2018_2019学年高中英语Unit13People单元质量检测（一）（含解析）北师大版必修5.docx

单元质量检测(一)(时间：100分钟满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。AI used to believe courtesy (礼貌) was a thing of the past. Very seldom have I seen a courteous human being in the age of Internet. Recently, I had to change my mind when I came face to face with just such a human being.I went to a coffee place, with two of my grownup daughters. The place was crowded and we had to climb a steep flight of stairs in order to find an empty table. After enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the stairs. Just as I was in the middle of my climbing down, a gentleman entered the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the staircase. As the stairs were steep and narrow, I was sure that I would be pushed roughly by the man who would want to go up in a hurry. My daughters were already down, looking up at me worriedly and hoping I would reach them before the stranger started up the stairs.Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I reached my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back thinking he was still at the door, deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place. I saw him going up the stairs, two at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt bad because we did not even thank the courteous gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up.We applauded his chivalry (谦恭有礼) for both, waiting for us to come down before going up himself and also holding the main entrance door open for us to go out. Such wellmannered people are hard to find in our advanced but aggressive society. Until today, I still remember this gentleman and pray more human beings would be like him.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者过去常常认为礼貌属于过去的时代，但最近作者从自己的亲身经历中看到了人们的这一美好品质。1What might the author think of others in the age of Internet?ABusy. BImpolite.CCourteous. DConsiderate.解析：选B观点态度题。根据文章第一段可知，作者认为礼貌只属于过去，言外之意就是认为现在的人都不是很有礼貌。2Why did the authors daughters worry about her according to Para.2?AThey had waited for the author for a long time.BThey wanted to find an empty table soon.CThey feared the author would be pushed.DThey saw the author fall down.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“As the stairs were steep and narrow, I was sure that I would be pushed . looking up at me worriedly”可知，楼梯又窄又陡，作者的两个女儿担心年轻人跑上去会碰倒正在下楼梯的作者。3Why did they feel bad after they left the coffee house？A.The service there was very terrible.BThe coffee house was too crowded.CThe author didnt greet the young man.DThe young man didnt get any appreciation.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段“felt bad because we did not even thank the courteous gentleman”可知，作者和她的两个女儿匆匆离开，竟然忘了谢谢那位有礼貌的年轻人，所以她们感到有点遗憾、有点抱歉。BThese teenagers are devoted to community service and are gaining a deep sense of satisfaction in that service. They are making a difference.Sana AhmedSana Ahmed described a cigarette pickup at North Hollywood Park. The event was organized by her schools American Cancer Society (ACS), which works to warn people of the dangers of smoking. The cigarette butts (烟蒂) were saved in a large container and used as a symbol in teaching others about the dangers of smoking among other cancercausing activities.Woojin CheonWoojin Cheon volunteers with the Salvation Army and its childcare center. He helps elementary and middle school students from lowincome families with their schoolwork. This work has also inspired Woojin to help raise money for students in financial need so they can buy necessary supplies and books.Sean GarciaSean Garcia belongs to an organization called IXIM. IXIM was started to create a community of Mayan refugees (难民). Mayan customs were controlled in Guatemala during the Spanish Conquest. Many Guatemalans ran to Los Angeles, including Seans family. Each year, IXIM holds a toy drive for children with the help of the local fire department.Rahul GoyalRahul Goyal volunteers at a nonprofit (非盈利的) organization called Caring Hand for Children. The organization provides education for those living in poor areas in India. One project is a cultural show that is held to raise money for this work every year. Rahuls part of the show is a dance whose theme is related to a particular period of Indian history. Last year, the event raised D|S150,000 to help over 1,600 children.语篇解读：本文是应用文。本文讲了四个年轻人，他们尽自己所能，让世界变得更美好。4What did Sana Ahmed do that for?ATo help clean North Hollywood Park.BTo advise people to give up smoking.CTo introduce cancercausing activities.DTo collect cigarettes with a large container.解析：选B细节理解题。由第二段“The cigarette butts (烟蒂) were saved in a large container and used as a symbol in teaching others about the dangers of smoking among other cancercausing activities”可知，Sana Ahmed捡烟头，然后把烟头放在一个容器里，来告诉人们吸烟的危害。5Why does Woojin Cheon raise money?ATo finance poor students.BTo help with his teaching work.CTo work with the Salvation Army.DTo offer volunteers what they really want.解析：选A细节理解题。由第三段“.to help raise money for students in financial need so they can buy necessary supplies and books”可知，Woojin Cheon筹钱是为了资助贫困学生。6How does Sean Garcia help people in need?ABy collecting toys for kids.BBy working for the fire department.CBy helping people go to Los Angeles.DBy providing shelter for homeless people.解析：选A细节理解题。由第四段“Each year, IXIM holds a toy drive for children with the help of the local fire department”可知， IXIM通过举办 toy drive给孩子们募集玩具。7Who offers local people a chance to learn their history？A.Sana Ahmed. BWoojin Cheon.CSean Garcia. DRahul Goyal.解析：选D细节理解题。由最后一段“Rahuls part of the show is a dance whose theme is related to a particular period of Indian history”可知，Rahul Goyal为当地人提供学习他们历史的机会。CCongratulations! Your child is in. For many years, college has been a sellers market. Everything your child has done in the application process is to convince selective colleges to admit her/him. But now, it is a buyers market as colleges struggle with each other to get your child to enroll (使入学). As the joy of earning admission gives way to the anxiety of figuring out how to pay for college, you can consider the following to reduce the cost of your childs college education.Colleges will send financial aid packages either with their admission offers or in the following days. Colleges classify loans (贷款) as “financial aid”. However, these loans are not exactly “financial aid”， as they will leave your family with debts of much more money. Your goal is to reduce the cost of your childs college education by changing these loans into scholarships or grants (补助金) that do not need to be repaid.The size of a scholarship your child has received is not set_in_stone. Colleges can match scholarships from colleges that are similar with respect to ranking and admission requirements to attract your child to entrance. Your child should adopt a hard bargaining position, schedule a call with her/his appointed admissions officer, and tell the admissions officer that she/he requires a larger scholarship that matches other scholarships she/he has received to enroll at that college. As an admitted student, your child has the right to negotiate.With the college education costing as much as D|S120,000 for a public university and over D|S280,000 for a private university, youre absolutely in need of help. If your childs financial aid package does not reflect your familys ability to pay for that college, call your childs financial aid officer, explain your familys financial situation, and ask for a reevaluation of grant award it has offered. The financial aid officer may require additional documentation for a reevaluation, but filling out these aid applications may result in additional grants.语篇解读：本文是说明文。怎样让大学生申请到最大额度的经济资助？这是所有家长和大学生都需要考虑的问题。8Why does the author say that it is a buyers market now？A.The government can help students pay for college.BThe students can get all kinds of loans in college.CThe colleges compete to enroll more students.DThe admission fees are low now.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，过去上大学是卖方市场，现在成了买方市场，学生成了主动方，所以大学通过提供多种形式的经济资助来吸引学生入学。9Why are loans not really “financial aid” according to Paragraph 2?AThey have to be paid back later.BThey arent provided by colleges.CThey need additional applications.DThey are accessible to few students.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段“as they will leave your family with debts of much more money”以及“Your goal is . that do not need to be repaid”可知，贷款终究需要归还，它会让你的家庭陷入债务之中，所以并不能真正称之为经济资助。10What does the underlined phrase “set in stone” probably mean in Paragraph 3?ADifficult. BTemporary.CInaccessible. DUnchangeable.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线处后面内容可知，奖学金的数额不是固定不变的，学生有权利和招生负责人进行谈判，来争取更大数额的奖学金。11What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?AAsking for needbased grants.BDetermining what a real aid is.CNegotiating with the appointed admissions officer.DChoosing a college according to the financial situation.解析：选A段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，上大学费用如此高昂，如果提供的经济资助不符合你家实际经济状况，你可以申请金融援助官重新评估补助金，以便获得额外补助。DWhile attending a meeting, I returned to my hotel room late one evening. The overhead light outside my door was burned out and I had difficulty finding the keyhole. When I managed to open the door, I felt around the wall for a light switch. I found a plate where a switch was once installed (安装), but there was no switch. Not discouraged easily, I remembered spotting a lamp by the bed when I deposited my luggage earlier in the day. I found the bed in the dark and felt around until I found the lamp, but when I switched it on, nothing happened! Now what?Though I knew that it was dark outside my window since the outdoor light was broken, I thought that perhaps if I opened the curtains, I might be able to use the light from the street to find another lamp. So I made my way slowly across the room to the curtains and . no drawstring! (Have you ever had days like that？)I still stumbled (跌跌撞撞地走) until I found a desk lamp that actually worked! That evening I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary light is.But even more necessary than physical light is the light that shines from people. That light the light of love illumines the dark side of the spirit, warms the heart and makes a difference for someone who today just may be stumbling in discouragement or sadness or fear and in need of some light.Whatever light you offer may be a beacon (灯塔) of hope and encouragement in someones darkness. And if you feel that your light is no more than a candle in a forest, remember that there isnt enough darkness in all the world to put out the light of one small candle.语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己在宾馆的经历告诉我们，光明对我们是如此重要，而世界上还有很多处于黑暗和孤独的人，他们需要我们用温暖明亮的心灵之光去照亮他们的人生。12Which word can best describe the author?ACalm. BCurious.CCasual. DCrazy.解析：选A推理判断题。分析前三段可知，作者在黑暗的房间中一直找不到灯，但他并没有灰心，而是继续摸索着寻找，并最终找到了灯，照亮了房间；由此可推知，他当时十分冷静。13Why does the author mention his experience in his hotel room?ATo describe a different life without light.BTo explain the great importance of light.CTo show his attitude towards challenges.DTo blame the hotel for poor management.解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段的“I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary light is”可知，作者由在黑暗房间里寻找灯的经历体会到：世界有时会很黑暗，而光是非常必要的。14What does the underlined word “illumines” in Paragraph 4 mean?AReflects. BAbsorbs.CCovers up. DLights up.解析：选D词义猜测题。由画线词的上下文可知，有些人处于黑暗中，需要我们用爱的光芒去“照亮”他们的人生。15What does the author suggest doing?ABeing sincere in your beliefs.BAppreciating others help.CLetting your light shine.DMaking use of lamps.解析：选C推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者的目的是号召我们用自己的心灵之光去照亮那些处于黑暗、孤独的人，故选C。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Extreme sports are appealing to more and more people. _16_ Meanwhile, a decline has been noted in other traditional outside activities, including basketball. This is most likely linked to several factors like the positive mental and physical health aspects of participating in an extreme sport._17_Extreme sports can push you to your physical and mental limits. Individuals who regularly undertake activities such as jumping out of an airplane actually change the chemical make up of their mind. When this happens, they become more able to stay calm and centered during stressful situations._18_Extreme sports task you with overcoming difficult physical challenges. _19_ Studies have found a strong link between extreme sports and a higher level of selfconfidence. This makes sense when you consider the fact that accomplishing a task so physically daunting (令人畏缩的) is something that you should feel proud of._20_Studies have even discovered that socialization is important for cognitive (认知的) functionality. This is another area where extreme sports receive high marks. Most of these activities are done with other people. For example, youre more likely to go skateboarding or jump out of a plane with a friend, which will help increase the bond between the two of you.AHumans are social creatures by nature.BIt is true that there are many advantages of extreme sports.CMost extreme sports help you have a good sense of balance.DWe all do certain movements during the day to strengthen muscles.EIn other words, extreme sports help you gain the ability to stay centered.FIf you can complete these challenges, your rewards will be much more than physical ones.GActually, activities such as mountain biking and snowboarding continue to attract more people every year.语篇解读：本文是说明文。极限运动因其好处多多越来越受到欢迎。16解析：选G本空起承上启下的作用。极限运动吸引越来越多的人，事实上，像山地自行车、滑板滑雪这类的运动每年都在吸引更多的人。但传统的户外运动包括篮球却受到了冷落。17解析：选B本空是本文的中心句。由下文容可知，文章主要介绍了极限运动的好处。18解析：选E本空前的“become . centered”与E项的“gain the ability to stay centered”相呼应，即极限运动帮助你获得集中注意力的能力。19解析：选F由本空前的“physical challenges”和下句的“a strong link between extreme sports and a higher level of selfconfidence”可知，此处是说极限运动需要你克服体能挑战，如果你能完成这些挑战，你的回报将不仅仅是体能方面的，这些挑战还能帮助你提高自信心。20解析：选A由本空后的“socialization”和“increase the bond between the two of you”可知，本段主要谈论极限运动对社交活动的积极作用，故由A项(人类是天生的社会性生物)引出本段的内容最为恰当。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 2016, 60yearold Marshall Reeves got on his bike in California. He began the Race Across America, a 3,000mile _21_ that runs from coast to coast.The _22_ was to reach Maryland in two weeks, which had _23_ him twice. But for his third _24_， Reeves had a new source of _25_. He was racing with 3,000 Miles to a Cure, which raises money for brain cancer research.“The Race Across America is similar to our fight against cancer. Its _26_ easy, but the only way to really fail is to _27_，” Reeves said.The race is one of the most _28_ events in the country. Only about half the competitors are able to finish. The race is continuous once the clock starts in California, it doesnt _29_ until Maryland.Racers are typically _30_ by a small crew in cars. Its a(n) _31_ game. So sometimes the crew would have to _32_ him and say the cutoff (截止时间) was in two hours _33_ it would actually be in six, things like that to get him _34_.In the early days of the race, when Reeves had _35_ to stop at a hotel, he would get a good nights sleep. But after three days, _36_ was a luxury (奢侈品) as he biked for more than 20 hours a day.After crossing the two points where his _37_ attempts had ended, Reeves entered _38_ areas. With just 25 miles left, Reeves struggled to stay_39_， taking quick naps (打盹) in the van. At last, he _40_ the finishing line in 12 days, 13 hours, and 52 minutes.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Marshall Reeves曾经三次参加横跨美国的自行车赛，前两次他失利了，但第三次他成功了。21A.direction BlevelCjourney Drecord解析：选C由本空前“He began the Race Across America, a 3,000mile”可知，横跨美国的自行车赛是一次三千英里的旅程。22A.goal BrangeCpotential Dadventure解析：选A“to reach Maryland in two weeks”即为比赛的目标。23A.attracted BdefeatedCwaved Dreminded解析：选B由最后一段“After crossing the two points where his _ attempts had ended”可知，Reeves以前参加过两次比赛，均以失败告终。24A.place BplanCdecision Dattempt解析：选D由上下文可知，这是他的第三次尝试。25A.advice BlifeCmotivation Dfinance解析：选C由“He was racing with 3,000 Miles to a Cure, which raises money for brain cancer research”可知，此次他参赛的目的是为脑癌研究筹集资金。这是他新的动力来源。26A.rather BneverCunfortunately Dactually解析：选B由“The Race Across America is similar to our fight against cancer”可知，Reeves认为这两者都不容易，但是唯一会失败的做法就是放弃。27A.set off Bkeep onCgive up Dtake risks解析：选C参见上题解析。28A.difficult BexcitingCimportant Dwonderful解析：选A由“Only about half the competitors are able to finish”可知，横跨美国的自行车赛是最艰难的比赛之一，只有一半的选手能完成比赛。29A.change BcountCsound Dstop解析：选D由“The race is continuous”可知，一旦比赛开始，计时器直到到达终点才会停止。30A.followed BprotectedCguaranteed Devaluated解析：选A根据语境可知，参赛选手后面都有工作人员的车辆跟随。31A.outdoor BmentalCphysical Dteam解析：选B由下文工作人员的做法可知，这种比赛是打心理战。32A.promise BpersuadeCsmile at Dlie to解析：选D由“the cutoff (截止时间) was in two hours _ it would actually be in six”可知，工作人员有时不得不对Reeves说谎。33A.thus BsinceCbut Dunless解析：选C本空前后之间是转折关系。34A.down BoutCthinking Dgoing解析：选D上文的做法是为了让Reeves继续坚持骑行。35A.luck BtimeCfeeling Denergy解析：选B由下文可知，当Reeves有时间时，他就能去酒店睡个好觉。36A.rest BbathCcourage Dfood解析：选A由“he biked for more than 20 hours a day”可知，三天之后，休息对Reeves来说成了一件奢侈的事。37A.quick BpreviousCexact Dsudden解析：选B由“two points”和“attempts had ended”可知，他经过了前两次参赛时失败的地方，进入了完全不熟悉的路段。38A.diverse BuniqueCunknown Dcentral解析：选C之后是Reeves没走过的路段，所以是陌生的。39A.awake BpanicCsteady Dcasual解析：选A由“taking quick naps (打盹) in the van”可知，当比赛剩下25英里时，Reeves必须努力保持清醒。40A.broke BsawCto