视野第二版book4unit5sectionA.ppt

Choose to Be Alone on Purpose,轰趴族 宅女， 宅男 3S lady，也就是Single(单身)、Seventies (大多数生于上世纪七十年代)、Stuck(被卡住了) Leftover women and men,Home-party fans,Homebody, shut-in,Lonely: Sad because one has no friends or company Loneliness: the situation of being lonely Solitary: tending to spend a lot of time alone Solitude: the situation of being alone,Solitary, solitude,Solitary, lonely, alone He was often_ but never_. The young man is rather_ by nature.,1) Be good and you will be lonely. - Mark Twain 2) People are lonely because they build walls instead of bridges. - Joseph F. Newton 3) It is strange to be known so universally and yet to be so lonely. - Albert Einstein 4) An artist is always alone - if he is an artist. No, what the artist needs is LONELINESS. -Henry Miller,Loneliness in the eyes of great figures:,Structure Survey,Para.1 Living alone is a _ phenomenon in U.S.A. Para.2 People think of living alone as _ or _. Paras.310 _, _, _, and _ prefer living alone. Paras.1116 The author advises people to _, _ and _.,common social,a national disease,a characteristic of American heroes.,Poets,philosophers,volunteers,some artists,stay rational,settle down,make themselves comfortable,Earth has not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty: This City now doth like a garment wear The beauty of the morning; silent , bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie,Composed Upon Westminster Bridge William Wordsworth,Open unto the fields, and to the sky, All bright and glittering in the smokeless air. Never did the sun more beautifully steep In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill; Neer saw I, never felt a calm so deep! The river glideth at his own sweet will: Dear God! The very houses seem asleep; And all that mighty heart is lying still!,Question Answering,Why may loneliness be a sort of national disease in the US?,Because there are altogether 22 million of people living alone in their rooms in the US.,Paraphrase,Here we are, all by ourselves, all 22 million of us by recent count, alone in our rooms, some of us liking it that way and some of us not. (L1),According to the recent statistics, up to 22 million of us are living alone in our rooms; some like the solitary way of life and some dont like it.,2. Some of us divorced, some widowed, some never yet committed. (L2),Some of us live alone because of divorce, or because of the death of husband or wife, or because of being not yet married.,On the other hand, to be alone on purpose, having rejected company rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American hero. (L5),而另外一方面，故意选择独处，拒绝别人的陪伴而并非为同伴所抛弃，这正是美国式英雄的一个特点。,On the other hand, the deliberate choice of solitude by refusing companions instead of being excluded by others is one special quality of an American hero.,Thoreau, alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned to the town. Now, thats character for you. (L8),Thoreau stayed alone in his cabin on the pond, being intentionally away from people in the town. Now this has become the lifestyle of ordinary people.,Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862),a U.S. thinker, essayist, and naturalist born in Concord(康科德), graduated from Harvard University and taught school for several years before deciding to become a poet of nature 1845-1847, lived in a hut beside Concords Walden Pond(瓦尔登湖); essays recording his daily life were assembled for his masterwork, Walden（瓦尔登湖）. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers （康科德和梅里马克河上的一周） essay Civil Disobedience（论公民的不服从） later influenced such figures as M. Gandhi and M. L. King.,Walden Pond,Thoreaus Cove on Walden Pond,Walden Pond in Snow,4. Inspiration in solitude is a major commodity for poets and philosophers. Theyre all for it. (L10),Inspiration in solitude is the most useful thing for poets and philosophers. They are all in favor of it.,Wordsworth (华兹华斯) John Milton （弥尔顿） （1608-1674）,William Wordsworth (1770-1850),an English poet His most important collection, Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集), published jointly with Samuel Taylor Coleridge（塞缪尔泰勒柯勒律治）, helped establish romanticism in England. He was appointed poet laureate（桂冠诗人） in 1843.,John Milton,considered second only to W. Shakespeare in the history of English-language poetry best-known for his epic poem Paradise Lost (1667). Miltons powerful, rhetoric prose and the eloquence of his poetry had an immense influence especially on the 18th-century verse.,I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high oer vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 我孤独地漫游，像一朵云 在山丘和谷地上飘荡， 忽然间我看见一群 金色的水仙花迎春开放， 在树荫下，在湖水边， 迎着微风起舞翩翩。,I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud William Wordsworth,Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 连绵不绝，如繁星灿烂， 在银河里闪闪发光， 它们沿着湖湾的边缘 延伸成无穷无尽的一行； 我一眼看见了一万朵， 在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。,The waves beside them danced, but they Out-did the sparkling leaves in glee; A poet could not be but gay, In such a jocund company! I gazed and gazed but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought: For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils.,Back,粼粼波光也在跳着舞， 水仙的欢欣却胜过水波； 与这样快活的伴侣为伍， 诗人怎能不满心欢乐！ 我久久凝望，却想象不到 这奇景赋予我多少财宝， 每当我躺在床上不眠， 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， 它们常在心灵中闪现， 那是孤独之中的福祉； 于是我的心便涨满幸福， 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。,Thoreau had his own self-importance for company. (L38),The reason for Thoreaus holy life was the thought that he was more important than other people, which accompanied him and helped expel the disturbance from the world outside.,If a persons sense of his own value and importance is strong, he is less likely to stay with others. On the contrary, if we think less of our own values and abilities and think us less important than others, we are more likely to find unbearable the state of being alone and being discontented with staying all by ourselves. Then we want to stay with others.,2) The larger the ego, the less the need for other egos around. The more modest and humble we feel, the more we suffer from solitude, felling ourselves inadequate company. (L38),自我意识越强，就越不需要其他的人在周围。 我们越是感觉谦卑，就越受孤独的折磨，感到仅与自己相处是远远不够。,adverbial clause,How do you feel when being alone?,Refreshing Streth out ones soul,But when you live alone, the temporary absence of your friends and acquaintances leaves a vacuum; they may never come back. (L47),But if you live alone and your friends and acquaintances leave for the time being, you will have the feeling of emptiness, and they may never come back.,Why is it important for a person living alone to talk to others?,Because it is a basic need of a solitary person to talk.,Its the daily series of our complaints and observations and views on various issues that stuffs us and makes us feel uneasy, filling us with the desire to talk to others.,但是日常生活中一系列的不满所看到和想到的琐事，却积压在那儿，塞满了我们的心。,Its the daily succession of small complaints and observations and opinions that backs up and chokes us. (L52),The cars backed up for miles.,block up support sb. or sth.; say what sb. says, etc, is true,Translation,汽车堵塞，首尾相接长达数英里。,back up:,他没有用事实来支持自己的论点。,He doesnt back up his arguments with facts.,Its important to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable, at least temporarily, and find some grace and pleasure in our condition, not like a self-centered British poet but like a patient princess sealed up in a tower, waiting for the happy ending to our fairy tale. (L65),Main Structure?,Its important to ,the real subject: to stop waiting and settle down and make ourselves comfortable; to find some grace and pleasure,“It” is a formal subject.,attributive modifying princess,attributive modifying princess,重要的是不再等待，而是安顿下来，使自己过得舒服，至少暂时应该是这样。要在我们自身的条件中发现一些优雅和乐趣，不要做一个以自我为中心的英国诗人，而要像一个被关在塔楼里的公主，耐心地等待着我们的童话故事有快乐的结局。,At least for the time being, the important thing for us solitary people to do is to stop meaningless waiting to get into a comfortable position and find some pleasant things in the solitude. We shouldnt live like a British poet who tends to think only about himself and turns a blind eye to the needs or feelings of other people; instead, we should behave like a princess of the fairy story who, in spite of the state of being shut up in a tower alone, still patiently waits for the arrival of a satisfactory ending.,“Nature“ is what we see The Hill the Afternoon Squirrel Eclipse the Bumble bee Nay Nature is Heaven Nature is what we hear ,The Bobolink the Sea Thunder the Cricket Nay Nature is Harmony Nature is what we know Yet have no art to say So impotent Our Wisdom is To her Simplicity.,“Nature“ Is What We See Emily Dickinson,Back,根据最近的统计 故意 赶出，驱逐 是的特点 赞扬，给予高度评价 找出 动身，启程 蹑手蹑脚，偷偷离开,4. Useful Expressions,by recent count on purpose cast out be characteristic of speak highly of seek out set forth/off/out creep away,拉长，伸长 熬夜 一口气 盛衰，起落 一连串的 唠叨，喋喋不休 眼下，暂时 不妨，最好做某事,stretch out stay up late at one setting rise and fall a succession of talk at length for the time being might as well,