过去分词用作定语和表语.ppt

Grammar: The Past Participle used as Attribute and Predictive,过去分词用作定语和表语,Outline of grammar,1.定语,单个过去分词作定语 过去分词短语作定语,现在分词 不定式被动式,2.过去分词,做定语的区别,3. 表语,什么是表语,过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别,过去分词在句中的成分：,1. Chen wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China.,2. Leading to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.,Used as Attribute（定语）,Used as Predictive（表语）,1过去分词作定语 (Attribute),1. The injured man was taken to hospital.,=( who got injured),2. The speaker answered all the questions raised by the audience.,=( that were raised by the audience),在句中的位置:,单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的 名词或代词前面; 过去分词短语作定语，放在 所修饰的名词后面,功能上：,就相当与一个定语从句,.过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别：,an inspiring speech the inspired audience,令人鼓舞的演讲 受鼓舞的观众,语态上：现在分词表主动，常解释成“使人令人的” 及物动词过去分词表被动，常解释成“受感到的”,the falling leaves the fallen leaves,落叶（正在下落的） 落叶（已经落到地上的）,时态上：现在分词表示动作正在进行或是经常性的动作；过去分词表示已经完成的动作,The woman selling vegetables has gone.,不定式的被动态作定语：,A reporter begins by contacting the people to be interviewed.,=( who is to be interviewed),3. 过去分词作表语,The inner gate was locked. The lecture was so great that they were all excited.,The story is very interesting. What a surprising result!,主语的状态,主语的性质或特征,-ing作表语与-ed作表语的区别: 现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质/特征， 意为“ 令人怎样” exciting moving amusing frightening relaxing shocking terrifying tiring encouraging 过去分词作表语，说明主语所处的状态， 意为“ 对.或受到怎样” 有被动的意思 excited moved amused frightened relaxed shocked terrified tired encouraged,过去分词作其它成分：,1.He didnt notice his wallet stolen. 2.Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.,作宾语补足语 作状语,过去分词作宾补：,I was sleeping when I heard my name called.,1.feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感官动词后接过去分词作宾补，表示“感受到某人或某事被”,Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.,2. get, have, make, keep 等动词后接过去分词作宾补，表示“致使某人或某事被”,过去分词做宾补，表示被动或者已完成的含义，有时两者皆有分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,过去分词作状语：,Asked why he didnt do it