题较常见，通常是叙述一个事情或说明一个事物。从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文和应用文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。通常从词法，句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，错误类型有多词，缺词，和错词三种，比例一般为错词：多词：缺词=8（7）：1（2）：1短文改错：近三年的对比分析20152017年英语新课标全国I卷短文改错考向双向细目表项目 年份2015年2016年2017年体彩议论文（随笔）记叙文语篇解读成年时在城市生活，渴望保护环境叔叔开饭店暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事文本长度10993108考点分布名词111动词111形容词21副词011代词210连词121介词111冠词111从句01时态011非谓语01错误类型错词988多词111少词011【应试技巧】一、把握三四五，共十二个考点三个必考点：1. 名词的单复数；2. 介词的误用、多用或少用；3. 动词时态不一致。四个常考点：1. 连词的误用、多用或少用；2. 冠词的误用、多用或少用；3. 词语辨析；4. 词性误用。五个考点：1. 代词；2. 非谓语动词；3. 情态动词；4. 主谓一致；5. 形容词的比较级和最高级。二、考法. 8个改词1个添词1个删词，记住比例是：8:1:1；2. 每句有02个错误；3. 需要变形的词语通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等；4. 少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式的to, 以及物主代词；5. 多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。【核心思路】根据考点找错误，又快又准高速度。三、三个维度1. 词法：介词、冠词、连词的多用，少用或误用，词性误用，非谓语动词，各类词缀，如否定前缀，名词、形容词、副词后缀；2. 句法：主谓一致，时态一致，名词的单复数一致，代词的格和数一致；3. 行文逻辑：并列句中两个简单句的关系，因果、转折、选择、并列关系等。短文改错解题口诀口诀一：短文改错有妙计，完整一致看仔细。词法侧重冠名动，形副互换要留意。分词出现多琢磨，主动被动加语气。全文一处多一词，一处少词关介词。时态人称要统一，连词用法重逻辑。短文改错要做好, 常见类型应记牢。口诀二：名词爱考数与格，冠词在前错、多、少； 动词时态和语态，非谓语搭配莫错了；连代形副错一样，多是故意来混淆；介词多半考搭配，多漏误用想周到；句法涉及到一致，从句多考关系词。词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。811 排列是规律，回读复查敲定稿。 1. 一致包括主谓一致，数、性、格等的一致。2. 811常指：8处错误， 1处多词，1处少词。 Correction 1（2017新课标I卷） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, Speed up! Slow down! Turning left! I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.【参考答案】 In the summer holiday following my birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, once I started the car, my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the , Speed up! Slow down! left! I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes , the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.【答案解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。第六处：Turning改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话加速，减速，左转都是祈使句，根据前文Speed up! Slow down!也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形，故将Turning改为Turn。第七处：much去掉 考查固定句型。句意：我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so.that表示如此以至于，much为多余成分，故将much去掉。第八处：late改为later 考查副词。late在此作副词，late迟地，later稍后、随后。此处表示几分钟之后，故将late改为later。第九处：suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。句意：我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示意外地，忽然地。sudden为形容词，表示突然的；迅速的，修饰名词stop用形容词，故将suddenly改为sudden。a sudden stop表示急刹车。第十处：on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知此处表示在路中间急刹车，on the road表示在路上，the middle of the road表示路的中央，强调的是the middle，故将on改为of。Correction 2（2017新课标II卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！【参考答案】Mr. and Mrs. Zhang work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are in planting vegetables in their garden, is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up and water the vegetables together. They have also bought some gardening tools. , they often get some useful from the internet. When summer , they will invite their students pick the vegetables！【答案解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。第四处：that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。第五处：earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early。Correction 3（2017新课标III卷）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.【参考答案】When I look at this picture of myself. I realize how fast time flies. I grown not only physically, also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was , I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days.【答案解析】Correction 4（2016新课标I卷） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.【参考答案】My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live. Though not very big,the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time. Instead, he hopes that business will grow . 【答案解析】第九处：ourhis。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。第十处：steadysteadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。Correction 5（2016新课标II卷） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.【参考答案】The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday. We can between staying at home and a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad， we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we或go to places of interest nearby. I that it is a good idea. It does not cost , yet we can still learn a lot.【答案解析】Correction 1(2017届黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三仿真模拟)I was riding in a taxi to the bus station but from there I was supposed to taking a bus to New York City. It was going to be long journey. I had been packed some chocolates in my suitcase to eat in the way. When the ride was over, I paid the driver the due amount and gave him a tip. He got my suitcase out. I took them and started walking away. However, I realized that it was one of the opportunity to perform an act of kindness. I want to give away all the chocolates to the driver. After all, he had served me even though it was just his job. I gave them away and saw the brightly smile light up his face, what made me feel my heart filled with happiness.【参考答案】I was riding in a taxi to the bus stationfrom there I was supposed toa bus to New York City. It was going to belong journey. I hadbeenpacked some chocolates in my suitcase to eatthe way. When the ride was over, I paid the driver the due amount and gave him a tip. He got my suitcase out. I tookand started walking away. However, I realized that it was one of theto perform an act of kindness. Ito give away all the chocolates to the driver. After all, he had served me even though it was just his job. I gave them away and saw thesmile light up his face,made me feel my heart filled with happiness.【答案解析】【文章大意】作者乘出租车去公共汽车站。到站后，作者将准备好自己路上吃的巧克力全部送给了出租车司机。作者为自己这样的善意行为感到开心。Correction 2(2017届河北唐山一中高三调研)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Which is known to all, nowadays the Internet is playing more and more important part in our daily life. In it, we can not only read news at home and abroad but also get so much information as possible. We are often send e-mails to our classmates. We can make telephone call to our families as well as our friends. However, we can go to school on the net, read different kinds of books and even teach myself English. We can also enjoy music, watching sports and play computer games on the net. We could do shopping even without leaving our homes.【参考答案】is known to all, nowadays the Internet is playing more and more important part in our daily life. it, we can not only read news at home and abroad but also get much information as possible. We often send e-mails to our classmates. We can make telephone to our families as well as our friends. , we can go to school on the net, read different kinds of books and even teach English. We can also enjoy music, sports and play computer games on the net. We do shopping even without leaving our homes.【答案解析】第一处：as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面主句内容，which引导非限制性定语从句的时候，不能放在句首。故Which改为As。Correction 3(2017届 广西南宁、钦州高三模考) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Last Friday, our class was invited an old craftsman to teach us how to making dough figurine(面人).When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him warm welcome and two boy helped him with the tool box. First, he shows us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him or watched attentively. Then we started to have a try itself. The old man walked around and helped us patient. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking on the figurines, we were all very exciting. We hope we can have more activity of this kind!【参考答案】Last Friday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to dough figurine(面人).When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him warm welcome and two boy helped him with the tool box. First, he us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him watched attentively. Then we started to have a try . The old man walked around and helped us . Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking the figurines, we were all very . We hope we can have more of this kind!【答案解析】Correction 4(2017届广东省汕头市高三二模 ) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I always dream life in the future. What will it be like?Perhaps some people will go to the moon for the holiday, and some people may live under the sea and in pace. Besides, probably therell be more educational program on the Internet. And therefore, students will be able to study at home instead of go to school every day. Whats more, maybe in the future each family will have a robot, that will be able to do whatever it was told to, such as going to shopping, doing housework and so on.With the breakthrough of technology, I believe that their life will certainly become easier, happy and more colorful.【参考答案】I always dream life in the future. What will it be like?Perhaps some people will go to the moon for holiday, and some people may live under the sea in space. Besides, probably therell be more educational on the Internet. And therefore, students will be able to study at home instead of to school every day. Whats more, maybe in the future each family will have a robot, will be able to do whatever it told to, such as going shopping, doing housework and so on.With the breakthrough of technology, I believe that life will certainly become easier, and more colorful.【答案解析】happy改为happier。Correction 5 （2017届四川省四市高三一诊）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。On the Earth Day, my classmates and I decided to do everything for our school. We were divided into three group. The first group picked up rubbish and put it in plastic bags. The second group painted the walls of the classrooms, where had been so dirty. The third group planted many trees in the courtyard under our teachers help. I helped dig the holes on the ground, put the trees in the holes, fill the holes with soil. Later on, we water the trees. It was a tired day but we felt happily. Lets devote ourselves to protect our earth!【参考答案】On Earth Day, my classmates and I decided to do for our school. We were divided into three . The first group picked up rubbish and put it in plastic bags. The second group painted the walls of the classrooms, had been so dirty. The third group planted many trees in the courtyard our teachers help. I helped dig the holes on the ground, put the trees in the holes, fill the holes with soil. Later on, we the trees. It was a day but we felt . Lets devote ourselves to our earth!【答案解析】第三处：group改成groups 考查名词的数。根据其前的three可知，此处应使用group的复数形式。故group改成groups。第四处：where改成which 考查定语从句连词。分析句子成分可知，此处非限定性定语从句，先行词为the walls of the classrooms，连词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词。故where改成which。Correction 1假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last month, I, as well as my parents, were invited to my uncles home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. She met us in the airport. I was exciting when I set my foot on the land of America. In the followed days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great. For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I look forward to go there again.【参考答案】Last month, I, as well as my parents, invited to my uncles home in the United States. My uncle, moved to America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. met us in the airport. I was when I set my foot on the land of America. In the days, we visited some places of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History it enriched our knowledge . For me, this is one of the most rewarding trips I have ever made in my life and I look forward to there again.【答案解析】第一处：由as well as连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的单复数由前面的主语来决定。故were改为was。第二处：本句运用了非限制性定语从句，先行词是My uncle，引导词在从句中作主语，指代My uncle。故moved前加who。第三处：前文提到的是my uncle。故She改为 He。第四处：此处指人内心的感受，所以用-ed结尾的形容词。故exciting改为excited。Correction 2假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线 () 划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每