2020版高考英语总复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课时作业选修8.docx

Unit3 Inventors and inventions.阅读理解AnautonomousvehicledesignedformakinglocalcommercedeliverieswasunveiledbyNuro.ThevehicleisabouttheheightofanSUVbutfarnarrowerthanatypicalcar.Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔层)twooneachsidetoholdseparatedeliveries.Eachcompartmentcanbetailoredtoaspecificuse,suchascookingapizzaorrefrigeratingapackage.“Wecanuseself-drivingtechnologytodeliveranything,anytime,anywhereforbasicallyalllocalgoodsandservices,” Nuroco-founderDaveFergusonsaid. “Consumersusedtobeokaywithtwo-weekpaidshipping.Itbecametwo-weekfreedelivery,followedbyoneweek,twodays,andthesameday.Nowsame-daydeliveryisntfastenoughforsomecustomers.”Nuroisntaloneinbuildingrobotsforlocalcommercedeliveries.Earlierthismonth,Toyota,aJapanesecarcompany,unveiledaconceptvehiclethatcouldbeusedforpackagedelivery.Ahandfulofstart-upsincludingStarshipTechnologies,MarbleandDispatcharetestingsmallrobotsfordeliveriesonsidewalks.Nurosvehiclewilllikelyfacelegalhurdles.FullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriverarentlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.Nuroexpectstofacefewerchallengesbecauseitdoesntcarrypassengers.Nurosnarrowsizemayalsobehelpfulwhennavigatingstreetsandavoidingpedestrians.Thevehicleisntequippedwithanyspecialfeaturestocommunicatewithpedestriansorotherroadusers.Somecompanieshavetestedandpatentedsolutionssuchasdigitalscreensthatsignalthecarsnextmove.Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.Nurobelievesitsbettertomakesurethecarperformspredictably,sothathumandriversknowwhattoexpectfromit.“Wefeelbycreatingthisnewtechnologythatsgoingtoenablethislastmiledelivery,weregoingtobecreatingnewmarketsanddoingthingsthatpreviouslywerentpossible,” Fergusonsaid. “Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.Itscreatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”1.WhatisthemaincharacteristicoftheNurosself-drivingvehicle?A.Itcancookdeliciousmealsforcustomers.B.Itisapioneerinthefieldofself-drivingvehicles.C.Itisfarnarrowerandhigherthanotherautonomousones.D.Itsdeliveriescanbetransportedinthespecialcompartment.2.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword “hurdles” inParagraph4?A.Breakthrough.B.Dilemma.C.Restriction.D.Protection.3.WhyistheNurosvehiclenotequippedwithcommunicatingfeatures?A.Itsdigitalscreensoftenbreakdown.B.Peoplemaybepuzzledatthefeatures.C.Thefeatureshavenotbeendeveloped.D.Itsperformanceisusuallyhardtopredict.4.WhatcanweinferaboutFergusonsopiniononthisnewtechnology?A.Beneficial.B.Challenging.C.Controversial.D.Ambiguous.阅读七选五根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.1Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywontbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.2ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(诊断的)tool.Ozcansinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,donthaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.3WithOzcansmobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes.4HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow.ByinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnologymobilephonesOzcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.5A.AnotherreasonthatOzcansinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.B.Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection(感染),youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.C.Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.D.Ozcanssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.E.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.F.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.G.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.完形填空Mymotherhasalwaysbeeninvolvedinearlychildhoodeducation.Sheoftensetsthesceneforchildrento1thejoyofphysicalactivity,gettingthemexcitedand2tolearn.MumwassoproudofmeafterI3thetriathlonatthe2000Olympics,butbeforethedust4,shegrabbedme,saying: “Nowthisisyour5.Useit.” Shewasntspeakingfromaneconomicpointofviewbuttalkingaboutthe6ofmybeingarolemodel,encouragingkidsto7theirdreams.SincetheOlympics,Ihave8morethan100schools.Italktothekidsabout “livingalifeless9,” aconceptpassedontomebymyparentstheideaof10beingaverage.Itellthemthatyouwill11whatyoubelieve.AsIwasakid,mymothercametoevery12nottopressuremebutto13me.Oneofmyfavouritesports-relatedmemorieswaswhenIwas14intheCanadianTriathlonChampionships.AsIranbyabigtruck,Isawmymother15ontopofoneofitshugewheels,cheeringforme.Ifinditsadwhenpeoplesaytheirparentshaveneverseenthem16.WhenIwasattheUniversity,Icompletedonlyonesemesterandthendecidedto17soIcouldraceprofessionallyfull-time.MumwasthefirstpersonIcalled.Itwasa18moment.Iwasntsurehowshewouldreact.“Mum,Ihavethisopportunity,andIthinkImgoingtotakeit.Whatdoyouthink?”Shewasas19asever.Itturnedouttobeagood20.Supportingyourchildren,trustingtheirdecisions,givingwell-thought-outadvicethosearedefinitelyimportantqualities.1.A.experienceB.evaluateC.expressD.expect2.A.afraidB.readyC.relaxedD.unwilling3.A.wonB.choseC.playedD.watched4.A.roseB.settledC.flewD.appeared5.A.luckB.timeC.crossroadsD.opportunity6.A.demandB.happinessC.courageD.importance7.A.displayB.followC.appreciateD.abandon8.A.servedB.attendedC.visitedD.started9.A.energeticB.colourfulC.miserableD.ordinary10.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.usually11.A.neglectB.achieveC.suspectD.assume12.A.practiceB.schoolC.gameD.kindergarten13.A.supportB.rewardC.instructD.comfort14.A.surfingB.jumpingC.joggingD.running15.A.sittingB.speakingC.standingD.performing16.A.competeB.succeedC.separateD.compromise17.A.dropinB.dropoffC.dropoutD.dropback18.A.magicB.nervousC.criticalD.serious19.A.attractiveB.talkativeC.imaginativeD.supportive20.A.considerationB.intentionC.suggestionD.decision课时作业(三十八).【文章大意】 文章是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Nuro自主设计的一种自动驾驶汽车。此自动驾驶汽车被用来递送货物,并有着广阔的前景。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔层) twooneachside toholdseparatedeliveries.”可知,Nuro的自动驾驶汽车的主要特征是它的运送可以在特殊的隔层里运输,故选D。2.C词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句“FullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriverarentlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.”可知,在加利福尼亚没有驾照驾驶全自动交通工具是不合法的,由此可推知hurdle意为“限制”,故选C。3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第五句“Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.”可知,这样的技术可能会使人困惑,故选B。4.A观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Ferguson 的话“Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.Itscreatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”可知这样的新技术增加了新的就业机会,据此推测Ferguson认为这样的新技术是有益的,故选A。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个用来诊断疾病的手机应用软件。1.F承接上文“Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.”,并结合常识可知,在一个没有医疗诊所的偏远村庄,病得很重的情况下,只能等数日才能得到医疗救助,故选F。2.B承接上文“Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywontbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.”可知,医生要先检查,采集血样,无法立即提供帮助,可推知,患者的治疗可能会被耽误,故选B。3.G承接上文“Manydoctors,forexample,donthaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.”可知,许多医生因为没有足够的训练而不能正确地进行诊断,由此会误诊,故选G。4.A承接上文“Qzcansinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.”,并根据对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要说明了这项发明很重要的另一个原因,故选A。5.D承接上文“Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.”可知,由于经济实用,这项发明几乎可以在任何地方使用,由此可知,这个简单且实惠的产品将会挽救全世界数以百万计患者的生命,故选D。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己从事铁人三项运动,受到妈妈的支持和鼓励并获得成功的故事告诉我们:支持你的孩子,相信他们的决定,并给予深思熟虑的建议,这些都是教育孩子中重要的品质。1.A妈妈让孩子们体验体育活动的乐趣。experience体验;evaluate评价;express 表达;expect期待,预料。 2.B她让孩子们兴奋起来,准备学习。afraid 害怕的;ready准备好;relaxed放松的;unwilling不情愿的。3.A在2000年的奥运会上作者赢得铁人三项后,妈妈为此感到骄傲。win赢得;choose选择;play玩;watch观看。 4.B此处指赛前妈妈对作者说的话。beforethedustsettled在尘埃落定之前。rise上升;settle解决,定居;fly飞;appear出现。 5.D妈妈鼓励作者要抓住机会。luck运气;time时间;crossroads十字路口;opportunity机会。 6.D妈妈说了榜样的重要性。demand要求;happiness幸福;courage勇气;importance重要性。7.B榜样的重要性是能鼓励孩子们追随他们的梦想。display展示;follow追随;appreciate 欣赏,感激;aband