男女对话中的性别差异.ppt

The paper,-Eva,A Pragmatic Study of Gender Differences in Conversations,Title,Background information,womens movement around 1960s the birth of sociolinguistics Lakoff: Language and Womens Place Jesperson: Language: Its Nature, Development and Origin Coate: Men and Language：a Sociolinguistic Account of Sex Differences in Language out of a course,Purpose of the study,analyse gender differences in dialogues from a pragmatic perspective explore the causes and consequences further explore the possible ways to minimize the negative effects,Research questions and answers,What are the gender differences in conversations? pronunciation intonation vocabulary topics quantity,What are the reasons for these gender differences? 1. Language can be sexist. 2.The social organization: a kind of hierarchical set of power relationship. 3.Men and women are social beings who have learned to act in certain ways.,Gender differences in conversations,Pronunciation women use prestige or more standard forms, e.g. 62% males VS 29% females pronounce -in instead of -ing,Intonation,Women- rich in variability such as rising intonation, falling-rising intonation and inquisitive intonation. Men- assertive and monotonous falling intonation pattern.,Examples: You are so beautiful. Thats very interesting.,stress on the intensifiers,soften the moods &show politeness,Vocabulary,Male- more extensive Female- more adjectives ,adverbs and color words,Examples:,Color words: mauve, beige, aquamarine, lavender, magenta, etc. Adjectives: adorable, charming, lovely, sweet, etc. Adverbs: awfully, terribly, so, ect.,Topics,Female- things directly related to their personal life, e.g. emotions, families, clothes, food and drink. Male- abstract and conceptional things, e.g. economics, politics, sports and news.,Quantity,Male- higher quantity Female- lower quantity,Conc