实用艺术英语unit6C.ppt

Unit 6 Text C A Child Prodigy Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,1 Considered by nearly all musical authorities to be one of the most brilliant child prodigies who ever lived, young Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart began composing his own music at the age of four! By six, Mozart was already performing for kings and queens all over Europe. Mozart lived to be only 35, but during his short life he wrote more than 600 pieces of music. 2 Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria on 27 January 1756. His father was Leopold Mozart, a composer of some note, an excellent violinist, court musician and chamber composer to the court of the Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg. Leopold was also the author of “The Violin School”, one of the best books of its time for the teaching and training of violinists. His mother, born Maria Anna Pertl, married Leopold in 1747 and gave birth to 7 children, of which only Mozart and his five-year-older sister Maria Anna (Nannerl) survived. Both children at an early age showed a remarkable musical talent and Leopold began to devote all his spare time and energy to further their skills.,3 Nannerl was a skilled pianist by age 8 when the three-year-old Mozart began to spend hours at the clavier, exploring sounds, intervals and chords. Encouraged in this, he began to receive systematic training by Leopold and soon began to show amazing skills for improvising, playing at sight sheet music and the ability to create music on his own. By observing his father playing the violin, Mozart was able to pick up the rudiments of playing it himself, astonishing everyone at a musical gathering by playing at first sight a second violin part in a string trio. At five, Mozart was composing at the clavier and writing out (badly, at first) his works, Leopold then copied them over into more neat, musically correct forms. Mozart quickly learned how to write down the music himself, but for many years Leopold would supervise, then correct and make a clean copy of the works. This led initially to people believing that Leopold was the true composer of many of the early works by Mozart, or at least was “improving” them.,4 From 1774 to the middle of 1777 saw a greater outpouring of work by Mozart. He wrote a set of string quartets while in Vienna and, when back home, wrote a series of his earliest symphonies. For the 1775 Carnival season in Munich, he composed an opera La Finta Giardiniera K.196 that was a decided improvement over his previous opera efforts. In 1775 alone he composed at least four, perhaps five violin concertos, while over the course of the next few years came several piano concertos, more symphonies, six piano sonatas as well as church music. 5 In 1778, Mozart threw himself into composing somewhat in the French style in order to make a name for himself. Two concerto works, two ballets (a sketch only), and the first great symphony #31 K.297 in D the “Paris” were all composed within 13 weeks.,6(1) The years 1779-1780 back home saw three more symphonies, various church works, 2 concertos and many serenades produced. But still it was opera that Mozart longed to succeed at and Salzburg did not boast of any such opportunities. Hence, when one such opportunity arrived in 1780 to write one for Carnival season in Munich, as he did in 1775, Mozart was highly interested. This time it was to be a serious opera, not buffa. Mozart accepted and went off to Munich, and the letters between him and his father back home are a rich source of information on how Mozart approached operatic composition. The work was Idomeneo K.366, perhaps the greatest opera serial written, a big success in which Mozart depicted serious, heroic emotion with great skill and richness by using vivid orchestral scores with well-designed and expressive recitative.,6(2) Idomeneo was one of Mozarts finest creations, with its innovation of new dramatic devices, its Sturm und Drang intensity, its moments of compassion and pathos, along with the glorious music. For all its faults in terms of length and mediocre, old-fashioned writing by its librettist, this work has gained in esteem over the years, since it acts as a sort of “transition” from all that Mozart had learned in the past, to the new wonders he was to create in the future. It was indeed a landmark work for him and helped re-establish his reputation, as well as providing a needed boost to his morale.,7 Mozart achieved some success during his lifetime, but much of his music did not become famous until after his death. He always had to struggle to earn enough money, and when he died he was buried in an unmarked grave. Today, however, many people consider him the most outstanding musical genius the world has ever known.,Exercises of Text C,Part One Choose the best answer to each question.,1. From the first paragraph, we can infer that _. A. Mozart is a short-lived but productive composer B. at the age of four, Mozart had been touring and giving performance all over the Europe C. people from all walks of life agree that Mozart is a born musician D. in the musical world, there are numerous prodigies as sparkling as Mozart 2. What was the attitude of his father towards Mozarts interest in music? A. His father trained him only occasionally when he was free. B His father encouraged him, trained him and led him to tour around Europe to perform. C. His father was busy at playing in the court and had no time at all to guide him. D. His father was absolutely indifferent to his interest in music.,3. As a small child, Mozart was _. A. bored with practicing the piano B. unable to understand his fathers play of the violin C. taught playing the violin by his father D. able to play music at sight 4. When Mozart was five years old, he was able to _. A. play the violin and piano skillfully B. write music without his fathers supervision C. compose his own works and write them down D. get the chance to play in the court 5. Mozart once composed some works of French flavor because _. A. he was interested in French music B. he wanted to be well-known C. he was eager to get away from the court D. he was influenced by his father,6. Idomeneo K.366, perhaps the greatest opera serial written, has _. A. marvelous librettos by its author B. some well-designed and expressive dialogues C. a completely comedic effect D. some new dramatic writing skills 7. Which one of his works acted as the major achievement that helped Mozart to rebuild his confidence? A. La Finta Giardiniera K.196. B. #31 K.297 in D the “Paris”. C. Idomeneo K.366. D. The Marriage of Figaro. 8. During the lifetime of Mozart, he _. A. devoted himself to music without worrying about his life B. established himself as the most outstanding musical genius C. played happily in the court of the Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg. D. composed many pieces of music, many of which remained unknown until after his death,Part Two Fill in the blanks with the words given below and change the forms where necessary.,1. His _ action has left a deep impression on peoples minds. 2. The pianist forgot his music and had to _ the accompaniment. 3. A great wave of _ had swept away his indifference and impatience. 4. This song expresses the authors intense _ of exuberant emotion.,heroic supervise recitative outpouring morale transition compassion innovation expressive improvise,heroic,improvise,compassion,outpouring,5. The songs, sometimes accompanied with dance movements, were _ and delightful. 6. The year 1959 along with the decade that follows can be characterized as a period of musical _ in Cuba. 7. He is an _ high school band composer who takes music education to the next level by utilizing the power of the internet. 8. A music _, also sometimes called a musical director, is an individual who combines music and visual media.,heroic supervise recitative outpouring morale transition compassion innovation expressive improvise,expressive,transition,innovative,supervisor,Part Three Make ready for a presentation on the Child prodigy - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart after discussing the following topics in group. 1. The course of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart from a child prodigy to a famous composer. 2. The works composed by Mozart and his composing styles 3. The great influence of his father on him,Part Four Write a composition with some phrases picked up from the above passage at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 莫扎特的创作经历 2. 莫扎特的独特风格 3. 莫扎特对于后来音乐创作的影响,Worlds Famous Opera-houses,芬兰国家歌剧院 Finnish National Opera,匈牙利国家歌剧院 The Hungarian State Opera House,法国巴士底歌剧院 Opera de Paris Bastille,维也纳金色大厅 Vienna Musikverein,The End,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 1 年轻的莫扎特在四岁时开始创作自己的音乐,因此几乎所有的音乐权威都认为他是有史以来最优秀的天才儿童。六岁时，莫扎特已经开始为全欧洲的国王和王后表演。虽然莫扎特只活了短短三十五年，但在他短暂的一生中他写了600多部音乐作品。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 2 莫扎特于1756年1月27日出生在奥地利的萨尔斯堡。他的父亲利奥波得莫扎特是一个小有名气的作曲家，优秀的小提琴家，宫廷乐手，是萨尔茨堡大主教室内乐作曲家。利奥波得也是小提琴学校这本书的作者，这本书是当时教授和培训小提琴家最好的教材之一。他的母亲安娜玛丽亚波特尔在1747年嫁给利奥波得，俩人共生了七个孩子，而只有莫扎特和比他大五岁的姐姐玛利亚安娜（Maria Anna ）（昵称南妮儿（Nannerl）存活下来。这两个孩子早期就表现出惊人的音乐才能，而且利奥波得开始把自己所有的闲暇时间和精力都用在培养这两个孩子的技能上。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 3 南妮八岁时已经是一个技术娴熟的钢琴家了，这时候三岁的莫扎特开始学习练琴，探求声音、音程、和弦的知识。在父亲的鼓励下，他开始接受父亲系统的训练，而且很快在即席创作和乐谱演奏和独立创造音乐上表现出了惊人的才能。通过观察父亲演奏小提琴，莫扎特也能够自己演奏一些简单的小提琴曲，在一次音乐聚会上，他让所有的人都很惊讶目睹他仅看了一眼一部小提琴三重奏的第二部分就能进行演奏。五岁时，莫扎特开始利用键盘作曲，而且第一次写出了自己的作品（虽然不是很好），然后利奥波得把这个作品抄写下来，改成了比较紧凑而且正确的音乐格式。莫扎特很快就学会了如何自己写乐曲，但是很多年以来，利奥波德一直会对他的作品进行指导、改正、修订。开始时，这让很多人都以为利奥波德是莫扎特早期作品的真正作者，或者至少是他改进了这些作品。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 4 从1774年到1777年,莫扎特创作了许多作品。在维也纳，他写了一系列四重奏曲，回到家后，又创作了他早期的一些交响乐作品。在1775年慕尼黑狂欢节上，他创作了歌剧假扮园丁的姑娘序曲，这也是自他早期的歌剧创作以来的一个决定性的进步。仅在1775年一年里，他就创作了至少四首，或者说五首小提琴协奏曲，而在接下来的几年里，又创作了一些钢琴协奏曲，更多的交响乐，六部钢琴奏鸣曲和教堂音乐。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 5 1778年，为了一举成名，莫扎特投身于创作带有法国风格的音乐。两部协奏曲，两部芭蕾舞曲（只有一个初稿）和第一部交响乐D大调第三十一交响曲“巴黎”都是在十三个周内创作完成的。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 6(1) 1779-1780回到家乡后，他又做了三首交响乐，各种教堂音乐，两首协奏曲，和许多的小夜曲。但是莫扎特一直想要成功的创作歌剧作品，而萨尔茨堡并不提供这种机会。所以，当1780年终于有这样一个机会，那是要为慕尼黑狂欢节写一部歌剧，就像他1775年写过的一样，莫扎特非常感兴趣。这次是一个严肃歌剧，而不是一部喜剧。莫扎特欣然接受，然后离家前往慕尼黑。他和远在家乡的父亲之间的书信给他的歌剧创作提供了丰富的资源。这部伊多梅纽斯可能是一部最伟大而且获得成功的严肃歌剧系列作品，在该作品中，莫扎特运用了管弦乐队的配乐和设计精美，表现力强的朗诵调，巧妙而且丰富的描述了严肃的英雄主义感情。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 6(2) 伊多梅纽斯是莫扎特最优秀的一部作品,这是因为它创新地使用了一些新的戏剧技巧，有狂飙突进的强烈，有怜悯和悲伤的瞬间，还有绚丽的音乐。这部作品除了关于长度和词作者所写的平庸、陈旧的歌词的不足之处外，多年来它一直赢得了尊重，因为这意味着一种转变，从莫扎特学习前人的作品，到他自己开始创造一些未来的奇迹。这确实是他人生的一个里程碑，而且重新树立了他的名声，同时极大的鼓舞了他的士气。,参考译文C 神童沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特 7 莫扎特生前取得了一些成就，但是他的很多音乐作品直到他死后才为大家所知。他经常很艰难地赚钱，而死后则被埋葬在一块普通的墓地上。然而今天，许多人认为他是当今世界上最有名的音乐天才。,Writing example Mozart was born in Salzburg into a musical family and showed indications of prodigious abilities at a very young age. When he was five years old, he could both read and write music and had precocious skills as a keyboard and violin player. Much of his childhood and adolescence was taken up with tours. In 1773, aged 17, he accepted a post as a court musician in Salzburg, but was unhappy with his low pay and limited opportunities. In 1781, when during a visit to Vienna, he was dismissed from his court position and chose to stay. He spent the rest of his busy life in Vienna, where he achieved relative fame. Mozarts music, like Haydns, stands as an archetypal example of the Classical style. Mozarts own stylistic development closely paralleled the development of the classical style as a whole. In addition, he was a versatile composer and wrote in almost every major genre. The central traits of the classical style can be identified in Mozarts music. Clarity, balance, and transparency are hallmarks of his work. The influence Mozart had on later composers through the example of his works. Following the surge in his reputation after his death, the study of works by Mozart became part of the training of every classical musician, and has been ever since. Ludwig van Beethoven, whose life overlapped with Mozarts, seems to have been particularly and strongly influenced by him. A number of composers have paid homage to Mozart by writing sets of variations on his themes.,Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 沃尔夫冈阿玛多伊斯莫扎特（公元1756年1791年），出生地于奥地利萨尔斯堡，3岁已显露音乐才能，4岁随父亲学钢琴，5岁即作曲，6岁又随父亲学小提琴。1763年起到欧洲各国作为期10年的旅行演出，1781年到维也纳谋生。他一生共创作了75部作品，留下了费加罗的婚礼、唐璜、后宫诱逃、魔笛等著名歌