如何拓展主题句.ppt

拓展主题句方法总结,读写任务辅导之四,高三（1）（3）班,写好主题句与段落的重要性,回答要点,段落主题句的模式,Conclusion,表明立场,重述要点,总述原因,引出建议、方法、措施、步骤,引出经历,1.抓住各写作要点的中心词，在主题句中明确的翻译出来。 2. 注意人称，时态，语态，语气。,经历; 影响; 重要性; 看法/态度 赞成; 反对 利弊 有益；有害； 理由； 优缺点； 两面性 建议,experience affect/influence have an effect/impact on important/vital/crucial importance be for/be in favor of /agree / support be against / disagree / oppose to be of benefit be beneficial to do harm to be harmful to the reason whyis that advantages and disadvantages/pros and cons / Every coin has two sides. suggest suggestion advise advice,Topic sentence: (主题句) Developing sentence: (扩展句),Topic sentence & developing sentence,段首，引领段落,围绕主题句展开 不得偏离主题句,I took table tennis as my hobby for several reasons. The history of table tennis dates from the nineteenth century. It can not only build up our bodies but also help us study more efficiently. In the meantime, table tennis is an interesting sport in which we can relax ourselves and gain happiness.,Parents play an important role in our life. On the one hand, they teach us how to tell right from wrong and help us make progress in every field. On the other hand, they are willing to do everything for us without asking for anything in return. They work hard everyday from dawn till dark.,Task Please underline the topic sentences and delete the irrelevant developing sentences of each paragraph:,reasons,role,请找出与主题句不相符的扩展句。,People have found mobile phones very convenient. They can get in touch with each other whenever and wherever they like. Whats more, there are many different functions for different needs, such as sending short messages and surfing the Internet. However, you might have to pay for a wrong number and the radiation from the phone may do harm to our health.,拓展主题句可以从那几个方向入手呢？,如（1）：谈论个人对网上购物的看法。 Online shopping contributes a lot to our happy modern life,.,如（1）：谈论个人对网上购物的看法。 Online shopping contributes a lot to our happy modern life. Firstly, it is much cheaper because online stores offer lower prices to the customers and some even dont charge delivery fee. Secondly, it is more convenient as customers neednt walk store after store for what they like, which makes it easier for them to compare products online to choose their most satisfying goods.,1、列举式/并列式,列举式,利用列举式谈其优点：,如（2）谈论“互联网对人们生活带来的影响” (主题句）The Internet plays a vital role in our daily life.,如（2）谈论“互联网对人们生活带来的影响” (主题句）The Internet plays a vital role in our daily life. （拓展句）It not only provides people with amounts of latest information, but also changes the way people communicate with each other. Besides, the Internet enables people to go shopping at home easily and conveniently.,递进式,可以从提供最新信息;改变交流方式; 网上购物,方便快捷几个方面来扩展思路。,2.说明原因或结果,如（1）你读完这个故事（目标的重要性）的感受。 （主题句-感受）I was deeply inspired by such a story,( 拓展句-原因 )as it makes me realize the power of a goal in shaping ones success and gives me strength to pursue my goal, despite the hardships I am to go through .,如（2）你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋”的看法。 （主题句-看法）It is necessary for government to forbid shops from offering free plastic bags.,（拓展句-结果）With this ban, shopping customers would gradually form a habit of bringing environmentally friendly bags with them so that the consumption of plastic bags would be greatly reduced.,2011年广州一模要求就“诚信的重要性”的主题发表看法，要点（1）你读后的感受；,如：（1） 11年广州一模要求就“诚信的重要性”的主题发表看法，要点（1）你读后的感受； （主题句-感受）After reading the story ,I feel it is important to be honest. (拓展句)Its obvious that an honest person will definitely win the respect from others, which is of great importance in our study and daily life, let alone in the business world. However, a dishonest person will lose his fame and trust from others sooner or later. No matter how intelligent he is, dishonesty will ruin his future.,3、正反式,如（2）勇于认错和道歉的重要性。 Since nobody is perfect and everybody may make mistakes , it is of great importance for us to deal with mistakes properly whenever we are mistaken.(,如（2）勇于认错和道歉的重要性。 （主题句重述要点）Since nobody is perfect and everybody may make mistakes , it is of great importance for us to deal with mistakes properly whenever we are mistaken.(拓展句）(反面）As they say, denying a fault doubles it. If we refuse to admit our mistakes when we are wrong, we will not be accepted and forgiven by others. （正面）,On the contrary , if we admit mistakes and apologize sincerely, others will be likely to forgive us ,which makes us closer to each other.,如(1)：就“如何减少交通事故”的主题谈论人们应该如何避免交通事故 What can we do to avoid traffic accidents? As to drivers: a) keep their emotions under control; b) respect others As to walkers/pedestrians and cyclists: a) strictly obey the traffic rules; b) value their own lives,4、相关式/细化主题 所谓相关式是指围绕决定事物的相关因素谈论问题的方法。,我们就可以围绕造成交通事故的相关因素如司机和行人来谈论如何避免。,如（2）你对考试作弊的看法。 （主题-明示观点）In my opinion, this phenomenon will have a very bad effect on middle school students study habit.（拓展句）（细化）Those who usually cheat in exams will never treat study seriously again because they believe they will always get good marks without working hard.,Those who never cheat in exams will consider its unfair for them, thinking studying hard is not necessary.,为使读写任务第二部分能取得高分,现就如何拓展主题句, 组织写作思路,令到自己有话说，并且是说的有条理来进行一些总结:,拓展句子的常用法有: 列举式/递进式 说明原因/结果 正反式 相关式/细化主题 叙述经历,读写任务 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 BEIJING,July6- Some 19,000 Chinese students died from unnatural causes last year, a survey has said. Food poisoning, drowning and traffic accidents topped the list of “killer”. Released on Wednesday at the inaugural Campus Safety and Risk Management Forum, the report was produced by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission(CIRC),which also sponsored the event. The report also said that the death toll comprised some 16,000 primary and secondary school students and about 3,000 college kids.,读写任务 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 BEIJING,July6- Some 19,000 Chinese students died from unnatural causes last year, a survey has said. Food poisoning, drowning and traffic accidents topped the list of “killer”. Released on Wednesday at the inaugural Campus Safety and Risk Management Forum, the report was produced by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission(CIRC),which also sponsored the event. The report also said that the death toll comprised some 16,000 primary and secondary school students and about 3,000 college kids.,The survey claimed about 45 percent of the deaths resulted from students poor safety awareness, while a further 18 percent could be attributed to poor management in schools. A massive 80 percent of all deaths could have been prevented through better education, improved safety measures and strengthened management , the report said. Besides, it also showed there were some 40 million reported accidents involving people under 18 last year, of which almost 10 million required hospital treatment , the cost of which was 4.26 billion yuan.,_,_,_,写作内容 以约30个词概括短文的要点； 然后以约120个词就这“学生安全问题”发表看法，并包括如下要点： （1）请谈谈你读完这则新闻的感受； （2）请讲述你自己或身边朋友的有关经历； （3）应采取何种措施保护学生的安全？,A lot of students died because of a variety of accidents, including food poisoning, drowning and traffic accidents. However, the major reasons for those accidents are students poor safety awareness and the poor management in school.(摘要),请谈谈你读完这则新闻的感受；,（主题句）After learning the sad news, I was totally shocked and wanted to express my profound grief over the victims. I wonder why more and more accidents happen around us, despite the rapid development of our society , （说明原因）,(主题句）This reminds me of the story of my friend, Lily. Being a high school student, she has to live in dormitory in spite of the fact that her home is not far away from the school. It happened to be a Friday afternoon. Thinking of spending the weekend with her family, Lily ran quickly out of the classroom. She was so happy that she crossed the street without paying no attention to traffic lights. All of sudden, there came a bus and knocked her down . Fortunately