英语专题复习分词ppt.ppt

分词做状语,分词主要是指现在分词和过去分词两种。分词做状语主要有以下几种形式： 1.如果分词和句中的主语是主动的关系，则用现在分词形式 A.如果现在分词表示的动作和谓语表示的动作或状态是同时发生的或几乎同时发生： Doing sth, sb/sth. Eg. Walking down the street, she saw a big building.,B. 如果分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动词所表示的动作才发生，则现在分词需用完成形式 ： Having done sth, sb/sth Eg. Having already seen the film twice, she did not want to go to the cinema. C. 否定形式，在分词前加NOT: Not doing sth, sb/sth Eg: Not knowing her address, we could not get in touch with her. Not having done sth, sb/sth. Eg: Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to them.,2.如果分词和句中的主语是被动的关系，则用过去分词形式. A. Done., sb/sth Eg: Encouraged by these successes, they decided to work even harder. B. Having been done, sb/sth Eg: Having been given enough attention, the flowers grow very well C. Not done, sb/sth Eg: Not followed by any spies, 007 felt relieved. Not having been done, sb/sth Eg: Not having been told when to start, he came late,Attention!,分词做状语，要特别注意，分词所表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态，也就是说，分词的意义上的主语必须和谓语动词的主语是一致的。试比较下面的句子： 1Walking through the park, we saw a lot of pigeons. -正确 Walking 是we 的动作 2. Walking through the park, the pigeons looked very beautiful.-错误 3. Seen from the top of the mountain, the village looks like a small box.-正确。 4. Seen from the top of the mountain, we find the village looks like a small box.-错误,现在分词做状语： The ing form used as an adverbial, which is used to talk about actions that happen around the same time as the main verb. A. Indicating TIME Eg. Flying over the Channel, Allen saw the waves below. (When he was flying ) Entering my house, I found a lot of books lying on the floor. (As soon as I entered the house),Note :If you have already done sth before the main verb, the present perfect has to be used. Eg. Having made full preparations, we are ready for the coming exams. (After we have made,) Having bought three tickets, I invited my students to the play. (After I had bought),B. Indicating REASON Being ill seriously last week, he stayed in hospital for a week. (Since he was ill last week.,) Not knowing where to go, he wandered along the streets. ( Since he didnt know ,) She sent a letter to her father, hoping to get his support. ( because she hoped to get his support.),C. Indicating ATTENDANT CIRCUMSTANCE（伴随） EG. 1. The rooster pecked at the glittering stone, thinking that it might be useful to someone else. 2. Blackie ran over to the window, barking and wagging his tail. 3. The children walked along the West Lake, talking and laughing,D. Indicating MANNER（方式） Eg. 1. Three times the villagers came running to the shepherd boy. 2. On hearing the news, he rushed out in a hurry, falling flat on the ground. 3. The boy played truant （逃学），hitchhiking 1000 miles from England to France. E. Indicating PURPOSE 1. I talked to John for three hours, trying to persuade him to give up his plan. (in order to) 2. We asked some scientists and looked up the dictionaries, searching for a correct answer to our question.(in order to),F. Indicating CONDIION Eg. 1. Going straight down the road, you will find the post office. You cant miss it. (if) 2. Working hard, youll succeed. (if) 以上状语结构的否定形式都在-ing 分词前加not。 Eg. 1. Not hearing the bell, the naughty boy dashed out of the classroom. 2. Not realizing what happened, the mother burst out crying.,Conj.+-ing (present participle) as an adverbial when, while, before, after, since +-ing as an adverbial to express time eg. 1. When meeting foreign guests, he always feels uneasy .= (When he meets,) 2. While eating supper, I often watch English news.= (When I eat ,) 3. After doing his homework, Tom went out to play football with his friends. =(After he had done,) 4. Since leaving school, Ive never seen some of my university classmates. = (Since I left ,),过去分词-ed as adverbial 作状语 A表示时间 1After the party of the people were armed with the modern detector, they went into the cave to explore. Armed with the modern detector, the party of the people went into the cave to explore. 2When the town is seen from the hill, it looks beautiful. Seen from the hill, the town looks beautiful,B.表示原因 1.Because she was deeply moved by the film, she couldnt help crying even after the movie. Deeply moved by the film, she couldnt help crying even after the film. 2. Because the suspect was injured in the accident, he had to be sent to hospital before he could answer the policemans questions. Injured in the accident, the suspect had to be sent to hospital before he could answer the policemans questions. 3. Since the old army man was urged by the children, he told them his own experience of crossing the snow-topped mountain. Urged by the children, the old army man the old army man told them about his own experience of crossing the snow-topped mountain,C. 表示条件 1. If they were given more time, he would be able to complete the task better. Given more time, they would be able to complete the task better. 2. If a thief is caught by the police, he will be sent to the police station at once. Caught by the police, he will be sent to the police station at once. D. Conj. +-ed participle “连词+-ed分词”作状语 1When asked to make a speech, he said he would be glad to do so. 2Once recovered, he went all out to do his work. 3He will be imprisoned if caught by the police.,E表示伴随 1. The manager rode down the main street. He was followed by a group of children. The manager rode down the main street, followed by a group of children. 2. He continued to walk up and down. He was greatly disturbed by the news. He continued to walk up and down, greatly disturbed by th