2018_2019学年高中英语Module5TheConquestoftheUniverseSectionⅣLanguagePointsⅡ.docx

Section Language Points （Cultural Corner & Other Parts）.Read the passage carefully on Page 67 and fill in the blanks in the form.Star WarsSeriesStar Wars is a series of science 1.fantasy films, having a worldwide 2.audience. It is the most successful film series ever.Random 3orderThe films move backwards and forwards through 4.200 years. They describe the deeds of a 5.noble Jedi knight.SummaryAnakins son, Luke Skywalker, joins the Rebel Alliance to 6.attack the authority of the new evil Empire. He 7.achieves glory and wins the war.ReflectionStar Wars reflects many 8.abstract concepts in Greek, Roman and 9.Chinese folk stories. Luck is like the hero of a wuxia film.ThemeThe broad theme of Star Wars philosophy is the 10.Force. Star Wars stresses the dangers of fear, anger and 11.hate.This is 12.consistent with many religious faiths.InfluenceThe strongest influence is Taoist 13.philosophy. The Force is similar to Qi.14.Language and clothingThe Dark Force soldiers speak with 15.British accents and wear black uniforms, whilst most of the Rebels speak 16.American English and wear light colours.Read the passage on Page 69 and judge whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)1The War of the Worlds is the most important novel in the history of science fiction._2Welles set a panic across England by broadcasting the radio drama of The War of the Worlds._3The War of the Worlds will be remembered as a piece of broadcasting history._答案：13TFT.单词拼写1I did not acknowledge (承认) that he had done anything wrong.2The government has the highest authority (权力) in the country.3Most of the abstract_ (抽象的) nouns are uncountable.4He foresaw (预知) that his journey would be delayed by bad weather.5He says he was there all the time, but I swear (发誓) I never saw him.6Its difficult to assess the impact (影响) of the presidents speech.7China will have to consider how it wants to be viewed (看) by the rest of the world when it exercises its influence as a major power. 8They werent a particularly good team, but they refused to give in and accept defeat (失败).拓展词汇1depend v依靠；取决于dependence n信赖，依赖dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的2relief n安慰；宽慰relieve v减轻；缓解relieved adj. 宽慰的，不再忧虑的3glory n光荣；荣誉glorious adj.光荣的；荣耀的4division n部分；分开，分割divide v把分成(若干部分)5sympathy n同情；同情心sympathetic adj.同情的，有同情心的sympathize v同情，怜悯，体谅6commitment n忠诚；奉献commit v使承担义务，承诺；犯(错/罪)7faith n宗教信仰；信念；信任faithful adj.忠诚的，忠实的，守信的faithfully adv.忠诚地，忠实地8devotion n忠诚；挚爱；奉献，献身devote v把奉献(给)devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的9stable adj.稳定的；安定的stably adv.稳定地，牢固地10arguably adv.有争议地arguable adj.有争议的argue v争论，争辩argument n争论，辩论11invasion n入侵invade v侵略，入侵invader n侵略者，入侵者12observation n观察；监视observe v观察；监视，注视observer n观察者，观测者；目击者13inescapable adj.不可避免的escapable adj.可以避免的；可以逃避的escape n& v逃离，逃脱14deliberately adv.蓄意地，故意地deliberate adj.故意的，有意的，蓄意的巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨commitcommitment动词加ment构成名词faithfaithful名词加ful构成形容词consultconsultant动词加ant构成表示人的名词reliefrelieve名词变f为ve构成动词.补全短语1depend on依赖，取决于2other than 除了3a series of 一系列的；一连串的4accuse sb. of doing sth. 指责某人做某事5to ones great relief 使某人感到非常宽慰的是6be consistent with 与一致，符合7pray for 祈望；祈求8be similar to 与相似的9make/have an impact on 对有重大影响10set sth. in motion 使某事开始11set out 开始做；着手进行12in panic 惊慌地1教材原句. little did he know what impact he was going to make.他几乎不知道将造成多大的影响。句型点拨little置于句首引起的部分倒装。佳句赏析尽管他身处巨大的危险中，但却很少关心自己的安危。Little did he care about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.2教材原句Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that .尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想 句型点拨as引导的让步状语从句。佳句赏析纵然你读得快，你也不能这么快读完这本书。Fast as you read, you cant finish the book so soon.3教材原句One 13yearold boy was doing his homework when he heard the first newsflash of the invasion.一名13岁的小男孩正在做家庭作业时，他听到了有关入侵的第一次新闻快讯。句型点拨be doing sth.when . “正在做某事，这时”。佳句赏析她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到呼救声。She was walking along the bank of the river when she heard a cry for help.Secrets of the Gas GiantThe CassiniHuygens space probe, which reached Saturn last week, has sent back amazing photographs of the planets famous rings viewed in ultraviolet light. The pictures show them in shades of blue, green and red. The different colours show exactly what the rings are made of: the red means the ring contains tiny pieces of rock and the blue and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases. Saturn itself is made of gases. It is so light and it could float on water if a big enough ocean could be found!The probe is an international project to explore the planet and its rings and moons. It was launched in 1997 and its mission was to explore the “gas giant” planet which is the furthest planet to be seen from the Earth without a telescope.Scientists say the spacecrafts fouryear tour of Saturn may tell them how the rings are formed. It will also study the planets atmosphere and magnetic field.The probe has sent back pictures of some of Saturns moons, including tiny Phoebe, which has a strange shape unlike other planets and their moons, it is not perfectly round and Saturns biggest moon, Titan, which is believed to be the only body in the solar system other than the Earth with liquid on the surface.The images of Titan and Phoebe look strangely like photos of the Earth and our own Moon, taken decades ago by the earliest space missions. They are so clear that it is easy to forget they are coming from a distance of oneandahalfbillion kilometres.巨型气体的秘密上周到达土星的“卡西尼惠更斯”号太空探测器已发回了著名的土星光环的照片，这些令人惊奇的照片是在紫外线下拍摄的。这些照片显示了它们在蓝色、绿色和红色阴影下的光环。这些不同颜色确切地表明了土星光环的组成部分：红色意味着光环中含有微小的岩石颗粒；蓝色和绿色可能是水和冰冻气体的混合物。土星本身是由气体构成的。它非常轻并且能够浮在水面上如果能找到一个足够大的海洋。这个探测器是一项国际性的工程，目的是探索这一行星及其光环和卫星。探测器于1997年被发射，其任务是探索这个“巨型气体”星球，它是我们从地球上不用望远镜所能看到的最远的行星。科学家们说这个航天器为时4年的土星之旅可能会告诉我们这些光环是如何形成的。它也会研究土星的大气层和磁场。探测器还发回了土星的几颗卫星的照片，其中包括形状奇特的小个子土卫九跟其他行星和卫星不同的是，它没有那么圆还有土星最大的卫星，土卫六，人们都认为那是太阳系中除了地球以外唯一表面有液体的星体。数十年前由最早的航天任务拍摄的土卫六和土卫九的照片看起来很奇怪，就像地球和我们的月球的照片。它们是如此清晰以致很容易让人们忘掉它们是来自15亿千米之外的地方。May the Force Be with YouStar Wars is a series of science fantasy films. The sixfilm series began in 1977, and has a worldwide audience, with films, books, video games, television series and toys. It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever.The films were made in random order, and move backwards and forwards through two hundred years. They describe the deeds of Anakin Skywalker, a noble Jedi knight, while Darth Vader, under orders from Lord Sith, creates tension then conflict between various autonomous republics and movements. This results in the defeat of the Jedi.Then Anakins son, Luke Skywalker, joins the Rebel Alliance to attack the authority of the new evil Empire. He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss. But to his sorrow, he learns that his father is actually Darth Vader himself. Luke escapes the latters grasp, as well as the Emperors attempt to turn him to the Dark Side. Instead, to his great relief, he achieves glory by turning his father back to the Light Side, while the divisions of the Rebel Alliance fleet fights the battle for the airspace over the motherland, and wins the war.Star Wars reflects many abstract concepts in Greek, Roman and Chinese folk stories, such as an ability to foresee the future and the impossibility of controlling ones destiny. For example, Anakin Skywalker causes the death of his wife while coming to her aid. Luke is like the hero of a wuxia film, with his intention of avenging the death of his father, to become the most powerful Master of his art.The broad theme of Star Wars philosophy is the Force, and in every movie someone says “May the Force be with you.” Star Wars stresses the dangers of fear, anger, and hate, as well as putting aside ones sympathy for certain people. For example, Luke Skywalker is ever told that his commitment ought to be to finish his training rather than rescue his friends.This is consistent with many religious faiths, which stress rational thought, personal dignity and a devotion to praying for holy understanding, as opposed to the “Dark Side”， of violent passion and acute emotion.However, the strongest influence is Taoist philosophy. The Force is similar to Qi, a stable balance of the Yin and Yang forces to human beings and the environment. Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to ObiWan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice.Even the language and clothing convey the philosophy of the Force the Dark Force soldiers speak with British accents and wear black uniforms whilst most of the Rebels speak American English and wear light colours.愿力量与你同在星球大战是一系列的科幻电影。这6部电影系列开始于1977年，用电影、书籍、电子游戏、电视剧和玩具的形式征服了全世界的观众。它被电影界公认为是到目前为止最成功的电影系列。电影按任意顺序拍摄，时间在200年间来回变换。它们描述了一位贵族杰迪武士，安纳金斯凯沃克的事迹，不过达斯维德在西斯王的指令下，在各个自治共和国之间制造紧张局势进而造成冲突和这些国家的动摇。这导致了杰迪共和国的失败。后来安纳金的儿子卢克斯凯沃克加入了反抗者联盟去抵抗新的邪恶帝国的统治。他控告达斯维德杀害了他父亲，所以他接受训练成为一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己的损失报仇。但是让他伤心的是，他得知他的父亲正是达斯维德本人。卢克逃脱了后者的控制以及帝国皇帝想把他变成邪恶势力的企图。相反，让他安慰的是他通过把他的父亲拉回到正义一方而获得了荣誉，同时反抗者联盟舰队正在为保卫祖国领空而战，并且取得了胜利。星球大战反映了很多希腊、罗马和中国的民间传说中抽象的观念，比如能预知未来的能力和掌握自己命运的不可能性。例如，安纳金斯凯沃克要去帮助他妻子的时候却造成了她的死亡。卢克就像武侠电影中的英雄，目的是为其父报仇，成为一代武学宗师。星球大战的广泛的哲学主题就是力量，而且在每一部电影中都有人说“愿力量与你同在”。星球大战强调恐惧、愤怒和仇恨的危险，而且撇开一个人对某些人的同情。比如，卢克斯凯沃克曾被告知他应当完成训练而不是营救朋友。这同很多宗教信仰一致，都强调理性思考、个人尊严和祈求神圣的理解，这同有着暴烈性情和剧烈情感的“邪恶势力”相对。然而，最大的影响来自道教思想。这里所说的“力量”同“气”相近，“气”指人类和环境中的阴阳两种力量之间的一种稳定的平衡。很多得到道教真传的人最终成为举足轻重的人物，就像欧比旺和尤达，作为他们的学生，卢克曾向他们请教学问和询问建议。语言和服装甚至也揭示了这种力量的哲学黑暗力量的士兵讲带有英国口音的语言，穿着黑色服装，然而大部分反抗者讲美式英语并穿着明亮颜色的衣服。The War of the WorldsIn 1898, the English writer HG. Wells wrote what is arguably the most important novel in the history of science fiction The War of the Worlds. It is a dramatic story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars, a subject that has fascinated science fiction writers and filmmakers ever since. But when, in 1938, the American actor and director, Orson Welles set a radio drama of The War of the Worlds in the real life New Jersey town of Grovers Mill, little did he know what impact he was going to make. When people turned on their radios and heard the Mercury Theatre Company broadcast, it was so realistic that they believed every word：Ladies and gentlemen, I have a grave announcement to make. Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars.Orson Welles had managed to set in motion a panic across America. When people heard that an invasion by aliens from Mars was underway, there was a wave of mass hysteria. Hundreds of people left their homes in panic, there were traffic jams all over the state and the police received thousands of telephone calls from terrified listeners who believed that Martians were attacking.The sleepy town of Grovers Mill for an hour became the centre of the universe.One 13yearold boy was doing his homework when he heard the first newsflash of the invasion. Taking the radio into the caf downstairs where his mother worked, he and a dozen or so customers listened with mounting fear to the broadcast, until the men jumped up and announced they were going to get their guns and join in the defence at Grovers Mill.Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation? Or was it simply a masterpiece of realistic theatre? Either way, The War of the Worlds will be remembered as a piece of broadcasting history.世界之战1898年，英国作家H.G.威尔斯写成了科幻小说史上最重要的小说世界之战，关于这一点仍有争议。这个戏剧性的故事是关于来自火星的外星人对地球的入侵，这一主题也让科幻小说作家和电影制片人从此着迷不已。但是1938年当美国演员兼导演奥森威尔斯以新泽西的格罗弗磨房镇的真实生活场景为背景播出广播剧世界之战时，他根本不知道他将会造成多大的轰动。当人们打开收音机听到墨丘利戏剧公司的广播，那是如此的真实以至于听众相信广播中的每个词：女士们、先生们，我要宣布一件重大的事。尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想，那就是今晚降落在新泽西州农场的怪物就是来自火星入侵部队的先导。奥森威尔斯成功地引起了美国人的恐慌。当听到火星外星人就要入侵时，大众的恐慌情绪高涨。成百上千的人们都恐惧弃家而逃，全美国都在交通阻塞，警察接到了成千上万个受惊吓的听众打来的电话，他们都相信火星人就要进攻地球了。安静了一小时的格罗弗磨房镇成为全球焦点。一个13岁的小男孩正在做家庭作业时听到了第一波关于入侵的新闻快讯。把收音机拿到楼下妈妈工作的咖啡店后，他和十几个顾客听了广播，恐惧也与之增强，直到最后那些男人们跳起身来，大声宣布他们要拿起枪支加入到保卫格罗弗磨房镇的战斗中去。难道奥森威尔斯是蓄意吓唬国人吗？或者仅仅是一部现实剧的杰作？不管是哪一种，世界之战在广播历史上占有一席之地。1The CassiniHuygens space probe, which reached Saturn last week, has sent back amazing photographs of the planets famous rings viewed in ultraviolet light.(P64)上周到达土星的“卡西尼惠更斯”号太空探测器发回了著名的土星光环的照片，这些令人惊奇的照片是在紫外线下拍摄的。view v看，观察；考虑，认为n.景色；视野；看法，见解写出下列句中view的含义While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. 景色If we sit near the front of the bus, well have a better view. 视野I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released. 观看In this lecture, I can only give you a purely personal view of how we can live life to the fullest. 看法；见解(1)view . as .把看作(2)in view 看得见；考虑中in view of 鉴于；考虑到in ones view 在某人看来come into view 进入视野，看得见He is_viewed_as our most important business partner.他被认为是我们最重要的生意伙伴。In_view_of our longstanding relationship, we agree to allow you a discount.考虑到我们长期的关系，我方同意给你方折扣。2It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever.(P67)现在它被电影界公认为是迄今为止最成功的电影系列片。acknowledge v承认；认为；感谢；告知收悉写出下列句中acknowledge的含义They refused to acknowledge their mistakes.承认Im going to invite you to dinner with me to acknowledge your favor.感谢Please acknowledge receipt of this email.告知收悉Almost all the people present acknowledged that he was innocent. 认为acknowledge sb./sth.as/to be . 认为是acknowledge doing/that . 承认It is universally/generally acknowledged that . 是大家公认的The thief acknowledged stealing (steal) a watch from the store.那个小偷承认从这个店里偷过一块手表。He is widely acknowledged as/to be an expert in this area.It_is_widely_acknowledged_that he is an expert in this area.大家公认他是这个领域的专家。3He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss.(P67)他指控达斯维德杀死了自己的父亲，因此他把自己训练成为一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己的损失报仇。accuse v指责；指控，控告Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by the police.她的助手被警方指控偷窃和诈骗。(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth.charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告/指责某人(做)某事accuse sb.for sth. 为某事指责某人(2)the accused 被告The shop assistant was dismissed as she was accused of cheating customers.The shop assistant was dismissed as she was charged with cheating customers.这个商店服务员被解雇了，因为她被指控欺骗顾客。Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.人常因自己的不幸而责怪老天。The_accused_was_accused_as a murderer, but the judge found him innocent.那个被告被指控为谋杀犯，但是法官发现他是无罪的。联想发散“动词sb.of sth.”结构常见的有：cure sb.of sth. 治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事remind sb.of sth. 使某人想起某事rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人某物warn sb.of sth. 警告某人某事4Instead, to his great relief, he achieves glory by turning his father back to the Light Side . (P67)相反，让他欣喜的是他通过把他的父亲拉回到正义一方而获得了荣誉 relief n安慰，宽慰；减轻，解除；救济，救济物品It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。Some relief funds have been sent to the earthquake victims.一些救济金已经寄送给地震灾民。(1)in relief如释重负，松了口气to ones great relief/much to ones relief 令某人非常宽慰的是(2)relieve vt. 使轻松(宽慰)；缓解；免除，解除relieve sb.of sth. 免除某人某物；解除职务；帮助某人减轻负担I smiled in_relief after I heard I had passed the examination.听到我已经通过了考试，我轻松地笑了。To_my_great_relief,_her injuries were only slight.使我感到十分欣慰的是，她只受了些轻伤。He was_relieved_of his post because of his carelessness.他因疏忽而被解除了职务。5Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to ObiWan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice. (P67)很多真正的道教大师最终成为举足轻重的人物，就像欧比旺和尤达，作为他们的学生，卢克曾向他们请教学问和询问建议。consult v咨询；请教；查阅，查看；商议If the symptoms get worse, consult your doctor.如果症状变得严重，咨询你的医生。Im not quite sure how to get there Id better consult a map.我不能确定怎么去那儿我最好查一下地图。consult sb.about sth. 向某人咨询某事consult with sb.about/on sth. 与某人商议/商量某事consult a map/a book/a dictionary 查看地图/查阅书籍/查词典Have you consulted_your_lawyer_about this?你就此事咨询过你的律师吗？His parents consulted_with_the_teacher_about/on what to do to help him with his studies.他父母和老师商量怎么来帮助他提高他的学习。6Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars. (P69)尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想，即今晚降落在新泽西农场的怪物就是来自火星入侵部队的先导。incredible as it may seem相当于although/though it may seem incredible，为as引导的让步状语从句，此时从句要倒装，即将名词、形容词、副词、动词(原形)提至句首，这时可以和though互换。在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当表语是单数名词时，该名词前不加冠词。Strange as it sounds, it is true.虽然听起来很奇怪，但这是真的。Try_as_he_might,_he couldnt solve the problem.尽管他想方设法，却未能解决这个问题。Film star as he is, his skills in performing are just soso.虽然他是电影明星，他的演技却很一般。7Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation？(P69)难道奥森韦尔斯是蓄意吓唬国人吗？set out开始做；着手进行；出发；陈述When setting out on a long walk, always wear suitable shoes.走很长的路时，一定要穿舒适的鞋子。He has written a letter to China Daily setting out his views.他给中国日报写了一封信，陈述了他的观点。set aside留出；不顾，把置于一旁set about 着手/开始做(后接动名词)set out 出发；开始做(后接动词不定式)set down 记下set off 出发，引爆，引起set up 建立Why did the leaders set_about deciding to tear down the factory set_up recently?那些领导人为什