V-ing形式可充当的成分.ppt

,非谓语动词之-动词ing形式,V-ing形式可充当的成分,V-ing形式的时态和语态,V-ing形式的否定形式,不定式,分析V-ing在以下句子中所充当的成分: 1.Learning is important to modern life. 2.The problem is puzzling. 3.I keep doing it in a different way. 4.The watch needs repairing. 5.The man being talked about is a stranger. 6.They come in, talking and laughing. 7.Having been shown around the lab, we were taken to the library. 8.Not knowing the road, they got lost.,V-ing形式可充当的成分,V-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、 和 的特征，因此，它可以在句子中作主语、 语、 语、 语、 语和状语。,形容词,副词,表,定,宾,补,V-ing形式的时态和语态,doing,being done,having done,having been done,V-ing形式的否定形式,Not + Doing Not reading in the sun is good to our eyes.,一、V-ing形式作主语,此时V-ing形式多表示一般或抽象的重复多次的行为。 Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火很危险 例: _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. For a walk D. Walk 思考：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别？ 精练:Its no good _ anything at such times. A. saying B. say C. being said D. to saying （想想有关形式主语it的用法） Its no good/ no use doing sth Its worthwhile doing sth. (做是值得的),二、V-ing形式作宾语,可分为两类 ： 1.在admit, avoid, consider(考虑), dislike, enjoy, escape, face, feel, like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, put off, cant help(禁不住), cant stand, look forward to等动词或词组之后只能用V-ing形式,不能用不定式作宾语。如: At the news, he couldnt help crying. 听到这个消息,他禁不住哭了起来。 精练: -I must apologize for _ ahead of time. -Thats all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know,2.在forget, like, mean, regret, remember, stop, try某些动词之后可接动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有所区别。如: I remember doing the exercise. 我记得做过此练习。 I must remember to do it. 我必须记着做这件事。 精练: -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done,三、作表语, 如: The news is inspiring. 这消息很令人鼓舞。 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 精练1: Her job is _ all the children. A. look after B. looking after C. looked after D. having looked after 精练2:The speech was very _ , and we were _ to tears. A. moved; moved B. moving; moving C. moving; moved D. moved; moving,四、V-ing形式作定语。 1. V-ing形式作前置定语,表示用途,即“用来做”;或表示状态,即“的”。 如： The reading-room is bright and large. I found a sleeping baby on the bed. 精练:Everybody says he is a _ boy. A. promised B. promising C. to promise D. promise,2. V-ing短语作后置定语,往往表示正在发生或与谓语动词同时发生的动作,其作用相当于一个定语从句。如: The man standing by the window ( = who is standing by the window) is our teacher. 那个站在窗户旁边的人是我们的老师。 The man breaking the law (= who broke the law ) was sentenced to death. 违反了法律的那个年轻人被判处死刑。,五、V-ing形式作状语,常见的可以分为以下几类: 1. 原因状语。如: Being a student, I must study hard. 精练:_ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not to receive B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Not receiving 析: receive与主句的主语he之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式,但主句中的again又暗示考生,分词的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前,因此应用现在分词的完成式。not一般置于分词之前.故答案为C。,2.作方式状语,表伴随情况。如: She stood by the window, watching people passing by her window. 她站在窗前,望着来来往往的人们。 精练:“Cant you read ?“ Mary said, _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,3. 时间状语。如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 当他看书的时候,不时地点着头。 精练: When _ the door, he found a cat in the room. A. open B. opening C. opened D. to open,4. 结果状语。如: The boy ran even faster, reaching the school out of breath. 那个男孩跑得更快了,到达学校时累得上气不接下气。 精练: European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,六、V-ing作宾补时通常在感官动词与使役动词之后,表示该动作正在发生。如: We are watching the teacher