定语从句考点分析.ppt

定 语 从 句,简述 一、关系代词that,which,who,whom引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语,例句： I saw the boy who lost his book. Did you see the mail that/which came yesterday? We found the old ship under the sea that we had talked about the year before. They helped the girl whom they found in the street. 比较： I saw the boy. He lost his book. Did you see the mail? The mail came yesterday. We found the old ship under the sea. We had talked about it the year before. They helped the girl. They found her in the street.,Exercises:用that,which,who,whom合并下面各句中的简单句，使其成为含有限制性定语从句的复合句。,I bought a new car. It cost me 80,000 yuan. 2. What has happened to the radio? It was on my bed. 3. He is the man. You should know him. 4. They are the people. They offered Sue a job. Their door has now been repaired.It was broken.,I bought a new car which/that cost me 80,000 yuan,What has happened to the radio which/that was on my bed?,He is the man (whom) you should know.,They are the people who offered Sue a job.,Their door which/that was broken has now been repaired.,在下面短文中填入正确的关系代词,I arrived at Gateway Airport. The person _ checked my passport was a stammerer _ spoke English with great difficulty. I listened to him, checking every word _ was coming to my ears. As a foreign visitor_ came to the UK for the first time, it was the most challenging experience _ I had ever had. My host _ I stayed with thought it the most amusing story _ he had ever heard of. The story was told to many of my friends _ later put it onto the stage show as a lesson _ foreign students had to learn.,who,who,that,who,that,whom,that,who,that/which,简述二、where,when,why关系副词所引导的限制性定语从句,例句：The machinery factory where I worked 20 years ago is going to close down. I still remember the time when we were very poor. I will never forget the years when I was a worker in this car factory. Tell me the reason why he was killed. 比较：The machinery factory is going to close down. I worked in the factory 20 years ago. I still remember that time. We were very poor at that time. I will never forget those days. I was a worker in this car factory in those years. Tell me the reason. He was killed for that reason.,Exercises,在下列短文中分别填入where,when,why. I worked in a machinery factory_ I worked for three years. The year _ I was 19 years old was very important to me. I was admitted to a college _ I learned English. The reason _ I chose to learn English is quite simple. I like it. 用或合并下面各句中的简单句，使其成为含有限定性定语从句的复合句。,where,when,where,why,Exercises,That is the reason. He didt turn up for that reason. The school is quite big. I taught in that school ten years ago. April 1st ,2001is the time. The mid-air collision took place over the Chinese sea. I dont know the reason. She cried for that reason. You cant swim in the sea. There are a lot of sharks in the sea.,That is the reason why he didnt turn up.,The school where I taught ten years ago is quite big.,April 1st,2001 is the time when the mid-air collision took place over the Chinese sea.,I dont know the reason why she cried.,You cant swim in the sea where there are a lot of sharks.,简述三、非限制性定语从句,引导词：who, whom, whose, which, when, where 例句： Kobe, who is a member of the Lakes, played beautifully during the important game. Mr Smith, whom Ive long been looking for, is here in China, is a good friend of mine. The American EP-3 spy plane, whose engine failed after the collision, landed in Hainan. April1st, which is called April Fools Day, is approaching. My son was born in 1949,when China was liberated. He stayed in Abington, where there was a huge European atomic project.,Exercises,1.填词。 I am planning to go on holiday in Korea, _ is said to be very nice in October, _ it is very cool. I will stay with Mr King, _ family is quite large, lives in Seoul. Seoul, _ is the capital of the Republic of Korea, is an important industrial city _ population is about 9 million. 2.改错。 Mongolia, which I stayed for five weeks in 1996, is a beautiful country its population is only a little more than 2 million. Mr Barton, with who I stayed, was a very strong young man born in 1965, that Mongolian was on friendly terms with Russia.,which,when,whose,which,whose,where,whose,whom,where,Have a try,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ),主语 宾语 定语 宾语,Have a try,5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( ),定语 介宾 宾语 状语,考点一：that和which,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。 e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.,考点一：that和which,3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly.,考点二：连接词which的用法,Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it,B B,Good!,考点三：介词+关系代词,* “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which,D,D,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure. 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,关系代词前介词的确定,4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,关系代词前的介词的确定,5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,Can you work them out?,Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions: 1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live. 2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,for,about,on,without,考点四:关系副词的运用,在限定性和非限定性从句中，when的先行词是时间名词，where的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。 e.g.1. After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year, _ for the first time their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when,B D,考点五：as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.,Go on please!,4. as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。 e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. Is that factory which your father once worked in? 3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,_,(去掉),which,_,to,the one,Correct the sentences:,5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them. 6. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. 8. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correct the sentences:,9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. 10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy. 11. We heard the news which our team won the game. 12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,Correct the sentences:,13. Those at the desk want to buy tickets write down your names. 14. That was the reason because she looked old. 15. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school. 16. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.,as,who,_,_,_,gives,why,Correct the sentences:,17. It is the one of the best films that have been shown recently. 18. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou. 19. Which is known to all, many satellite are going around in the sky. 20. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.,that,_,_,has,As,that,_,_,Correct the sentences:,21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 22. The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today. 23. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory. 24. The bike by which I travelled was his.,as,_,Whose,_,that,_,on,_,历届高考英语单项选择题精选（五）定语从句,1.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose (89) 2.She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that (91) 3.In the dark street , there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom (92) 4.The weather turned out to be very good , _ was more than we could expect. A.what B.which C.that D.it (92) 5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A.which B.where C.that D.when (96),D,B,D,B,B,Go on!,6Carol said the work would be done by October.personally I doubt very much. A. it B.that C.when D.which (99) 7Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy. Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat (2000) 8.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _ was very reasonable. A.which price C.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose 9._ has alrea