中考英语一模复习阅读完形辅导.ppt

1,Reading for Gist 2011.5,2,中考对阅读理解的考查：,1. 事实细节,3.判断推理题,4. 主旨大意题,2.词义推断题,3,事实细节,主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力，问题主要包括人（who）、物（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）、原因（cause）、结果（effect）、文中的数据等。,4,例题分析1 （07阅读A篇）,42. Before the woman plays Go, she was _. A. a computer game player B. a computer science teacher C. a computer engineer D. a computer store owner,5,词义推断题,猜测词义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。,6,技巧答题可分两大类：一类是通过上下文推测词义；另一类是根据生词本身的特点推测词义。,7,例题分析1：（07阅读B篇）,47. What does the underlined word “cracks“ mean in the text? A. 缝隙 B. 表面 C. 夹层 D. 底部,8,例题分析2：（09阅读B篇）,53. The underlined word “tide” in the passage means _. A. 洋流 B. 潮汐 C. 海啸 D. 波浪,9,判断推理题,这类题主要考查学生根据文章字面意思及语篇逻辑关系，从而看出细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等的能力。做这类题时，应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理和判断。,10,提问整篇文章或某段某句的含蓄意思时，问句中一般都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest（推断，暗指）等词。,考核考生对整个语篇进行推理分析的能力时，通常是以下列方式提出问题的： From Paragraph 4 we can infer that _. What can be inferred from the passage? We can infer from the text that ? What can we learn from ? We can conclude from the passage that _ . We can conclude that. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that _ . The author implies that _ . The writer suggests that. By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that _.,11,例题分析1：（10阅读A篇）,49. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that _. A. her mother was ill again B. the surgery was unsuccessful C. her mother was getting better D. the surgery was simple,12,例题分析1：（10阅读B篇）,54. It can be inferred from the text that_ A. a synthetic ball takes in water faster than a leather ball B. a leather ball is more difficult to make than a synthetic one C. a synthetic ball is more expensive than a leather ball D. a leather ball may increase its weight during a game,13,各类文章的主题通常只有一个。 中心思想是作者试图表达的最重要的观点。其它所有句子都是细节。所有细节构成并支持文章的中心思想。,主旨大意题,14,主旨大意题,其主要提问方式是有： 1) Which is the best title of the passage? 2) Which of the following is this passage about? 3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_. 4) The passage tells us that_. 5) This passage mainly talks about_.,15,在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题的位置情况有四种： 1、主题句在段首或篇首 2、主题句在段末或篇末 3、除了抓住文章的开头和结尾之外，还要抓住每段的主题句，对抓住文章的中心很有帮助。 4、无主题句,解题思路关键在于抓主题句,16,例题分析1 （08阅读A篇） 50Whats the best title for the passage? AA True Hero BA Busy Volunteer CA Famous Woman DA Sweet Dream,17,例题分析2：（08阅读B篇）,52The main idea of the passage is _ Ato let us know taking away rubbish is a big job Bto explain the need for rubbish collection Cto introduce different ways to treat rubbish Dto tell people to take useful things out of rubbish,18,Insects come in many sizes. Some are big and some are small. The smallest ones are so small that it takes one hundred of them to form one inch. The biggest insects are not big, but they are one thousand times as big as the smallest. They are about ten inches in length! 1、The paragraph is mainly about _. A. the smallest insects B. the biggest insects C. the size of insects D. the length of insects,Exercise1,Insects come in many sizes,1.主题句在段首或篇首,19,Fireworks safety starts before a firework is even sold. It begins with the producers, who need to follow strict rules in making their fireworks. That doesnt mean every firework is safe enough, though. 53. Whats the article mainly about? A. Danger of fireworks B. Trouble from fireworks C. Fireworks safety D. Fireworks protection,Exercise2,20,例题分析 If you buy some well-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes cost more money, but it does not mean that they are always better made, or they always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes. 本段前面列举了两件事实.最后一句话是对这两个事实的概括：有些价钱便宜的衣服比价钱贵的衣服更好看，更合身。段末这个句子就是主题句。,2.主题句在段末或篇末,21,Without the police，our streets would not be safe. Cars might go too fast and hurt people. Lost people might never be found. The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for a job well done. (The last paragraph) 4. The text is mainly talking about the _ of the police. A. life B. road C. job D. day,Exercise1,The police do a good job. We need them. And we should thank them for a job well done.,22,Later someone asked Jay, “ Why didnt you take the lottery ticket for yourself?” He said, “Although I dont have much money, I live happily; but if I lose honesty, I wont be happy forever.” (The last paragraph) The best title of the text could be “ _” A. A Poor Young Musician B. The Price of Love and Honesty C. A story of the Subway Station D. The Importance of Being Honest,Exercise2,“Although I dont have much money, I live happily; but if I lose honesty, I wont be happy forever.”,23,09中考C篇：例题分析 58. What is probably the best title for this passage? A. The Body-Brain Link B. The Causes of Stress C. The Advice on Health D. The Nervous System,3.除了抓住文章的开头和结尾之外，还要抓住每段的主题句，对抓住文章的中心很有帮助。,24,The first paragraph: Its 2009. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what youve been thinking about lately. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness. 首段的首句或最后一句是关键。,25,The last paragraph: The link (关联) between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. ,26,4、无主题句，需要归纳、概括,有时候文章中没有中心句。这时的中心思想是由每句话而支撑的。我们可以首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的，或者说是来说明一个问题的。这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。 例题分析1 Ella reads every day. She reads at breakfast. She reads in school. She would rather read than play!,(Ella likes to read.),27,例题分析2 Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey（蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees were a mistake. They didnt want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside. Scientists could not control（控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years.,28,Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting（叮) many more times than usual bees. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person. Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing but wait.,29,The best title of the passage is _. A. How to make more honey B. Killer bees C. A foolish scientist D. How to feed killer bees,这篇短文表面看起来没有主题句，那末怎样来确定它的中心意思呢？我们先找出每一段的大意：第一段讲的是“killer bees”的产生。 第二段讲的是“killer bees” 的急剧增加。 第三段讲的是人们害怕“killer bees”的原因。 第四段讲的是“killer bees”已经杀死的人数和将来的状况。 从这几段的大意可以看出这篇文章自始至终都是围绕“killer bees”这一中心展开的。换句话说，“killer bees”就是这篇文章的主题。,30,When you cough or sneeze, youd better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me”. If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass through first, then you can walk through. If the door opens by pushing, hold the door after you pass through. When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left hand side of the moving stairs. When we are going to enter a lift, the underground, or a doorway, we will wait for others to exit before we enter.,Exercise1,31,1.When you cough or sneeze,- turn your head away and cover your mouth 2.If you come to a door- hold the door 3.When we have to go up moving stairs- stand to the right 4.When we are going to enter a lift, the underground, or a doorway- wait for others to exit,32,54. The passage is mainly about_. A. the rules of behaviour in public B. the ways of communication C. the acts of kindness among people D. the knowledge of social life,33,Lets have a competition.,34,Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Animals B. Plants C. Food Chains D. Living Things,passage1,All living things on the earth need other living things to live.,All living things on the earth need other living things to live.,35,Many children who dont like to ask their own teachers for extra help can contact a special Web site. A student will often understand the work better and say, “Oh, thats what my teacher meant.” Q: The story tells mainly _. A. which cities have special Web sites B. how students can get homework help C. why students dont ask parents for help,passage2,In some cities students can use their home computers to ask a teacher for homework help.,In some cities students can use their home computers to ask a teacher for homework help.,36,Mushrooms dont grow on trees. If you see mushrooms stuck between the branches, you know they were put there. Most likely it was the work of a red squirrel. Red squirrels like mushrooms. They like to put them in trees. Then they have food to eat in the winter. Q: The story tells mainly A. why there are mushrooms in trees. B. why squirrels like mushrooms. C. where to grow mushrooms.,passage3,37,Did you know that just a small part of all the salt in the world is put into food to make the food taste better? There are hundreds of other uses for salt though. In the United States more salt is used for melting snow and ice on Roads than for any other purpose. Q: The story tells mainly _. A. about two uses of salt B. how to melt snow C. how to chop ice,passage4,38,Is web design all about computer programming? No, its about making something new. It must look good and be fun to use .A big part of web design is art .They choose the best pictures and colors to make the website look good. They also write the things that you see on the website. This passage is mainly about _. A .computer programming language B. the web designers work C. the web managers work D. the way to get onto the Internet,passag