2019年高中英语Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernheroSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

Nelson Mandela a modern heroNelson Mandela, the first black president of South Africa who was a symbol (象征) of social justice (公正), passed away on Dec. 5, 2013. His death is a great loss to the whole world, since this modern hero, who used to fight for the black people, helped the black people get the same rights as white people, and began a school to help those who had little learning even during the time when he was put into prison. He was the one who always gave priority to (优先考虑) his nation.Nelson was a great man, but he was more than a great man. He was, is, and always will be a hero. In my view, being a hero means more than making great achievements. In fact, heroes are extraordinary (非凡的), because their hearts are filled with love for people. It is this love that makes them heroes, rather than great men.So this is the difference between great men and heroes. What makes a hero is not only ones achievements, but also his selfless (无私的) love. With great achievements and selfless love, the person can become a true hero, just like Nelson Mandela.Section_Warming Up & Reading Prereading原文呈现 读文清障ELIAS STORYMy name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.lawyer lj n律师to whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词the black lawyer。介词to与从句中的went搭配(go to sb. for advice去某人处寻求建议)。guidance aIdns n指导；领导legal lil adj.法律的；依照法律的；合法的be generous with/about在方面慷慨大方for which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。介词for与从句中的grateful搭配(be grateful for sth.对某事非常感激)。school n(抽象名词)学校教育where I studied for only two years是where引导的定语从句，修饰the school。fee fi n费(会费、学费等)；酬金fare n费(车费、船费、飞机票价等)This is/was a time when .这是一个的时期。when引导定语从句，修饰a time。passbook psbk n南非共和国有色人种的身份证Johannesburg dhnIsb n约翰内斯堡(南非城市)out of work 失业伊莱亚斯的故事第12段译文我叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。(当时)我才12岁，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。他向那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的帮助。我6岁开始上学，我仅仅读了两年的那所学校有3千米远。我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。我既不太会读，也不怎么会写。几经周折，我才在一家金矿上找到一份工作。然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我担心我是不是会失业。The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League， I joined it as soon as I could. He said：“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. ”papers n证件hopeful hpfl adj.怀有希望的；有希望的become/be hopeful about对充满希望youth ju n青年；青年时期league li n同盟；联盟；联合会，Youth League青年团as soon as I could我尽可能早地see此处用了拟人化的写作手法，意为“目睹；见证”。本句运用了“see宾语宾补”结构。stage steId n舞台；阶段；时期where we have .是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a stage。第34段译文纳尔逊曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子之一。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来更充满了希望。我永远也忘不了他是多么的善良。当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：,“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said：“. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful； when this was not allowed . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.”As a matter of fact， I do not like violence . but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.vote vt vt.& vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决in which they had to live是in which引导的定语从句，修饰the parts of town。where they were .是where引导的定语从句，修饰the places outside the towns。as Nelson Mandela said是as引导的定语从句，as意为“正如”，指代下面的一段话。in which we had either . or .是in which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a position。 position后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语则用where或in which。attack tk vt.进攻；攻击；抨击which was peaceful是which引导的定语从句，修饰a way。in a way which was peaceful in a peaceful way。allow vt.允许allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事violence vaIlns n暴力；暴行“only状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。as a matter of fact事实上blow up 使充气；爆炸put sb. in prison将某人关进监狱同义短语：send sb. to prison; throw sb. into prison。because引导原因状语从句，其中含有if引导的条件状语从句。achieve vt.实现；达到；完成equal ikwl adj.相等的；平等的此处作宾补，构成“make宾语宾补”结构。第57段译文他说的是实话。当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们所能住的城区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去住的城外地区是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿，没有人能够种庄稼。事实上，就像纳尔逊曼德拉所说的：,“我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择向法律进攻。首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律，而当这种方式也得不到允许时只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。”,事实上，我并不喜欢暴力但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。那是很危险的事情，因为如果我被抓住了，可能就会被关进监狱。但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这会帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1meanA法律的；依照法律的2selfless B投票；选举3lawyer C暴力；暴行4legal D联盟；同盟5fee E律师6league F学费；会费；酬金7violence G不公正的；不公平的8vote H乐意的；自愿的9willing I无私的10unfair J吝啬的；卑鄙的15_610_答案：15JIEAF610DCBHGLeadinA famous person may not be a great person, but a great person must be a famous person.1Who do you think are great persons in the following pictures?答案：A，B_and_E2What do you know about Nelson Mandela?He_devotes_his_life_to_helping_his_people_get_the_same_rights_as_white_people_in_his_country./He_is_a_national_leader_who_has_been_fighting_for_making_black_and_white_people_equal./Nelson_Mandela_is_regarded_as_one_of_the_greatest_spiritual_and_political_leaders_of_South_Africa.WhilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and choose the best answers.1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe life of black workers.BThe fight between Mandela and the white people.CThe stories between Mandela and Elias.DThe education of Elias.答案：C2Match the main idea of each part.Paras. 12 AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didParas. 37 BThe life of Elias before he met Nelson MandelaParas. 12_B_Paras. 37_A_CarefulreadingRead the reading passage carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.1Why did Elias have to leave school?AHe didnt have a passbook.BHis home was far from the school.CHis family couldnt afford the school fees.DHe couldnt read or write.2Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to _.Amake moneyBhelp the poor black people with their problemsCmake himself famousDstudy law3How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job?AHe talked with Elias boss.BHe helped him get the correct papers.CHe lent him some money.DHe asked him to go to court.4What dream did Nelson Mandela have?ATo become the president of South Africa.BTo win the Nobel Peace Prize.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo blow up some government buildings.答案：14CBBCStudyreadingAnalyze the following sentences in the text that may be difficult to understand.1However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.句式分析尝试翻译然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。2Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.句式分析尝试翻译糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我担心我是不是会失业。3. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.句式分析尝试翻译我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。.阅读理解AMandela became president in South Africas historic 1994 election (选举)After that, he often looked to Walter Sisulu, one of his closest friends for more than sixty years, for guidance. Sisulu was in many ways as important as Mandela in the fight against South Africas racist system (种族主义制度)In 1944, the two, along with the late Oliver Tambo, founded the ANC Youth League. The ANCYL favored a more militant (激进的) way to the movement against the government. They soon took over the ANC, with Sisulu serving as its secretary general from 1949 to 1954. In 1963, he, Mandela and other top ANC leaders were sentenced to life in prison.Sisulu was always calm and patient after he was released. The day after his release on Oct.15,1989，Sisulu explained to reporters how “it was not possible to lose hope because the spirit of the people outside was too great.” Mandelas release came four months later.Sisulu was born in 1912. Unlike Mandela, whose father was a chief (酋长)，Sisulu was the child of a black maid (女仆) and a white worker. His father left the family when Sisulu was small.He was educated for a while at a local school, but left when he was 15 to support his family. He took whatever jobs he could, and continued to learn on his own. In 1940, he joined the ANC and got Mandela to join it a year later.“Our paths first met in 1941. During the past 62 years, our lives have been closely connected. We shared the joy of living, and the pain. We walked side by side through the valley of death. Together we enjoyed the taste of freedom，” Mandela said after Sisulu died on May 5th, 2003.“A part of me is gone.”语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了南非著名反种族隔离斗士沃尔特西苏鲁，他也是曼德拉的好战友。1In what way was Sisulu similar to Mandela?AHe also supported peaceful means.BHe also ran for the 1994 election.CHe was also a founder of the ANC.DHe was also a great freedom fighter.解析：选D推理判断题。由前两段可知，西苏鲁和曼德拉一样，都是伟大的南非自由战士。2What made Sisulu feel hopeful about the future?AMandelas release.BThe peoples power.CThe prisoners high spirits.DReporters encouragement.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it was not possible to lose hope because the spirit of the people outside was too great”可知，西苏鲁对未来充满希望是因为他受到了人民力量的鼓舞。3What did Mandela tell us about in the last paragraph?AHis lifelong friendship with Sisulu.BHis important influence on Sisulu.CHis hard efforts to win freedom.DHis opinions on Sisulus life.解析：选A推理判断题。由最后一段中曼德拉的话可知，他深情地回顾了他与西苏鲁六十多年的革命友谊。4What is the purpose of the text?ATo compare Sisulu with Mandela.BTo show the greatness of Mandela.CTo explain the history of the ANCYL.DTo describe Sisulus life and achievements.解析：选D写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文描写了南非著名反种族隔离斗士西苏鲁的生平和成就。BOne of the most unusual flowering plants in the world, the Snowdonia hawkweed (斯诺登水兰), grows only in Snowdonia National Park in northern Wales. The area is rocky and mountainous, and the air is cool and wet. The Snowdonia hawkweed prefers this area. In fact, it grows nowhere else in the world. It is even picky about where it grows in the park.The Snowdonia hawkweed is about two inches tall with bright yellow flowers. It may not be the most beautiful plant in the world, but it is a favorite snack of sheep.In 1953, the Snowdonia hawkweed disappeared. People feared that the plant was gone forever. They believed that the sheep there had eaten the last few plants. So, the people who ran the park took the sheep away from the area, hoping that the hawkweed might return. In 2002, almost 50 years after it was thought to be extinct,_a group of plant scientists found the yellow flowers in the park exactly where it had last been seen, and where it had been searched for without success. The hawkweed had returned!To try to prevent the plant from disappearing again, scientists collected seeds (种子) from the plant. Since 2002, the unusual plant has continued to appear in the park.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种罕见的植物斯诺登水兰。5The Snowdonia hawkweed _.Ais the most beautiful plant in the worldBgrows everywhere in northern WalesCproduces the most unusual flowersDis an extremely unusual plant解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One of the most unusual flowering plants in the world”， “it grows nowhere else in the world”以及“It is even picky about where it grows in the park.”不难看出，斯诺登水兰对生长环境很挑剔，只在斯诺登国家公园的某个地方生长，是一种异常罕见的植物。6What happened to the Snowdonia hawkweed in 1953 _.Aworried a lot of peopleBproved nature is powerfulCmade the park less attractiveDcaused a rise in the number of sheep解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“People feared that the plant was gone forever.”和“the people who ran the park took the sheep away from the area, hoping that the hawkweed might return”可知，当斯诺登水兰在1953年凭空消失后，人们对此很担心。7The underlined word “extinct” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”AgrowingBdisappearingCunusual Ddangerous解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“the Snowdonia hawkweed disappeared. People feared that the plant was gone forever.”可知，人们曾一度以为斯诺登水兰灭绝了。故画线词意为“消失了的；灭绝的”。CRobert Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874, but he spent most of his life moving from place to place, often returning to New England, the place of his later childhood and early adult years.Robert was the first child born in his family. Frosts early childhood was filled with anxiety, since his father drank and gambled too much. Frosts father died when Frost was 11, leaving his mother with no choice but to move back home with her parents in Lawrence, Massachusetts.Frosts first published poem appeared in the Lawrence High School Bulletin in 1890. While Frost could attend Harvard College, he attended Dartmouth College instead, because his grandparents thought he would find success there. Frost dropped out of Dartmouth before his first year was over and began teaching primary school.In 1894, Frost received his first payment for the poem My Butterfly: an Elegy. He worked as a reporter while still teaching primary school. Frost married his wife, Elinor White, in 1895. Frost and Elinor had their first child in 1896, a son they named Elliot.In 1897 Frost continued his education at Harvard College, but by 1899 he had dropped out again. In 1901, Frosts grandfather died, leaving him a farm in New Hampshire, which made it possible for Frost to support his growing family. Robert and Elinor had more children, and Frost wrote more and did several different parttime jobs to make ends meet. He taught English literature, trained other teachers in teaching methods, and taught education and psychology classes.In 1913, his first book A Boys Will was published. The success of this book brought him in contact with many important literary people, including William Yeats. Following this success, Frost published many literary works, including short stories, poems and a play. He made a living by lecturing, writing and sometimes teaching.Frost actively contributed to the literature until his death in 1963. Frost was highly regarded, and he was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his poetry four times in his life.语篇解读：本文主要介绍美国大诗人罗伯特弗罗斯特的生平故事。8Robert Frost attended Dartmouth College instead of Harvard College because _.Ahe didnt show any interest in Harvard CollegeBhis grandparents didnt want him to leave the homeChis family hoped that he could save money for themDhis grandparents thought he could achieve more in Dartmouth College解析：选D细节理解题。从第三段的“because his grandparents thought he would find success there”可知，弗罗斯特去达特茅斯学院上学而没去哈佛大学主要是受到他爷爷奶奶的影响，他们认为他会在达特茅斯学院取得成功。9After his grandfathers death, Robert Frost _.Alost his familys support for his writingBcouldnt spend most of his time in writing poemsCcould run the farm to support his growing familyDdidnt want to do parttime jobs anymore解析：选C细节理解题。从第五段的“Frosts grandfather died . which made it possible for Frost to support his growing family.”可知，爷爷的去世留下了一个农场给弗罗斯特，因此他能够维持整个家庭的生活。10As his first book was published, Robert Frost _.Abegan to get interested in serious literatureBhad to make a living by teaching primary schoolCfound it difficult to stop writing and teachingDhad chances to meet great figures in literature解析：选D细节理解题。从倒数第二段的“The success of this book brought him in contact with many important literary people, including William Yeats.”可知，随着第一部诗集的问世，弗罗斯特便开始步入文艺圈，接触那些名人了。11What is the purpose of this passage?ATo report Robert Frosts influence on poetry.BTo introduce Robert Frosts life stor