2018_2019学年高中英语Module3ForeignFoodSectionⅠ.docx

Module 3 Foreign FoodDoes hamburger come from China?The worlds first hamburger doesnt come from where you think it comes from. It wasnt invented in the United States, and it didnt originate in Germany. Yes, the worlds first hamburger comes from China.If youre scratching your head right now, youre not alone. But Chinese hamburgers are very real and they definitely predate the hamburgers we call our own in the U. S. Known as roujiamo, which translates to “meat burger” or “meat sandwich”， they consist of chopped meat inside a pitalike bun, and theyve been around since the Qin Dynasty, from about 211 BC to 207 BC. Despite the differences between this Chinese street food and our Americanstyle burgers, the roujiamo has been called the worlds first hamburger.The roujiamo originated in the Shaanxi Province of China, and is now eaten all over the country. Its typically prepared and eaten on the street. The dough for the bun, or mo, consists of a simple mixture of wheat flour, water and maybe yeast. Of course recipes may vary, but this basic equation makes for a chewy and subtle pillow for the delicious filling. While the mo is traditionally baked in a clay oven, today its often fried in a pan. They may look a little like Chinese steamed buns or baos, but the dough for those are, of course, steamed, not baked or fried.The meat filling might consist of chopped pork, beef, lamb or chicken that has been stewed with a variety of spices (香料), like ginger (姜), cloves (丁香) and star anise (八角). You might also find herbs like cilantro (香菜) or greens like lettuce garnishing the sandwich.,阅读障碍词 originate vi.发源；起源 predate vt.在日期上早于(先于) chop vt.剁碎；砍 bun n圆面包 dough n生面团 yeast n酵母 equation n等式；相等 chewy adj.耐嚼的 stew vt.炖 garnish vt.加饰菜于.Match the word with its meaning.1oweA一道菜2taste B甜食3obsess C臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的4banquet D咀嚼5dish E贪婪地6greedily F方式；方法7chopstick G要求8dessert H宴会9chew I固定的10infamous J使着迷11appetising K无法辨认的12manner L(常复)筷子13requirement M开胃的，增进食欲的14fixed N应给予15unrecognisable O味道答案：15NOJHA610ELBDC1115MFGIK.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1Many boys are obsessed with football.对着迷2What you had done went against his wishes.违反，违背3He has got used to living in such difficult conditions.习惯于4He has passed the exam. No wonder he is so happy.难怪5There are so many people at the school gate that I cant make out what happened.看出；理解6In order to end up in success, he worked very hard.结束7What we have in common is the habit of early rising.与有共同点.Look at the following pictures and tell what they are.答案：chopsticksfork and knifesaladcheese sandwichessoupdumplings.What are the two biggest fast food restaurants in the world?答案：KFC and McDonalds.FastreadingChoose the best summary of each passage.1Passage 1：AThe writer doesnt like Chinese food.BThe writer hasnt got used to most Chinese food yet.CThe writer likes most Chinese food.2Passage 2：AThe writer doesnt like British food.BThe writer doesnt like the way British food is prepared and served.CThe writer doesnt like the way the British eat.答案：12CB.CarefulreadingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1It seems that the writer in Passage 1 felt _ to find so many dishes were served at a banquet.AdisappointedBinterestedCsurprised Dterrible2We can infer from Passage 1 that the writer _.Ahas a low opinion of Chinese foodBgets a good impression of Chinese foodCthinks Chinese people waste lots of foodDthinks the people at the table have small appetites3From Passage 2, we know that Chinese food _.Apays much attention to its beauty and style besides the tasteBincludes various kinds of mashed food Coften has an unrecognisable shapeDis prepared with little care4What impresses the writer most according to Passage 2?AThe taste of British food.BThe names of British food.CThe styles of British food.DThe manner in which the British eat.答案：14CBAD.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Their salad, for example, is made from vegetables which are only washed before serving, while Chinese food is prepared more carefully.句式分析本句由表示对比的while 连接一个复合句和一个简单句； while 前的复合句中， for example 作插入语， which引导的定语从句修饰先行词vegetables。尝试翻译比如说他们做色拉的蔬菜只是在吃前洗一洗，然而中国的食物准备得更精细。2It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid and it was only after I had tasted it that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.句式分析尝试翻译看上去那只是一碗灰色的汤，直到我尝了一下才知道那实际上是用蘑菇做的。对应学生课下能力提升(九)阅读理解AWith the appearance of fast food chains from the West such as McDonalds, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Pizza Hut, the Chinese are being introduced to a diet that increases the death rate from certain diseases in any population.The main killers in NorthAmerica, the diseases such as heart attack and stroke as well as colon cancer, will become a way of death in this country if the Chinese do not act quickly and compete with these healthdestroying food chains. Scientific studies from all over the world show that a diet high in animal foods such as pork, beef, including sugar, white flour, white noodles and even white rice, undermines ones health. Deposits of animal fat cling to the walls of arteries (动脉), blocking the blood supply to various organs. This causes diseases in almost every organ, but in particular it damages two of the most vital ones, the heart and brain.Compare these problems with the excellent health one may enjoy if one consumes good Chinese food. The cook goes out every day, procures greattasting, fresh vegetables, then cooks them for just a few minutes so that their nutritional value is preserved and afterwards serves them in a most artistic and elegant fashion. Please cling to your traditional ways of eating. They are far superior to those of the West.How the Chinese could patronise (光顾) these fast food places when Chinese cook such delectable (美味的) food, not just in this country but over the entire world, is beyond my comprehension. Western restaurants are clean and tastefully decorated. Moreover, these restaurants also do indeed have “good service and an inviting dining atmosphere”. However, Chinese food chains could do likewise if they would organise themselves as the Western chains do.These lessons in management and decoration are the only ones worth learning from the invasion of this country by the Western fast food chains. In other words, only imitate the style of the restaurants, not the content of the food or the menus in any way, shape or form.Do not let the desire for money destroy the wonderful tradition that China has established in producing absolutely fantastically tasty as well as healthful food.语篇解读：西方快餐虽然在很多方面有优势，但是从健康角度来说还是中餐最好，我们要传承中国优良的传统饮食文化。1A diet high in animal foods is unhealthy, because especially it will damage _.Athe heart and brainBthe walls of arteriesCall organs Dthe nerves解析：选A推理判断题。文章第二、三段讲述动物食品的缺点，这样的食物会导致各种疾病，尤其是心脏和脑部疾病。故选A项。2The Chineses preferring fast food to Chinese delectable food makes the writer feel _.Apleased BpuzzledCcalm Dfunny解析：选B推理判断题。根据第五段内容，特别是关键词“beyond my comprehension”可推断出，作者对中国人喜欢西方快餐感到不理解。puzzled意为“困惑的，茫然的”。3What we should learn from the Western fast food chains is _.Athe content of the foodBthe attractive menusCthe management and decorationDthe form of the food解析：选C细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段第一句话可得出答案。4What is the writers opinion in the passage?AChinese shouldnt learn from Western fast food.BChinese should say no to Western fast food.CWestern fast food is better than Chinese food.DChinese food is better for our health.解析：选B主旨大意题。从整篇文章来看，作者是告诉我们西方快餐虽然在很多方面有优势，但是从健康角度来说还是中餐最好。故选B。此题容易误选D项。仔细读文章可知作者对西方快餐是否定的，是要我们不要吃西方快餐。BTurning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers (引发) a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad.An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see.They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full.In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate icecream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining icecream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten.On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g. However, the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the nonblind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the icecream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see.“The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group.Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite. Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.”Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。5With the lights out, diners eat less partly because.Athey want to quickly finish their mealsBthey trust their feelings more than everCthey focus more on fun than the caloriesDthey worry about the quality of the food解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，当关灯后，饮食者可能会担心食物的质量。故答案选D。6We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group_.Aspent a much longer time eating the same foodBbelieved they ate more than they really didCdepended on past experiences to feel fullDthought the food tasted better than usual解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故答案选B。7The last two paragraphs tell us that_.Adiners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darknessBsenses rather than sight play an important role in the tasteCfindings of this experiment differ from the previous studiesDrestaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句并结合最后两段可知，最后两段主要讲的是在黑暗中吃东西，饮食者可能会降低食欲。故答案选A。8The main purpose of the passage is to _.Aprovide statistics related to eating in the darkBoffer reasons for people to eat in the dark areasCinform the readers of the result of an experimentDpersuade the readers to lose weight in a new way解析：选C 写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要是通过叙述实验过程来告知读者实验结果。A、B两项是文章具体讲到的内容；D项在文章中没有体现。故答案选C。CWhen Andrew was born in Jiangsu, China, his father opened Panda Inn, a sitdown restaurant in Pasadena, California, serving family foods fast and hot.Andrews father had taught him to take on a new challenge only after mastering the previous one.It took ten years before Andrew felt he was ready to deal with the allAmerican challenge：the fastfood industry.The first Panda Express opened in a Southern California mall in 1983.As Pandas began to increase, Peggy, who has a PhD in electrical engineering, gave up her career to join the company fulltime, first as president, then as CEO.Today, Peggy and Andrew share the title of chairman.They are big fans of Stephen Coveys The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, a book they require all job applicants to read before their interview.“Success is a byproduct of our habits，” says Andrew.“Were very focused on learning how to do the right things well and completely so that what all of us do actually makes an impact.” Doing the right thing includes paying more than the minimum wage and part of health care for all 17,300 employees, including parttimers.Some warned that this would cause financial problems.But not for the Panda Express.“If youre too focused on the results and try to develop shortcuts, youre going to have to pay it back later somehow，” Andrew says.They take seriously the concept that to lead is to serve.It means helping employees improve their livelihood and, in the process, learn to live a fuller life.In the end, Andrew says, “They are better off financially, but theyre also smarter because theyre curious and learning.They take care of themselves physically, mentally, emotionally and spiritually.When all of us do these things well, theres a better chance that we will treat the customers better.”语篇解读：熊猫快餐自1983年在美国建立第一家店以来，发展迅速，成为美国知名快餐店。那么熊猫快餐的经营理念是什么呢？文章为我们作了详细介绍。9The writer mentions Peggy, who has a PhD, in order to show that Panda Express _.Aneeded support from AmericansBwas increasing very rapidlyCneeded wise leadersDattracted a lot of talented people解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As Pandas began to increase, Peggy, who has a PhD in electrical engineering, gave up her career to join the company fulltime .”可知，佩姬作为一名电子工程专业的博士，放弃了自己的事业，加入到这家公司，证明熊猫快餐对高素质人才来说非常有吸引力。故选D项。10We may infer from the passage that _.Afocus on doing the right things and the results will take care of themselvesBChinese food is becoming more and more popular in AmericaCPanda Express has never met with financial problemsDAndrew and Peggy are good examples of companies in the US.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“If youre too focused on the results and try to develop shortcuts, youre going to have to pay it back later somehow”可推知，做事不能太关注结果，如果坚持做正确的事情，结局自然会是理想的。故选A项。11Andrew and Peggy share the same idea that _.Athe habit of reading Stephen Coveys book leads to successBthey focus on the results and developing shortcutsCa good leader must be a good servant as wellDthe employees should help their customers improve their livelihood解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“They take seriously the concept that to lead is to serve.”及下文的内容可知，他们两个人的共同理念是领导者也是服务者。故选C项。12The passage is mainly about _.APanda Expresss success in fastfood industryBthe effect that Stephens book has on Panda ExpressCthe challenge of the fastfood industry in the US.DPanda Expresss philosophy of management解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了熊猫快餐的经营理念。故选D项。Passage 1Chinese people think a lot about food. In fact, I think that they are sometimes obsessed with it. My first experience of this aspect of Chinese culture came at a banquet during a trip to Beijing in 1998. I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could not have imagined how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be. The first six or seven dishes seemed to fill the table, with plates dangerously balanced one on top of another. I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served, and I started eating greedily. Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat. “They cant have very big appetites，” I thought.To my surprise, more dishes arrived, plus soups, side dishes, and desserts. There was enough to feed a whole army. No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come. But I was already so full that I could only watch as the banquet continued.Another aspect of “food culture” is that the Chinese seem to eat almost every part of every animal much to the horror of many westerners. Stomach, intestines, ears, tongue, tail, hoof, and lungs are all likely to end up on the dinner table in front of you. The first time I saw a threeyearold kid cheerfully chewing a chickens head I had bad dreams for weeks.These days I enjoy that sort of food myself. On a recent trip to the United States I suddenly felt like some Chinese delicacies, and asked the guy at the meat counter of a supermarket, “Do you have pigs ears？” “No，” he said, pulling at his own ear, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.However, there are other kinds of foods that have taken longer for me to accept. The infamous choudoufu is an example. (The name says it all: “stinky tofu”) Just when I got used to it, I found another variety on a trip to Hunan: deepfried choudoufu, a horrible black substance that looked and smelled about as appetising as a burnt tennis shoe. Maybe Ill get used to that, too someday.文章1中国人对饮食的想法颇多。事实上，我觉得他们有时候对此到了痴迷的程度。我第一次经历中国文化的这一方面是1998年在北京旅游时的一次宴会上。我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席那么丰富。首先上来的六七个菜似乎就已经占满了整个桌子，盘子都很危险地交互摞着。我想，这么多的食物就是所有要上的菜了，便开始大吃起来。但是其他的人只是对每个菜简单尝了几口，然后放下筷子继续谈话。我想：“他们可能胃口不好。”使我惊奇的是，更多的菜又被端上来了，另外还有汤、小菜及甜点。这些菜够一个军队的人吃了。怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有菜要上呢。但是我已经吃得太饱了，对于下面的菜只有看着的份了。(中国)“饮食文化”的另外一方面是中国人似乎会食用几乎所有动物的任一部位这令很多西方人深感恐怖。胃、肠子、耳朵、舌头、尾巴、蹄子以及肺部都可能在你面前的餐桌上被吃掉。我第一次看到一个3岁的小孩欢快地啃着一个鸡头时，我连续几周都做噩梦。现在我自己也喜欢上了那些食物。在最近一次到美国去旅行的时候，我突然想吃一些中国的美味，然后就问一家超市里卖肉的柜台前的一个小伙子：“有猪耳朵吗？”“没有，”他拽着自己的耳朵说道，“只有这些普通的耳朵。”他肯定以为我在开玩笑。然而，也有一些食物让我花了很长时间才能接受。“臭名昭著”的臭豆腐就是这样一个例子。(从名字上就可以看出来：“发臭的豆腐”。)就在我刚刚适应了它的味道时，我在到湖南的一次旅行中又发现了另外一种：油炸臭豆腐，令人恐怖的黑乎乎的一团，看起来、闻起来都像是一只烧焦了的网球鞋。或许有那么一天我也会习惯吃它的。Passage 2The first time I ate British food I was in the canteen of a London publisher. Some people just sat down on the sofa to eat. I was amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food. At the counter there were colourful mixtures in eight or nine big boxes. It was quite hard