江苏省高二英语动词的常用时态课件(共48张PPT).ppt

,Verb Tense,Success belongs to you!,Everyone is No. One,动词的常用时态,1.一般现在时,2.一般过去时,3.一般将来时,4. 现在进行时,5. 过去进行时,6. 现在完成时,7. 过去完成时,8. 现在完成进行时,通过例句体会不同时态的的含义差别： The teacher writes his own notes. （现在习续性动作） The teacher is writing his notes now. （暂时的还在进行的动作） The teacher has already written his notes. （现在已经完成的动作）,Xiao Wang comes late often. （现在经常性的动作） Xiao Wang is always coming late. （带有不满的色彩）,I read a book yesterday evening. （在过去时间的动作） I was reading a book yesterday evening. （过去时间未完成的持续动作） I have read the book. （现在已经读完那本书了）,She is always finding fault with others. (她总是挑剔别人的毛病。) He is constantly leaving things about. (他总是丢三拉四。) I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. (我正希望您能来和我们一起吃晚饭。（比如I hope语气更委婉） She has been saying that twenty times. (这话她已经说了20遍。 ),一、一般现在时： 构成： 1）、+be(am/is/are)+表语（状态/处所/年龄/职业等） 2)、(I/ We /You /They /Sbs)+v. 3)、 单数第三人称构成形式： He /She /It )+Vs /Ves.,用法; 、表示目前或现在存在的状态或特征. 、在时间或者条件状语从句中表示将来发生的动作 、 表示格言或警句 Pride goes before a fall. 4、表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如： begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。 The rain starts at nine in the morning. 。,6、在here, there 开头的句子里表示现在瞬间的动作。 Here comes the bus. 7、用于新闻标题、体育解说词、舞台指导、说明等 China declares manned spaceflight successful. 8、表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在时。 The story sound very interesting.,对一般现在时的考查 1.考查其基本概念：近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。 -Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend? - Terry? Never ! She _ tents and fresh air. A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates,对一般现在时的考查 2. Your composition beautifully. Is it the one I saw you write yesterday? is read B. was read C. reads D. read,2. (1)在时间状语从句，条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 He will have learned English for eight years by the time he from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate (2)表示客观事实或普遍的真理 Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _the Pacific, and we met no storm. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called,二、一般过去式 构成形式: ）、肯定形式： was /were+表语 Ved +. ）、否定形式： was/were not+ 表语 didnt+V. wasnt= was not werent= were not ）、疑问形式： Was/ were+S+表语? Did +S+V?,用法： 1）表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态 2）表示过去某一段时间内经常或习惯性发生的动作。 I used to smoke. During the vacation I would swim in the sea. 3)在状语从句中表示过去将来发生的动作。 4)表示过去发生的一连串动作，最后两动词之间用and连接。,表示过去习惯性动作时，可以用used to或would，但used to侧重于过去与现在的比较，指现在已不那样了；would注重过去习惯性发生的动作。,只用一般过去式的特殊句型 a.It is （high/about）time that sb. did sth. “早该了“ (虚拟语气) b.Sb would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示宁愿某人做某事。（虚拟语气） c.I wish I had a better memory. (虚拟语气) 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 d.情态动词 could, would。例如：Could you lend me your bike?,对一般过去时的考查 1.考查在没有明确的过去时间状语的句子中，语境往往表示过去，“刚刚，刚才”之意，暗示现在已不这样,注意：思维定式的干扰因素,He _ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played,- Your phone number again？I _ quite catch it.- Its 9568442. A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant,对一般过去时的考查 3. She teachers for help whenever she had problems in study. A. would ask B. was asking C. had asked D. will ask This is the first time I my first picture with my own hands. It is time that you a picture for me. A. took; will take B. took; took C. have taken; took D. will take; have taken,三、一般将来时; 构成形式： (I/We) shall +V. S+ will +V. S+(I /We) shant +V. shant = shall not S+ wont +V. wont + will not Shall +S(I /we) + V? Will + S + V?,用法 1.表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态（为模糊概念）。 注意： 1)will带有意愿色彩意味，在第二人称时，用来询问对方是否愿意或客气的命令。 2)shall用于第一、三人称时，用来征求对方意见或表示建议，相当于Lets?,结构二：be going to do(强调计划性或客观性) 结构三：be to do(表示职责命令,相当于 should/must;或表示“注定”) 结构四：be about to do(=be on the point of doing; 表示“即可,就要”,后面不能接时间状语) 结构五：be coming/going/starting/leaving/etc. (动词大多为瞬间动词) 结构六：如果强调动作“列入日程”,不会随便改变，经常用一般现在时态表示，这类动词大多为表“止”的动作， 如：come, go, leave, arrive, fly, open, close, end, stop等。,1.Because I _ the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening. A. was leaving B. will leave C. had left D. was about to leave 2.- Can I join your club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will hove got 3.You _ in your homework this afternoon. A. are to hand B. will hand C. are about to hand D. hand in,四、现在进行时 构成：S+ be (am /is /are) +Ving 用法： 1）表示此时此刻或现在正在进行的动作。 2）某些动词的进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。 同always, often等连用是表示赞扬、厌烦。 3）在状语从句中表示将来发生的动作。 He is writing a letter now Im hoping to hear from you. The boy is always talking in the class. When you are crossing the street, be careful.,对现在进行时的考查,1.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change 2.- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. - You _ something. A. have left B. are always leaving C. are leaving D. always left,对现在进行时的考查,3. John me to the opera tonight. He is to pick me up at my house at 5: 00 p. m. . A. takes B. has taken C. would take D. is taking,考点注意;下列这些词没有进行时态 1)感知或感觉的动词：hear, see, seem, smell, sound, look, feel等。 2)表示心理或情感的动词：like, love, hate, prefer, wish等。 3)表示状态存在的动词：be, exist, remain, stay, 等。 4)表示占有或存属关系动词：have, own, belong, contain等。 5)表示思考、理解等心理活动的动词：believe, doubt, forget, know, remember, understand,五、过去进行时; 构成；表示过去某一时间或某一段时间内正在S+ was /were+ Ving. 用法; 1)进行的动作。 2)描述故事发生的背景。 3)come, go, leave等动词的过去进行时表示过去将来。 I was doing my homework this time last night. The wind was blowing and it was raining. He said that the train was leaving the station.,对过去进行时的考查,1.在某特定的语境中的使用,Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done,2.表示说话前刚刚结束的动作,-Hey, look where you are going? -Oh, sorry. I _. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont notice,六、现在完成时 构成：S+ has /have+ pp. 用法：1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常于already, ever, never, just, yet, still等词连用。 2）表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态（常与延续性动词连用）。且常与for和since等表示一段时间的状语连用。即：for+一段时间或since+过去时间或从句。 3）在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来。,注意一 have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别： have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；可与once ,never,several times等连用 have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，不能加几次时间状语。 They have been to Beijing twice. He has gone to Beijing .,注意二 1.如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since一词，也不必用完成时。如： It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years. 2.终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如： I havent left here since 1997.,3.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用（如表示过去的时间状语） 如:yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非与for,since连用. 4.不能与when连用.,对现在完成时的考查,1.考查影响性和延续性用法,(1)When they went to the theatre, the play _for five minutes. A. had been on B. had begun C. has begun D. was on (2)In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make a profit. have run C. have been run C. had been run D. will run,对现在完成时的考查,考查影响性和延续性用法,3. Hey, who my iPhone? I put it here just now. I dont know. A. has taken B. takes C. was taking D. had taken,对现在完成时的考查,考查与现在完成进行时的区别,1.现在完成时强调完成，现在完成进行时强调持续性、未完成,I have written an article. I have been writing an article.,2.现在完成时强调事件的结果，现在完成进行时强调事件理由,-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. - I am tired. I _ the living room all day. Painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted,七、过去完成时; 构成： had+ pp. 用法：、表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已完 成的动作或存在的状态（过去的过去）。 2、表示过去某一时间开始延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态（用延续性动词）。 、表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算。 、常连用的时间状语有by the last /by the end of last,常用于下列句型中： 1）Hardly /No sooner/Scarcely(过去完成时)when /than（一般过去时）。 2）It /This /That was the time that(从句用过去完成时)。 3）It was +一段时间+since(从句用过去完成时)。,(1).Scarcely had he gone into the room when the phone_. A. rang B. had rung C. would ring D. ring (2)._ the school when the bell rang. A. I hardly had B. Hardly had I reached C. I hardly reached D. Hardly did I reach,对过去完成时态的考查,经常以“过去”为背景，要想表达比这一背景更早的动作，即“过去的过去”.,1.The hotel wasnt particularly good, but I _ in many worse hotels. A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D had stayed,2.The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. had known B. knew C. have known D. know,表示愿望、打算等的词，如hope, expect, mean , intend, want 等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望,- We _ that you would fix the TV set this week. - Im sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but Ive been too busy. A. had expected; had intended B. are expecting; had intended C. expect; intend D. expected; intend,_,八、过去将来时： 构成: 、S +would /should +V. 用法：1.)表示过去某一时间看将要发生的动作： 2.)would为情态动词时，可表示过去的习惯；现在客气的请求和愿望。 The old man would sit in the cocking chair. 3.)was/were going to do sth 也可以表示过去未曾实现的打算或意图等。例如; -You should have come to the meeting yesterday evening. -I was going to, but my mother suddenly fell ill and I had to send her to hospital. 4) 注意以下结构 was/were about to dowhen was/were on the point of doingwhen,特殊句式中的时态,1.在“ It /This/That + be +序数词+time +that 从句 ”的句型中，要注意主从句时态的一致。如果主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，从句谓语常用现在完成时；如果主句为一般过去时，从句谓语则常用过去完成时。e.g.： 1. I was lucky actually, because that _ the second time I _China that year . A.was; had visited B. was; visited C. is; have visited D. was; have visited 2. It is the first time that I _to the Great Wall. A. have been B. came C. had been D. come,2.在“ It + be + 一段时间 + since从句”的句型中, 如果主句为一般现在时，从句常用一般过去时；如果主句为一般过去时，从句则常用过去完成时。如： - What was the party like? - Wonderful. Its years since I _ myself so much. A. enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. was enjoying D. had been enjoyed,3.在“It+be+一段时间 + before从句”的句型中，如果主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时；如果主句为一般过去时，从句则常用一般过去时。如 1. It will be six years before we _ again. A. will meet B. meet C. met D. have met 2. It _ not long before he told us about the affair. A. will be B. is C. had been D. was,Remember: 根据语境，分析动作发生时间和动作特点。 牢记固定结构中时态用法。 掌握时态的特殊用法。,1.I _in London for many years，but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China. A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived 2.You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited 3. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide,4. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain. A. started; had already hid