宾语从句讲解课件(1上课用.ppt

宾语从句讲解 制作人：沈明阁,Noun Clause: Functions as a NOUN in a sentence.,Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名词在句中可以充当什么成分?,Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power . 3.We Chinese are peace-loving.,subject,object,predicative,subject,subject,apposition,predicative,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句 subject clause,宾语从句 object clause,表语从句 predicative clause,同位语从句 appositive clause,What kind of clauses are they?,1. What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. 2.Why she did this is still unknown. 3.Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. 4.Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.,名词性从句中的连接词有: 连词: that( 不能省）/ whether / as if(though); 连接代词: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever， 连接副词: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。,（1） 名词性从句构成有3种,b. if/whether + 陈述句 No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.,c. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.,That + 陈述句 That light travels in straight lines is known to all.,宾语从句：1.从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 实意动词do和介词后） 连词：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us . 3) I am afraid that he didnt call me . 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.,2. 宾语从句,1.必须由 a conjunction（连词） (that, whether, or if, what) 来引导名词性从句. 2.从句必须为连词加陈述句的语序. 3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。,考点：,He asked,Why are you so happy ?,Why you were so happy ?,Am I taller than you?,if/whether,He asked,He taller than them.,was,1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. He asks me. Are they playing a game? 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4.Who bought the pen? He wondered. ,Tom said that he was reading a book.,He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.,He told me Where the Hospital was.,He wondered who bought the pen.,1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句 a当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if. eg: I dont know whether I will stay or not. b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. c.引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whether Eg. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. d. Whether可以引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可以 e. Whether可以与不定式连用,2.注意whether和if的使用区别,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.,whether/if,whether,whether,用if 或whether 填空,2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留 a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that 从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略. eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.,3.think, believe ,suppose, expect等当宾语从句是，如果从句表达的意思是否定的，要把not提前到主句中来。,Eg. I dont think you are right. I dont suppose he cares, does he?,根据汉语提示，完成句子。,1.He says_ _.(他说他爸爸三天后回来) 2.Our teacher asks _ _.(昨天谁打碎了玻璃) 3.Please tell me_ _.(他们正在谈论什么),that his father will be back,in three days,who broke the,window yesterday,what they are,talking about,高考考点：,连接词选择的三个步骤： 1）由空前词判定从句类型； 2）找出从句所缺成分； 3) 结合每个连词本身功能最后确定选择对象。,二，主语从句,充当复合句的主语，常置于be动词或实义动词前。 eg. What you need is more practice. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 由that引导的主语从句常用it作形式主语。 Its not your fault that this has happened.,三，表语从句,充当复合句的表语，常置于be动词或系动词seem, feel, look等后 Eg. Thats what we should do. Reason后的表语从句只能用that引导，但reason后的定语从句可以用why/that引导，because只能用于it做主语。 Eg. The reason was that the heavy rain prevented him from coming. The reason why we didnt trust him is that he has often lied. It is because he has often lied， so that we didnt trust him.,四，同位语从句,1.同位语从句与定语从句比较近似，但只能跟在idea, fact, news, hope, belief, doubt, thought等名词后。 eg, We are surprised at the fact that the children did it on their own. 3. I doubt if Theres no doubt that Eg. I doubt if he will comes on time. There is no doubt that he will come on time.,2.同位语从句和定语从句的区别： that作为关系代词, 可以引导定语从句, 充当句子成分, 在从句中作宾语时可以省略; that引导同位语从句时, 起连词的作用, 没有实际意义，不充当句子成分, 一般不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句: 1）The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is very good. （that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略） 2）The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.（that引导同位语从句）,Difficulties,1.that/what That在名词性从句中不充当从句任何成分，但在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 what在名词性从句中充当主语、宾语。 Eg, That he came late made the teacher energy. What he said was true. The book（ that ）he gave me is red.,2.whether/if 1)Whether可置于句首，if不能 Eg. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 2）whether可引导表语从句或同位语从句 Eg. The question is whether it is worth trying. 3) Whether可做介词宾语 Eg. I havent settled the question of whether Ill lend him the money 4）whether后可以接不定式 Eg. I didnt know whether to get married or to wait. 5) Whether 与or not连用 Eg. Whether it rains or not , I dont care.,3.Who/whoever/no matter who,Who引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义 Whoever不含有疑问意义=anyone who No matter who只能引导让步状语从句 Eg. Whoever broke the window should be punished. Whoever/no matter who broke the window, he should be punished. Who broke the window is still a question.,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what Bwhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.They received orders _ the work be done at once Awhich Bwhen C Dthat 4.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant