动词不定式考点及练习.ppt

Grammar ：The Infinitive 动词不定式,B 7，Unit 1 Living well,To see is to believe. Its important to learn English well .,1. 主语,若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,My job to help the patient. Your task to clean the classroom.,is,is,2. 表语,I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again.,3 宾语,think/ consider/ find/feel it + adj.+ to do,常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： want, agree, afford, attempt, choose, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, fail, expect, hate, hesitate, hope, intend, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish 等。,想一想： 哪些动词常跟doing 作宾语？ 哪些动词既可以跟 to do作宾语也可以跟doing作宾语？,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.,引导不定式作宾补的动词：,warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等,+sb to do sth,4. 宾补,四看,watch,see,observe,notice,(1.)使役动词：三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉:,feel,(2.)感官动词,有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时要省略掉 to,e.g. I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work (by me).,注意,(2.) help 后面的“to”可省去,e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water.,(1.)在使役动词 let, make, have和感官动词feel; hear, listen to; watch,see, notice,observe等 后面,不定式作宾语补足语时要省“to” （注:被动 语态不能省to）,(3) 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的任何一种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to. （前有do，后省to）,She could do nothing but cry. You have no choice but to go. What do you like to do besides sleep?,I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.,5. 定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词, 则不定式中要有介词.),请给我一支写字的笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.,(1.) 表示目的: to in order to so as to,6 作状语,He got up early to catch the train.,I came here to see you.,(2.) 表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, right, wrong, rude, cruel, disappointed等。,eg: Im glad / pleased to see you. We were surprised to hear the news.,(3.) 结果状语:,注意:不定式往往表示与主观愿望相反（出乎意料） 的结果。,He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.,7.插入语,to be frank, to be honest, To begin with,To tell the truth, I dont agree with you.,类似的结构,归纳： 不定式可以充当些什么成分？,1. 作主语,2. 作表语,4. 作宾语补足语,3. 作宾语,5. 作定语,6. 作状语,7. 作插入语,三、用法,1. To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get. 2. My ambition is to become a lawyer. 3. My intention is to help you. 4. I am writing this to tell you something. 5. Do you have anything to say?,6. It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea. 7. I feel disappointed to hear that. 8. I plan to go with you. 9. Someone warned you not to go there.,Marty says,2. Then I started to get weaker and weaker.,Have A L k,Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.,3. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.,4. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.,Marty says,Marty says,5. Last year I inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.,6. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,考点1：动名词和不定式做主、表的区别,动名词：抽象、经常性、已经发生 不定式：具体、一次性、将要发生。 1. His favorite sports is _(swim). 2. His dream is _(be) a teacher. 3. What he always does on Sundays is _(shop). 4. _(learn) a foreign language is not easy.,考点2：动词后面能跟不定式作宾语,1. Lucy plans _(start) her own firm after graduation. 2. Dont worry. He will agree _(help) you. 3. Please remember_(lock) the door when you leave.,考点3：不定式做宾语补足语,The teacher asked us _ (finish) exercise 1. I warned you _(not go) there alone. The general order his soldiers _(fire). I saw a car_ (hit) the old man yesterday. She was made_(believe) that no man can be trusted. The man was seen （shoot）the woman on the street.,考点4：不定式作定语,1. 改错： Please give me a piece of paper to write. 2. He was the first one _ (know) it. 3. There is enough food _(last) for a month.,考点5：不定式作状语,The button should be easy _(reach). He hurried to the airport, only _(tell) the pop star had left. He finished reading the newspaper, _(find) nothing interesting.,疑问词 who,which, when, how, what等与不定式连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know what to say. (宾语) 他不知道说什么。 How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) 如何解决这个问题很重要。 My question is when to start. (表语) 我的问题是什么时候开始。,考点6、疑问词+不定式,考点7. 不定式的时态,to do to have done to be doing 1. It is said/believed/ reported/known that sb. = Sb. is said/believed/reported/known to 2. It seems that sb. =sb. seems to 3. sb. pretend to ,考点8：不定式的省略,My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up 2.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic. having been B. to have been C. to be D. being,B,C,4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay. to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave 5. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. Having sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. To sleep 6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off,B,D,C,8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _. school to study in B. school for children to study C. studying school D. school to study,A,9. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use. expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned 10.We find it impossible for us _ the work ahead of time. to be finished B. finishing C. being finished D. to finish 11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change? to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go,B,D,B,12._ a living, she had to work from morning till night. To make B. Made C. Making D. To have made 13. I would rather starve to death than _ for food. beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg 14.The boy pretended _ when his teacher entered. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read,A,A,C,15. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 16. I will make him _ it again. to try B. try c. tries D. trying,A,B,Exercise,1. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make 3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects,4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see 5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. it what to do with B. what to do with it C. what to do it with D. to do what with it 6. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. why,7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 8. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to,10. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating 11. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 12. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A.