比拟论文：比拟辞格的认知研究

比拟论文：比拟辞格的认知研究【中文摘要】本文综合前人的研究成果,试图借助认知科学的相关理论和方法,立足于修辞本体,从一个新的角度去研究比拟辞格,以期对比拟的生成机制、运行规律做出较为科学的说明和阐释。本研究坚持描写与解释相结合的原则,一定程度上改变了传统“一种现象+几个例子”的研究模式,使辞格研究更加深入,理论性更强。全文主体内容包括五部分：第一部分：简要概括现代汉语比拟辞格的确立过程,结合历时发展和横向研究两个方面,梳理介绍比拟辞格研究的历史与现状,并对其进行简单评论。在此基础之上,提出本文研究的新视角。第二部分：比拟辞格的定义。通过对比拟辞格传统定义的逐层考察,引入比拟辞格作为隐喻思维方式的认知新定义。第三部分：比拟辞格的类型。在回顾、总结比拟辞格以往的各种类型之后,提出以认知功能和表达意图为标准的分类方法,并对其进行较为新颖的阐释第四部分：比拟辞格的区别性特征。这部分既是本文的研究重点,也是本文的难点,更是本文的一个创新点。在简单分析比拟辞格的一般性特征的基础上,构拟了一个比拟辞格的认知框架。首先,对比拟与认知、与语言的关系进行了基本的介绍和论述,然后明确了比拟辞格建立的认知理据,并以此为出发点将比拟辞格置于隐喻理论的视野下,着力探讨了比拟辞格的生成机制,特别是从认知心理学角度对其进行了深入的分析,进而尝试为其建立一个全新的认知模型。第五部分：总结全文,展望并指明修辞学未来的发展方向及发展道路。【英文摘要】This article an integration of previous research results which studies comparison from a new perspective basing on the rhetorical ontology with the relating theories and methods of cognitive science, and is respected to explain and illuminate the formation mechanism and operation rules of comparison in a scientific way. This kind of research technique combining description and illustration breaks the tradition research mode of “phenomenon plus several examples”, demonstrates the figure of speech further, and makes it more theoreticalThe whole article includes five parts:The first part summarizes briefly the establishing process of comparison of modern Chinese, sorts through and introduces the history and current situation of comparison from the aspects of diachronic development and cross sectional studies, and makes brief comment on it. On this basis, new research perspective of this article is put forward.The second part is about the definition of comparison. By studying the traditional definition of comparison at different levels, the new cognitive definition of comparison as metaphorical thinking method is introduced.Part three analyzes the types of comparison. After reviewing and summarizing various types of comparison, it puts forward the classification method taking cognition function and illocution as standard, and interprets it from a new perspective.Part four discusses distinctive features of comparison which is the focus, the difficulty and an innovation point of this paper. On the basis of analyzing the general features briefly, this part constructs a cognitive frame of comparison. First, it introduces the relationship between comparison, cognition and language. Then, it makes clear the cognitive motivation of the establishing of comparison, and taking this as the starting point, this part focuses on the generation mechanism of comparison which is discussed from the perspective of metaphorical theory, particularly from the perspective of cognitive psychology, and tries to establish a new cognitive model for comparison.Part five is the conclusion. It predicts and points out the direction and the way of development of rhetoric in the future.【关键词】比拟 认知 研究【英文关键词】comparison cognition research【目录】比拟辞格的认知研究摘要6-7ABSTRACT7-81. 引言:比拟辞格的确立与研究历史9-141.1 比拟辞格的确立91.2 比拟辞格的研究历史9-142. 比拟辞格的定义14-182.1 比拟辞格的传统定义14-162.2 比拟辞格的认知定义16-183. 比拟辞格的类型18-243.1 比拟辞格的传统分类18-203.2 比拟辞格的认知分类20-244. 比拟辞格的区别性特征24-504.1 比拟辞格的一般性特征24-284.1.1 比拟的两个常项244.1.2 比拟的第三个项及语境依赖24-254.1.3 本体和拟体的特征及相互关系25-264.1.4 拟词的选择及其与本、拟体的搭配问题26-284.2 比拟辞格的认知框架28-504.2.1 比拟与认知语言28-324.2.1.1 关于比拟的”认知”解读28-304.2.1.2 比拟认知的主要工具:”语言”30-324.2.2 比拟建立的认知理据324.2.3 隐喻视野下比拟的生成机制32-394.2.3.1 比拟关涉两个认知域32-334.2.3.2 相似性:比拟赖以存在的基石33-374.2.3.