《称谓语的翻译》PPT课件.ppt

称谓语的翻译,排行+亲属词 译为序数词+亲属词这样翻译，虽然词汇上对应，但语义上并非完全对等，汉语排行称谓所反映的民族风情，译语读者仍是很难感受。由于两个民族的社会和民族心理不同，汉语中习惯用排行称谓，英语习惯用姓名称谓，翻译时可以把排行称谓直接译为姓名称谓，那么这种翻译方法就是归化法，也可以采用异化的翻译方法，即序数词+亲属词,1）一天，邻居王二婶不小心把钥匙锁在家里，很多热心人都前来帮忙，但都无济于事。 One day, through carelessness, Wang Ers wife, one of the elderly neighbors, locked herself out. 2）王二婶感激万分，特意买来一盒过滤嘴香烟，非要塞给他。 To express her gratitude, Mrs. Wang bought a pack of filter cigarettes and insisted that he accept it.,3) 前不久，王嫂又给他介绍一位叫蓉蓉的姑娘。 Not long ago, Mrs. Wang introduced him to another girl, called Rongrong. 5) 第一要算我们老栓叔运气；第二是夏三爷赏了25两雪白的银子，独自落腰包，一文不花。 Our Old Shuan was luckiest, and after him Third Uncle Xia. He pocketed the whole reward-twenty-five taels of bright silver-and didnt have to spend a cent.,6）村人看见赵七爷到村，都赶紧吃完饭，聚在七斤家饭桌的周围。 Seventh Master Zhaos arrival in the village made all the villagers finish their supper quickly and gather round Sevenpounders table.,7) 我孩子时候，在斜对门的豆腐店里确乎终日坐着一个杨二嫂，人都叫伊“豆腐西施”。 When I was a child there was a Mrs. Yang who used to sit nearly all day long in the beancurd shop across the road, and everybody used to call her Beancurd Beauty.,8) 他的态度终于恭敬起来了，分明的叫道：“老爷！” Finally, assuming a respectful attitude, he said clearly: “Master! ”,9) 虽说故乡，然而已没有家，所以只得暂寓在鲁四老爷的宅子里。他是我的本家，比我长一辈，应该称之曰“四叔”。 I call it my hometown, but I put up at the house of a Fourth Uncle since he belongs to the generation before mine in my clan.,10）四妹，时间不早了，要逛动物园就得赶快走。 Huifang! Its getting late. Well have to get a move on if you want to see the zoo.,讲礼貌、尚谦让是中华民族的传统美德，人们在说话时总是尽量谦卑，于人唯恐礼数不周，于是在社交称谓中产生了谦称和敬称。比如先生晚生 贤弟愚弟 夫人贱内令郎犬子大人下官 汉语中的自称称谓语有很多 朕孤 微臣下官 奴才小的 弟子 妾 奴家 贫道 贫僧 鄙人 英语里面自称称谓语一般只有第一人称代词 所以在汉译英中一般把那些自称称谓词译为英语的第一人称代词,11) 雨村起身也让道：“老先生请便。晚生乃常造之客，稍候何妨。” “Dont stand on ceremony, sir” said Yu-tsun, rising. “I am a regular guest here, I dont mind waiting.”,称呼别人用尊称是汉语的习惯，老太太 老太爷 世翁 恩师 令郎 千金 英语中的对称语只有第二人称代词 陛下 Your/his/her Majesty your/ his/her/ honor your/his/her lordship 汉语中的尊称可以译为对应的英语的尊称 或在指称名词前加上honorable respected worthy 等词，以使称谓语的语义相当。,12) 小人告了一年的状，竟无人作主；求大老爷拘拿凶犯，以扶善良，存殁感激不尽。 I lodged a charge a year ago, but nothing came of it. I beg Your Honor to arrest the criminals, punish the evil-doers and help the widow and the orphan. Then both the living and the dead will be ever-lastingly grateful.,13)“这就是尊夫人了？” 张医生问道。 “Is this your worthy wife?” asked Dr. Chang.,声音词的翻译,声音词是以模仿动作事物的声音构成的词。它的所指意义是模仿的声音，语用意义是该词的修辞效果。声音词的突出功能就是美感功能，使语言生动鲜明，绘声绘色，增加艺术效果。英汉语都有声音词，由于词语构成和声音象征性的不同，汉译英时需注意酌情调整，特别要留心常用声音词的对应关系。,14）轰的一声，房子塌了。 The house collapsed with a bang. 15）一声炸雷，把孩子吓得哇的一声哭了。 Suddenly came a rumbling thunder, which frightened the child into a loud cry.,16）天空更暗了，接着来的是豆大的雨点，啪嗒啪嗒落在地上。 The sky was becoming darker still, then large heavy drops of rain began pitter-pattering on the ground.,17）蛙声咯咯，渠水淙淙，稻苗上的清风如泣如诉，恰似时隐时现的和弦。 Outside frogs were croaking, the waters in the ditch gurgling, and the wind blowing over the paddy seedbeds, complainingly and weepingly, like so many intermittent chords.,18）在灰沉沉的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息里索洛地下起雨来了。 A sudden gust of cool wind crosses the somber sky, and a patter of rain begins. 19）正中的门呀地开了一半。 The center door creaks half-open.,20）“嘎-”传来一声水禽被惊动的鸣叫。 “Quack!” came the cry of a startled water bird. 21）“砰-”老杨开枪了。 “Bang!” Old Yang fired. 22）老杨只是嘿嘿笑了几声，拍着枪连声说：“好枪，好枪！” Old Yang chuckled, patted the gun and said, “Excellent shotgun! Excellent indeed!”,因境择词 22) 登！登！登！一阵楼板响，匪徒们上楼了。 Then followed a loud clump, clump, they rushed up the stairs. 23) 她说着就登登登地下楼了。 With these words she clattered downstairs.,24) 啪地一声响，那支象牙鸦片烟枪断成两截。 Crack! The long ivory opium-pipe broke into two. 25) 啪地一声，老人把鸟笼的门给关上了。 The old man slid down the cage-door with a click.,因境删减 26) 妈妈扑哧笑了，我