教外国人汉语第1课.ppt

HAN YU XUE XI,CHINESE LANGUAGE,N hu shu hn y (zhng wn) ma? Can you speak Chinese?,CHINESE,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10,r S Y sn b q w sh ji li,CHINESE,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,1. Chinese syllables Syllable is the basic unit of Chinese phonetics. Chinese syllables are combined of initials, finals and tones. Generally speaking, one Chinese character indicates one syllable. For example: the syllable “m”, is combined of initial “m”, final “a”, and the first tone, corresponded with the character “妈”, which means “mom, mother”.,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,Initial + Final +Tone Syllable,2. Initials and finals in Chinese The consonant at the beginning of one syllable is called “initial”, and the rest part of the syllable is called “final”. For example: in syllable “hn”, “h” is initial, and “an” is final. Some of the Chinese syllable have no initials, but they must have finals and tones, like i 爱（love）.,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,Initial + Final +Tone Syllable,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,Initials,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,Finals,Tones are one of the most important characteristics of Chinese phonetics. There are four basic tones in Chinese: first tone, second tone, third tone and fourth tone. Combinations of same initials and finals but different tones have different meanings. For example: shu water shu sleep,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,3. Tones in Chinese,Instruction on Chinese Phonetics,Four Tones in Chinese,Tones in Chinese,Tones,a,a,a,a,l,l,l,l,u,u,u,u,1.Finals: a o e i u ,Part two Chinese Phonetics,Class One,a,Chinese Phonetics,o,Chinese Phonetics,e,Chinese Phonetics,i,Chinese Phonetics,u,Chinese Phonetics,Chinese Phonetics,Class One,Pronunciation essentials,(1) How to pronounce u and e?,While pronouncing u, the tongue is held backward with the lips being rounded and moved forward as much as possible. While e is a back, mid-high and unrounded vowel. If it is difficult to pronounce e, you can pronounce o first, and transform into e by extending the duration of o while spreading the angles of your lips.,Class One,Pronunciation essentials,(1) How to pronounce i and ?,Both i and are front and high vowel. But when pronouncing i, the lips should be flat. While pronouncing , the lips must be rounded up. The pronunciation of i is similar to the “ee” in “cheese”. When you practice , you can pronounce i first, and gradually transform into by extending the duration of i, then round up the lips and keep the tongue position unchanged.,Class One,Pronunciation essentials,(1) How to pronounce u and ?,While pronouncing u, the tongue is held backward with the lips being rounded and moved forward as much as possible. But is a front and high vowel. When is pronounced, you should hold your tongue forward with rounded lips.,1. My name is . w de mng z sh . w jio. 2. I am . w sh .,Class One,Sentences,3.Whats your name? n jio shn me mng z? 4. Nice to meet you. hn go xng rn sh n.,Sentences,Class One,A : n ho! (A: Hello!) B: n ho! (B: Hello!) A: w jio Mary, n jio shn me mng z? (A: My name is Mary, whats your name?) B: w jio Tom. (B: My name is Tom.) A: hn go xng rn sh n. (A:Nice to meet you.) B: w y sh. (B: Me too.),Dialog,Class One,Class One,Part three Introduction to Yourself,Key Words: I w my w de you n (single)/ n men(plural) your n de/ n men de am/is/are sh name mng z(n.); jio(v.) what shn me happy go xng know/meet rn sh,A:N ho!你好！ Hello! /Hi! B:N ho!你好！ Hello!/Hi!,Class One,A:Nn ho!您好！ Hello! /Hi! B:N ho!你好！ Hello!/Hi!,In Chinese, if you see someone elder than you, you should use nn(您).,