高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit-2.ppt

高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（上） INTEGRATED COURSE,2,UNIT 2,ART OF THE TABLE,Culinary Delights in China,Reading Focus,Reading Focus,Reading Focus Global Understanding,(Paras. 2-5),(Paras. 6-11),(Paras. 12-15), Introduction (Para. 1),Local Chinese cuisines,Sichuan cuisine: _ _ the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds and other spices like chili pepper,Reading Focus Global Understanding,delicious yet economical,famous for its spicy and hot food,It is widely acknowledged that from the Ming dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of cuisine based on regional cooking. (Para. 2),school: 学派 Laozi is one of the main works of the School of Taoist.,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Here, each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. (Para. 3),fare: n. 票价；费用；旅客；食物 例： 1) He could barely afford the fare. 他几乎付不起车费。 2) For fishers, this is the everyday fare, though not usually for the morning meal as well!这些食物对渔民来说，虽然都是日常的食粮，但他们自己也甚少在早上享用。,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Guangdong cuisine: with its _ _ _ B. famous for _ _ C. _,Reading Focus Global Understanding,own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China and the world,its seafood as well as for its originality and refined cooking processes,offering various soups,Local Chinese cuisines,Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a moderate climate and abundant produce all year round. (Para. 4) moderate: (adj.) neither very big nor very small, very hot nor very cold, very fast nor very slow etc 中等的，适度的 moderate exercise 适度的运动 a moderate income 过得去的收入 have moderate success 大致还算成功 at a moderate speed 以适中的速度 “produce”, used as a noun, means food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold e.g. fresh local produce 新鲜特产 dairy produce 奶产品,Reading Focus Language Point,As one of the earliest ports open to foreign trade, the province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China as well as throughout the world where it is the most commonly available Chinese cuisine. (Para. 4),exert: vt.施加 (影响、压力); 运用 (权威) ;耗费 (自己的精力) 例： 1) He exerted considerable influence on the thinking of the scientific community on these issues. 他对科学界在这些问题上的思考施加了相当大的影响。 2) Do not exert yourself unnecessarily. 不要无谓地耗费自己的精力。,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Zhejiang cuisine: A. _ B. _,Reading Focus Global Understanding,light and exquisite,with the refreshing flavors of nature,Local Chinese cuisines,Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. (Para. 5) light: (adj.) food or alchholic drink that is light either does not have a strong flavor or is easy to digest e.g. 1) We had a light white wine with the fish. 2) a light, refreshing dessert exquisite: (adj.) extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精美的 e.g. an exquisite hand-painted vase 精致的手绘花瓶,Reading Focus Language Point,-but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake. (Para. 5),authentic: adj. 真正的，真实的；可信的 例： authentic Italian food. 正宗的意大利食品。 I had obtained the authentic details about the birth of the organization.我已经弄到了有关该组织成立的可靠的详细资料,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Every dish has a story,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Goubuli: A. Goubuli steamed buns _ _. B. They were _ _. Dongpo Meat: A. _, a greatpoet of the Northern SongDynasty. B. _.,first sold in Tianjin about 150 years ago,so popular that the owner had no time to answer his customers,This dish was named after Su Dongpo,He rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauce,It is said that, when he was in charge of the drainage work for the West Lake, Su Dongpo rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauce, and people later named it Dongpo Meat, to commemorate this gifted and generous poet. (Para. 9),reward sb. with sth. : 奖赏 Those scientific and technological personnel have been rewarded with a great sum of money.,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Every dish has a story,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Buddha Jumping over the Wall: This dish was created in the _ _. B. It is prepared _. C. _.,Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu.,with more than 20 main ingredients,A poet wrote a poem for the dish,Buddha Jumping over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of the Qing Emperor, Guangxu (1875-1908). (Para. 11) reign: (n.) the period of time during which someone is king or queen e.g. changes that took place during his reign reign: (v.) to rule a nation or group of nations as their king, queen, or emperor e.g. George VI reigned from 1936 to 1952.,Reading Focus Language Point,Fragrance spreads to the neighborhood once the lid lifts, One whiff and the Budda jumps the wall, abandoning the Zen precepts. (Para. 11),坛启荤香飘四邻，佛闻弃禅跳墙来。,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Warmth and hospitality expressed by food,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Eating habits have not changed. A. The old and young _. B. Elders _ _. C. The hostess or host _. D. Every one_.,sit in order of seniority,select food for the young and the young make toasts to the elders,apportions the dishes to treat guests,takes into consideration the needs of the group,The elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders. (Para. 12) If you make a toast to someone, you drink something in order to thank them, wish them luck etc. e.g. Id like to make a toast to the bride and groom.,Reading Focus Language Point,In China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. (Para. 15) partake of: to eat or drink something that is offered to you e.g. 1) Grandmother likes to partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch. 2) Will you partake of a glass of wine?,Reading Focus Language Point,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Special food for social festivals: A. _. B. _. C. _.,Jiaozi for the Spring Festival,Yuanxiao for the Lantern Festival,Zongzi for Duanwu Festival,Warmth and hospitality expressed by food,At the Duanwu festival, people eat zongzi, glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves, to commemorate the beloved poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged. (Para. 15),wrong: n. 坏事；不公正 adj. 错误的；失常的；不适当的 vt. 委屈；无理地对待；诽谤 You wronged him when you said that he was dishonest. 你说他不诚实是屈了他了。,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Text Exploration Task 2,Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P 43),Reading Focus Detailed Information,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,C,D,A,B,D,B,B,D,A,B,Task 1 Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence. (P46),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,A,B,B,C,B,A,B,C,A,C,Task 2,1. bud A. A blossom develops from a _. B. In this poem, the _ flower means youth. 2. access A. The only _ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track. B. Users can _ their voice mail remotely. 3. taste A. The medicine had a slightly bitter _. B. There was a lot of hard work before we first _ success.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. (P47),Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,bud (n.),budding (adj.),access (n.),access (v.),taste (n.),taste (v.),4. fool A. Katherine was nobodys _ when it came to money. B. Its no good _ yourself. Hes not coming back. 5. produce A. The factory _ an incredible 100 cars per hour. B. We sell tinned goods and local _. 6. garnish A. They _ the room with modern paintings. B. The chicken was served with _of parsley and green onion. 7. reign A. The Queen _ but does not rule. B. The kings _ lasted for 30 years.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,fool (n.),fooling (n.),produces (v.),produces (n.),garnish (v.),garnishes (n.),reigns (v.),reign (n.),8. concern A. Environmental protection is a growing _ in China. B. He loved his wife, and _ for her happiness. 9. name A. The building is _ after a successful entrepreneur. B. Could I call you by your first _? 10. practice A. Ive_ playing the piano for five years. B. It is his_ to take a walk after dinner every evening.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,concern (n.),concerned (v.),named (v.),name (n.),practiced (v.),practice (n.),Task 3,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,masterpiece integrate partake steam choice amaze pleasure present aspire hand,Cuisine in China is a harmonious 1) _ of color, taste, shape and fragrance. For the cooking process, chefs pick 2) _ and varied ingredients and seasonings and employ the unparalleled and complicated skills 3) _ down from their fathers, always 4) _ to their ideal of perfection for all the senses. Among the many cooking methods they use are boiling, stewing, braising, frying, 5) _ , crisping, baking, simmering.,integration,choice,handed,aspiring,steaming,When they finish their 6) _ they are arranged on a variety of plates and dishes so that they are a real 7) _ to view, to smell and ultimately to savor. The facility to 8) _ of these delights is also distinctivechopsticks! To see even the smallest child eat with such dexterity is quite 9) _ for many foreigners. The use of two simple sticks in this way is an art in itself and chopsticks have determined the way in which Chinese food is 10) _ at the table.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,masterpieces,pleasure,partake,amazing,presented,masterpiece integrate partake steam choice amaze pleasure present aspire hand,A Cuisine Crisis,Reading More,Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,piled high in greengrocers creative geometrics,oyster,hare, venison, boar,smell and savor,Discuss in groups to identify the missing information.,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,different and marketable,nutty, fruity impudent,France has chefs who are interested in good products,France still has peasant agriculture as well as factory farms,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,Many fruits and vegetables on the outdoor market are imported from foreign countries. Gallic talent, taste and technique have been exported all over the world and at the same time, what is mediocre, cheap and popular has been imported.,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,More and more restaurateurs have to cope with red tape, not to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.,The “harmonized” value-added taxes benefit fast-food chains while penalizing sit-down restaurants.,Strict labor laws restrict hiring, firing and temp-work.,Government regulations, for example, CAP, favor quantity over quality.,You cant even be sure where that boar bit the dust. (Para. 2) bite the dust: (战斗中)受伤倒下；倒下死去;一败涂地，失败; 受辱，丢脸 例： Rowling isnt naming names, but she has said at least two characters will bite the dust . 罗林没有指名道姓，但她指出至少有两个角色会大败。,Reading More Language Point,The congenial quaintness of the street market, in fact, draws directly on globalization. (Para. 3) congenial:意气相投的；性格相似的；适意的；一致的 She and he were congenial companion in youth. 他和她是竹马青梅， 志趣相投。 In theory, winemakers can defuse the threat by simply shifting production to more congenial locations. 从理论上来说，只要酿酒商把生产转移到更适宜的地区，就能化解这种威胁。 draw on: 利用，吸收 And we must draw on the lessons of experience. 我们必须借鉴以往的经验教训。,Reading More Language Point,Quite literally, that is now where a lot of French cooking begins-and, increasingly, where the era of great French cuisine as something truly unique and exclusive to France is slowly coming to an end. (Para. 3) exclusive to:专为所独有；独享 The story is exclusive to this newspaper. 这家报纸独家报道这个材料。 解释：事实上，现在许多法国菜发源于此，而正是这儿却日 益见证着真正独具法国特色的伟大的法式烹饪时代正 在逐渐走向消亡。,Reading More Language Point,From the Napa Valley to the Thames and Tokyo, non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine. (Para. 4) Paraphrase: Cooks from other parts of the world have learned the highlights of the French cuisine. crack: (v.) to solve a complicated problem, or to find the answer to a mystery 解决(难题)；解开(秘密) e.g. Detectives believe they can crack the case. 侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子。,Reading More Language Point,Meanwhile, what was mediocre elsewherealbeit cheap and popularhas been imported. (Para. 4) mediocre: (adj.) not very good e.g. 1) I thought the book was pretty mediocre. 2) Hes a person of mediocre abilities. albeit: (conj.) although; even if; even though 尽管，即使；纵然 e.g. a peaceful, albeit brief retirement 虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活,Reading More Language Point,They have become ensnarled in the red tape for which France is infamous. (Para. 5) ensnarl: vt. 使缠绕 e.g. to be ensnarled in the web of prejudice 陷入偏见之中不能自拔 infamous: well known for something bad e.g. an infamous criminal 臭名昭著的罪犯,Reading More Language Point,But the real paradox of French cookingin France, at leastis that artistic success often spells business disaster. (Para. 7) paradox: situation or idea that is strange because it has features or qualities that you would not expect to exist together 自相矛盾的情况；似非而是的说法；悖论 e.g. the paradox of people with the best qualifications not being able to get jobs 高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事 spell trouble/disaster/danger etc: if a situation or action spells trouble etc, it makes you expect trouble etc: 招致 e.g. 1) The lack of rain could spell disaster for farmers. 2)These changes spell ruin for the company.,Reading More Language Point,If the French were under the same fiscal regime as the United States, wed be able to create twice as many jobs. (Para. 8) regime: (n.) 1) a particular system of government or management, especially one you disapprove of 政体，政权 e.g. military/totalitarian/fascist regime; brutal/oppressive/corrupt regime 2) a particular system, used especially when talking about a previous system, or one that has just been introduced 管理制度 e.g. Under the new regime, all sheep and cattle will be regularly tested for disease.,Reading More Language Point,Strict labor laws restricting hiring, firing and temp-work also figure in the equation. (Para. 9) 1. figure: vi. 出现，卷入，牵涉到（in） 2. equation: 相等，方程式；（不同因素）综合体，（对某一过程起作用的）因素 Here, in the sentence, equation refers to the reasons that cause the decline of French cuision.,Reading More Language Point,Many small farmers and restaurateurs seem to be fighting a rearguard action just to survive. (Para. 11) fighting a rearguard action: to make a determined effort to prevent a change that you think is bad, although it seems too late to stop it e.g. 1) They have been fighting a rearguard action to stop a supermarket being built on the land. 2) He fought a stubborn rearguard action against political reform.,Reading More Language Point,The problems afflicting French cuisine are emblematic of those that plague the economy as a whole. (Para. 12) be emblematic of: 是-的象征 plague: (v.) to cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble to someone e.g. 1) He has been plaguing me with silly questions. 2) Financial problems continued to plague the company.,Reading More Language Point,Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. (P56),Reading More Vocabulary in Action,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-,A,A,D,B,A,B,C,A,A,B,Task 1,Task 2,e.g. Artistic success often spells business disaster. “Spell” means indicate /signify in the sentence.,English words assume different meanings in different contexts. Explain the meaning of the underlined word in the context. (P57),Reading More Vocabulary in Action,Reading More Vocabulary in Action,1. The congenial quaintness of the street market, in fact, draws directly on globalization. “congenial” means _ in the sentence. 2. Non-French cooks have cracked the codes of the best French cuisine. “crack” means _ in the sentence.,pleasant,understand,Reading More Vocabulary in Action,3. At the annual agricultural fair in Paris this spring, visitors not only enjoyed sipping wines, but olive oils. “fair” means _ _ in the sentence. 4. Olive oilsone a little nutty, another quite fruity, some of them, one is tempted to say, just a little impudent. “impudent” means _ in the sentence.,an ev