2018_2019学年高中英语Module6WarandPeaceSectionⅢGrammar—虚拟语气（Ⅱ）教案外研版.docx

Section Grammar虚拟语气（）语法初识原句感知自主探究I wish I knew the answer to the question.He wished that he had listened more carefully just now.I wish I could fly to the moon one day.Id rather you prepared the dinner now.The girl would rather she had paid for the book yesterday.The workers demanded that their wages(should) be increased.The teacher required that every student (should) have his own idea about the topic.He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.His advice is that we (should) read more good books to enrich our mind.It is important that students (should) attend all the lectures.1.由句可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况，用“would/could动词原形”表示与将来相反的情况。2句中，would rather后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。3句的名词性从句中，从句均采用虚拟语气，且从句的谓语动词为should动词原形，should可以省略。语法剖析语法点一虚拟语气用于名词性从句中1虚拟语气用于宾语从句中(1)动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气对现在进行虚拟：did (bewere)对过去进行虚拟：had done对将来进行虚拟：would/could动词原形I wish I were back home; I dont like this place.我要是回家就好了；我不喜欢这个地方。I wish I had never met him.但愿我从没遇见过他。I do wish it would be a fine day tomorrow.但愿明天是个晴天。(2)would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气。表示现在或将来的愿望：did(bewere)表示过去的愿望：had doneI would rather we had a rest now.我宁愿我们现在休息一下。John would rather Mary had not attended the party yesterday evening.约翰宁愿玛丽昨天晚上没有参加宴会。(3)表示建议、命令、要求、坚持等意义的动词，如suggest, advise, propose, order, demand, request, insist等后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可以省略。The organization demanded that the report (should) be made public.组织要求应该公开这份报告。Local police have ordered that all guns in the region (should) be registered.当地警察已经命令这一地区的枪支必须登记。They are advising that children (should) keep away from the river.他们正在建议孩子们要远离这条河。名师点津当suggest 表示“表明，暗示”，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚拟语气。The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.这个人坚持说他绝对没有偷钱。His puzzled expression suggested that he didnt understand the foreigners words.他迷惑的表情表明他不明白那个外国人的话。2虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句中(1)在suggestion, proposal, order, request, advice等表示建议、命令、坚持等意义的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，要用“(should)动词原形”的虚拟语气。Her advice is that we (should) leave at once.她的建议就是我们应该马上离开。I made a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.我建议我们下周举行一次会议。(2)在as if/though等引导的表语从句中有时可用虚拟语气(有时也可用陈述语气)。对现在进行虚拟：did对过去进行虚拟：had done对将来进行虚拟：would/could/should/might动词原形He looks as if he were an artist.他看起来真像个艺术家。It looks as if our team is going to win.看起来我们队要获胜了。名师点津在as if/though引导的方式状语从句中，也有这种用法。He spoke English as if he had studied it in England before.他英语说得宛如他以前在英国学过一样。She opened the mouth as if/though she would say something.她张开嘴好像要说什么。3虚拟语气用于主语从句中(1)在“it is important/necessary/essential/strange .that .”句型中，that 从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“(should)动词原形”。It is essential that these application forms (should) be sent back as early as possible.这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。Its strange that tourists (should) never visit this village.很奇怪，这些游客竟然没有参观过这个村子。(2)在“it is suggested/demanded/ordered/recommended/required .that从句”中，that从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。It is required that we (should) get everything ready this evening.要求我们今晚一切都准备就绪。It is advised that the meeting (should) be put off until next week.有人建议会议推迟到下周举行。(3)在“it is 名词that”引导的主语从句中，从句中谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。这类名词都是表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等的名词，如advice, desire, demand, idea, order, pity, proposal, recommendation, requirement, shame, suggestion, surprise, wonder等。It is my proposal that he (should) be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外进一步学习。集中演练111.单句语法填空Id rather you posted (post) the letter right away.His pale face suggested that he was (be) ill, and his parents suggested he (should)_have (have) a medical examination.How I wish I_had_attended (attend) your wedding anniversary held yesterday!The order came that the medical and food supplies (should)_be_sent_(send) to the floodstricken areas without delay.He is talking so much about France as if he had_been (be) there.It is necessary that the problem (should)_be_solved (solve) immediately.12.完成句子他要求把会议推迟到星期六。He requested that the meeting (should)_be_put_off to Saturday.我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。Id rather you_hadnt_told_him_the_news that day.真奇怪这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。It is strange that such things should_happen in our school.他说起话来好像去过好多国家似的。He talks as if he had_been_to many countries.语法点二虚拟语气用于It is (high/about) time that .句型和if only引导的感叹句中1在“It is (high/about) time that .”句型中，that从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语用一般过去时或“should动词原形”，should不可省略。It is high time that we took/should take some measures to solve the problem.确实到了我们采取措施解决问题的时候了。2在if only引导的感叹句中，谓语动词要采用虚拟语气，其谓语构成与wish后的宾语从句中的谓语相同。He failed in the exam again. If only he had worked harder!他考试又失败了。要是他更努力些就好了！If only the banks would lend money without limit!但愿银行能无限制地贷款。集中演练221.单句语法填空It is high time that we got/should_get (get) down to our business.If only I had_known (know) the answer that day!If only you would_listen (listen) to our advice.If only I had (have) more money, I could buy a car.22.完成句子你该教训一下他了。It is high time that you should_teach/taught_him_a_lesson.当时她要是知道去哪儿找你就好了！If only she had_known_where_to_find_you then!我要是能说几门外语就好了。If only I could_speak_several_foreign_languages.链接高考单句语法填空1(2015天津高考)I wish I had_been (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望上周二参加我妹妹的婚礼，但是那时我正好在纽约出差。wish后面跟从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。根据last Tuesday可知是与过去的事实相反，故谓语动词用过去完成时。2(2015陕西高考)Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I danced (dance) as well as her.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：艾琳是个了不起的舞蹈家。我多希望也能和她跳得一样好。wish后面跟从句时从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。分析句子可知此处谈论的是现在的情况，故谓语动词用一般过去时。3(2014重庆高考)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it?解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：是约翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。根据“It was John who broke the window.”可知，打破窗户已发生。as if从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。4(2014陕西高考)We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿女儿跟我们待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是个孩子了。would rather后的句子要用虚拟语气。如果是与现在或者将来的事实相反，用would rather sb. did；如果与过去的事实相反，用would rather sb. had done。此处应表示与现在事实相反，故用过去时。5(2013陕西高考)My mom suggests that we (should)_eat (eat) out for a change this weekend.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：妈妈建议我们这周末换换口味出去吃饭。suggest如果意为“建议”的话，后跟的从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用“(should)do”的形式。6(2013浙江高考)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (should)_be(be)at the age of six months old.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：眼科医生建议，孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在6个月大时进行。recommend“建议”，其宾语从句中用should do表虚拟语气，且should可以省略。针对演练.单句语法填空1I dont like to be cheated. I would rather you told (tell) me the truth.2He suggested that the work (should)_be_finished (finish) before next Friday.3It is strange that he should_have_solved (solve) the problem in that way.4Mrs. Lee wishes her husband came (come) back earlier from work. Hes late for dinner.5My advice is that you (should)_practice (practice) speaking English as often as possible.6He insists that doing morning exercises does (do) good to peoples health.7It is surprising that he_should_be (be) against me.8My desire is that we (should)_not_quarrel (not quarrel) over such things again.9We agreed to his suggestion that we (should)_go (go) to Beijing for sightseeing.10It is required that middle school students (should)_take (take) exercise for at least one hour every day.完成句子1一个有能力的工人必须按时完成他的工作。It is necessary that an efficient worker_(should)_accomplish_his_work on time.2中国政府要求他们派代表去参加这个会议。The Chinese government demanded they (should)_send representatives to attend the meeting.3学校建议学生在冬季多进行体育锻炼来预防流感。The school suggested that students (should)_take_more_exercises in winter to prevent flu.4他考试不及格表明他没有听老师的话。His failure in the exam suggested that he hadnt_followed the teachers instructions.5我倒希望我们今晚不去看电影。Id rather we_didnt_go_to_see_a_film this evening.6上尉命令他的军队立刻向敌军宣战。The captain gave the order that his troops (should)_dec