2019届高中英语能力练Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅠPre_reading.docx

Unit 4Global warmingSection Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)对应学生用书P37基础题单词拼写1The government needs to clearly _ (陈述) its policy on this issue.答案：state2The data is limited in terms of both _ (数量) and quality.答案：quantity3(2017全国卷)Many farmers _ (反对) the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.答案：opposed4Corruption (腐败) is not exactly a new _ (现象) in Latin America.答案：phenomenon5There is a sum of money _ (捐赠) to the relief fund.答案：subscribed6He broke the law, and now he must face the c_ of his actions.答案：consequences7People t_ to need less sleep as they get older.答案：tend8I took a g_ at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.答案：glance9Your blood pressure is well within the normal r_.答案：range10(2017全国卷)These animals c_ large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park.答案：consumed单句语法填空1Large quantities of water _ (be) needed for cooling purpose, which we all know.答案：are2There is some doubt _ he can win the first prize.答案：whether3It was not until he entered the classroom _ he realized he had forgotten to do the homework.答案：that4Schools tend _ (judge) by the performance of their students in exams.答案：to be judged5Lets make good use of our energy and be opposed to _ (waste) water, electricity, paper and so on.答案：wasting能力题阅读理解We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household (家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common things like turning on airconditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of TheWeatherMakers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on the Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping_points,_such as the melting (融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland of West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent，” he said. Good advice, I thought. Wed gotten so used to keeping our airconditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。节约能源，减少二氧化碳的排放量，从家庭做起，从我做起；减缓气候变化，我们都能有所作为。1Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?ATo take special kinds of food.BTo respond to climate change.CTo lose weight.DTo improve their health.答案：B细节理解题。依据文章第二段中的“not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change”可知，作者这么做的目的是积极响应和应对一个令世人烦恼的气候变化问题。2The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “_”Afreezing points Bburning pointsCmelting points Dboiling points答案：C词义猜测题。在他的书中，他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量，以免世界来到“临界点”，另据下面给出的例子“such as the melting (融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland of West Antarctica”，也可以判断出C项正确。3It can be inferred from the passage that _.Ait is necessary to keep the airconditioning on all the timeBit seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2Cthe average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a monthDthe average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month答案：B推理判断题。由第一段和最后一段可知，普通家庭都可以减少能源消耗与温室气体的排放量，为减缓气候变化作贡献。故选B。4Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? ASaving energy starts at home BChanging our habits begins at workCChanging climate sounds reasonable DReducing emissions of CO2 proves difficult 答案：A标题判断题。文章中作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了：节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起，每个家庭都大有可为。故A项正确。完形填空A couple, John and Mary, had two lovely children. John had just been asked to go on a business trip for several days. Mary would go along too, so they hired a _1_ woman to care for their children. They made the trip, returning home a little earlier than they had planned. As they drove into their home town, they noticed _2_. They drove to see what it was and they found a _3_ in flames. John drove closer and cried, “That house belongs to Fred Jones, who is now working at the plant. He cant be _4_ work yet, and maybe there is something we could do.”“It has _5_ to do with us，” protested Mary. But John drove up and stopped. A woman on the lawn was _6_，“The children! Get the children！” John grabbed her by the shoulder, saying, “Tell us _7_ the children are！”“In the basement，” sobbed the woman, “down the hall and to the left.” _8_ Marys protests, John rushed into the _9_ which was full of smoke and extremely hot. He _10_ the door and two children. As he left he _11_ hear some more crying. He delivered the two _12_ frightened and nearly suffocated children into the waiting arms of the woman. He _13_ how many more children were down there. They told him two more and Mary _14_ his arm and screamed, “John! Dont go back! Its _15_！ That house will fall down in any second.” But he _16_ the house again. At last he found _17_ children. As he walked up the endless steps, the thought went through his mind that there was something _18_ about the little bodies, and at last when they came out into the sunlight and _19_ air, he found that he had just _20_ his own children. The babysitter had left them at Freds home while she did some shopping . 1A.reliable Bclever Cbeautiful Drich答案：A由常识可知家里大人外出时应该会找一个可靠的(reliable)人来照看小孩，故选A。clever “聪明的”；beautiful “漂亮的”；rich “富裕的”，三项均不符合语境，且下文没有相应提示信息。2A.storm Blightning Cdust Dsmoke答案：D由下一句中的“in flames”可知着火了，因此他们看到的应该是冒出的烟(smoke)，所以此处应选D。storm “暴风雨”；lightning “闪电”；dust “灰尘”，三项均不符合语境。3A.shop Bhouse Cfarm Dplant答案：B由下一段中的“That house belongs to Fred Jones .”可知本空应选B。4A.in Bat Con Doff答案：D由上一句中的“who is now working at the plant”以及后面的“maybe there is something we could do”可以断定当时房主正在工厂上班，还没有下班。off work “下班”，故选D。5A.anything Bsomething Cnothing Deverything答案：C由句中的“protested”可知玛丽反对约翰插手这件事，“It has nothing to do with us”是一个习惯用语，意思是“这事与我们无关”，故选C。6A.sighing Bscreaming Claughing Dwhispering答案：B在当时紧急的情况下，那位妇女应该会尖叫，故选B。sigh “叹气”；scream “尖叫”； laugh “大笑”；whisper “低声说”。7A.where Bwhat Cwho Dhow答案：A由下文中的答语“In the basement”可知，约翰在问孩子们在什么地方，故选A。8A.In case of BIn place of CIn spite of DIn favour of答案：C由上下文可知约翰不顾玛丽的极力反对冲了进去，故选C。in case of “假设，万一”；in place of “代替”；in spite of “不顾，不管”；in favour of “支持”。9A.kitchen Bgarage Cbedroom Dbasement答案：D由上文中的“In the basement”可知，约翰冲进了地下室，故选D。10A.found Bsmelt Cstared Dwatched答案：A根据语境可知此处应用found(找到)。smell “闻”；stare “凝视”；watch “观看”，均不符合语境。11A.might Bwould Ccould Dshould答案：C根据语境可知，约翰能够听到有人在哭喊，故选could。might “可能”；would “愿意”；should “应该”，均不符合语境。12A.impossibly Bhardly Cslightly Dbadly答案：D由后面的“nearly suffocated”可推知孩子们受到了严重地(badly)惊吓，故选D。13A.asked Bimagined Ccounted Destimated答案：A由下文中的“They told him two more”和当时的情形可知，他问(asked)还有多少个孩子在地下室里。故选A。imagine “想象”；count “数，计算”；estimate “估计”，均不符合语境。14A.raised Bcaught Ctouched Dhit答案：B由下文玛丽所说的话可知，她抓住约翰的胳膊极力地阻止他再次进入着火的房子，故选B。catch ones arm意为“抓住某人的胳膊”。15A.worthless Bdangerous Cmeaningless Dserious答案：B由下文中的“That house will fall down in any second.”可知情况危险。worthless “无价值的，无用的”；dangerous “危险的”；meaningless “无意义的”；serious “严肃的”。故选B。16A.dived into Bfell into Crushed into Dput into答案：C根据第9空前的“rushed into”可知，约翰再次冲入着火的房子，故选C。17A.all Beither Cboth Dneither答案：C由上下文可知这次救出的是另外两个(both)孩子，故选C。18A.strange Bsimilar Cterrible Dfamiliar答案：D根据本段段末关键信息“his own children”可知，慌乱之中约翰对孩子的身体有似曾相识之感，故选D。familiar “熟悉的”符合语境。19A.fresh Bthin Ccold Dwarm答案：A由前面的“sunlight”可以推断出约翰从着火的房子里救出了孩子，呼吸到了新鲜的(fresh)空气，故选A。20A.ignored Brescued Churt Dmissed答案：B约翰再次进入地下室救出了自己的两个孩子，故选B。rescue “解救”符合语境。短文改错(2018惠州市高三第二次调研)Not long ago, I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang, which aroused a heating discussion.As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age, he was brought up by her mother. Despite of serious illness, he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks. He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room, where his mother could take care of him in the next four year. In the reply, the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life. It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth