初一上册应具备的基础知识.ppt

新人教版英语同步讲解,初一下册,主讲：李老师,初一上册应具备的基础知识,词类：动词，名词，代词，形容词，副词，介词，冠词，数词 句式：肯定句、否定句、疑问句、祈使句 时态：一般现在时 句子成分：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，补语,Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?,一、单词短语,1. want 用法,(1)汉意：想要 (2)词性：及物动词 (3)句型： 句型1：主语 + want + 宾语。 句型2：主语 + want + to + V.原 + 其他。 句型3：主语 + want + sb. + to + V.原 + 其他。 (4)例句： He wants three apples. They want to play games. Tom wanted Jim to do homework yesterday.,习 题,(1)Lucy wants _ breakfast at home. A. have B. having C. had D. to have (2)Tom wanted _ a doctor when he was a child. A. to are B. to is C. to be D. to am (3)Jim wants _ join the tennis club. (多选) A. he to B. him C. him to D. to,2. join 用法,(1)汉意：加入 (2)词性：及物动词 (3)英语中的“加入”： join 后跟表示：“组织”、“团体”、“党派”、“军队”等这样的群体词汇； join in 后跟表示：“竞赛”、“娱乐”、“游戏”等这样的活动词汇。 take part in 后跟表示活动的词汇，可与join in 互换；不同点在于，使用take part in 时，表示参与者以积极的态度加入活动中，并能起到一定的作用。,(4)例句： Jim wants to join us. He wants to join the army. Lucy joined in the ball game just now. Yao Ming will take part in the ball game. (5)易混句型： 如果说“与某人一起做某事“、“和在一起“则用join sb. in sth./doing sth Would you join me in a walk? 和我一起去散步好吗？ Ill join you in playing cards. 我会和你们一起打牌的。,习 题,(1) We will have a football match next Sunday, will you want _ us? A. join B. to join in C. join in D. to join (2) Lets go to _ the ball game. A. join B. to join in C. join in D. to join,3. 英语中的“说”,(1)单词：speak：说 、发言 say：说出 tell：告诉，讲 talk：谈话，交谈 (2)结构： speak + 语言： 说某种语言 I can speak English. 我会说英语 say + 一句话：说“” He says “Nice to meet you.” 他说“见到你很高兴。” say it in + 语言：用某种语言说某物 How to say it in English? 它用英语怎么说？ tell sb. sth. ：告诉某人某事 Lucy tells him a story. 露西告诉他一个故事。,talk with sb. = talk to sb. : 与某人交谈 He talked to/with his son. 他和他 的儿子交谈。 talk about sb./sth. : 谈论某事 He is talking about the accident. 他正在谈论这个事故。,习 题,(1) -Jim, can you _ this word in Chinese? - Yes, I can _ a little Chinese. A. speak , say B. say , speak C. tell , speak D. talk , say (2) He is going to _ at the meeting. A. talk B. say C. tell D. speak,4. 英语中的“也”,(1) too 用在肯定句、疑问句句尾，too前有逗号 (2) either 用在否定句句尾，either前有逗号 (3) also 用于肯定句，位置是行前be后 例句： He is a teacher, too. Is he a teacher, too? He isnt a teacher, either. He is also a teacher. He also likes playing football. (4) too 另一个含义“太”，后接形容词副词 too big 太大了 too slowly 太慢了,习 题：用“too” “either” “also” 填空,Tom: I like my English teacher. Do you like him, _? Jim: I like him, _. Lucy: I _ like him. He is _ kind. Lily: But I dont like him. Mary: I dont like him, _.,5. 英语中的“多义词play”,(1) “动词类”：踢、打、玩、拉、下 play football play basketball play games play chess play the violin play the piano 注意： play + 棋类名词/球类名词/游戏类 play + the + 乐器类名词 (2)“名词类”： 游戏、戏剧 Play is as necessary as work. 游戏同工作一样必要。 Do you enjoy the play? 你欣赏这出戏吗？,填 空：the / 不填,I can play _ football and she can play _ chess, but we cant play _ guitar. Lucy plays _ drums well, she also plays _ piano.,6. 英语中的“so”,(1)因此，所以：连词，连接2个句子，构成因果关系，但不能because一起用。 (2)这样，如此：副词，可以修饰形容词、副词；口语中常和“think”, ”hope”等连用 例句： It is late, so lets go home. Lets go home because its late. Its so cold. 天太冷了。 I think so. 我认为如此。 I hope so. 我希望如此,7. 英语中的”or”,(1) 或者、还是：常用疑问句、否定句，前后可以连接“词”、“短语”、“句子” (2)否则：表示转折关系 例句： Which one is nicer, the big one or the small one? He doesnt have a pen or a pencil. We must leave now, or we will miss the bus. 注意：and 和 or He ate two apples and a orange. He didnt ate two apples or a orange. 含有and的句子变成疑问或否定句时，and要改写成or,8. with 和 and,(1)with 表示“伴随”、“与一起” (2)and 表示“和一起” 例句： Tom and Jim go to school everyday. Tom with Jim goes to school everyday. 汤姆和吉姆每天上学。 汤姆跟着吉姆每天上学。 Tom goes to school with Jim everyday. 把and看成“加法”，with看成“减法”，句子中谓语动词填“原形”还是“单三”，要看人称到底是多少。,I have three dogs and I play _ after school. A. them B. with them C. they D. with they Your brother with me _ tennis together. A. play B. plaies C. plays D. playes Your brothers with me _ tennis together. A. play B. plaies C. plays D. playes,9. 英语在的“need”,词性(1)：及物动词，有各种变化 用法结构： 主语+ need + 名词/代词/动词不定式 例句： I need some water. Tom needs them. We needed to water the flowers. 词性(2)：情态动词， 用法结构： 主语+ need + 动词原形+其他。 例句： We need water the flowers.,10. make 短语,(1)汉意：“制作” (2)短语： make friends with 与交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸 make noises 制造噪音 make money 赚钱 make progress 取得进步 make tea 沏茶 make coffee 煮咖啡 sth. + be动词 + made + in + 地点 sth. + be动词 + made + of + 原料 sth. + be动词 + made + from + 原料,sth. + be动词 + made + in + 地点 sth. + be动词 + made + of + 原料 sth. + be动词 + made + from + 原料 例句： The car is made in China. 这辆车是中国制造。 The table is made of wood. 这桌子用树木做的。 The book is made of wood. 这本书是用树木做的。,11. 英语中的“call”,(1)动词：打电话；叫喊，呼叫 (2)名词：电话，通话 例句： Please call Tom at 86573467. 请打电话86573467给汤姆。 Listen, someone is calling. 听，有人在叫喊。 Dont forget to call me. 别忘了打电话给我。 Please give Tom a call. 请给汤姆打个电话。 (3)短语： 动词：call sb. at 电话号码 ； cal