高二英语选修7Unit4.ppt

Grammar Revision of the Attributive,Step 1 定语从句的构成,两个简单句： A man is standing there. The man is my brother.,= 主从复合句： The man who is standing there is my brother.,先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词,一般是名词或代词,关系词：引导定语从句的词,Step 2. 关系词的种类,关系代词 关系副词,起着代词和连词的作用，在从句中充当 主语，宾语或表语,起着副词或介词短语和连词的作用， 在从句中充当状语,The man ( who is standing there) is my brother.,关系词的作用：代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分 把两个句子连起来构成一个复合句,Step 3. 关系代词,I have a sister. + She works in Shanghai.,= I have a sister _ works in Shanghai.,Translate: 他想要见的人在上海。,He wants to see the man. + The man is in Shanghai.,= The man _ he wants to see is in Shanghai.,Have you found the pen?+ You lost it yesterday.,= Have you found the pen _ you lost yesterday?,who/ that,who/ whom/ that,(that/ which),Do you know the girl? + Her mother works here.,= Do you know the girl _ mother works here?,I live in a room. + its window faces south.,= I live in a room _ window faces south.,whose,whose,= I live in a room the window of which faces south.,of which the window,Exercises Look at the lady _ name is Pochi. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which The girl _ could sing well went to Europe. A. who B. whose C. whom D. whom,Step 4. 关系副词,This is the house. + I was born in the house.（介词短语）,= I was born there（副词).,= This is the house_ I was born.,=_ which,注意区别： This is the house _ I was born in.,(which/ that),where,in,We will never forget the day. + we will hold the Olympic Games on that day.,= We will never forget the day _ we will hold the Olympic Games.,_ which,注意区别： I will never forget the day _ I spent with you last year.,(which / that),I dont know the reason why he left here.,= for which,when,on,判断关系词的步骤：,步骤一,辨别出先行词,步骤二,确定先行词在从句中所充当的成分,步骤三,查看有无特殊情况,注意：,1. Thank you for the book you gave it to me yesterday.,在定语从句中，关系代词已代替了前面的先行词， 所以在从句中不能在重复了。,what 不能用于定语从句中,2. Tell me anything what you know.,Tell me what you know.,that,tell sb. sth,3. 在介词 whom/ which 结构中，介词的选择 I will never forget the day _ which I reached the Great Wall. Tell me the time _ which the train leaves.,This is the hero _ whom we are proud. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. to that B. who C. from whom D. to whom,根据先行词来判断,根据从句中谓语动词的固定搭配来判断,on,at,of,turn to sb. for help,注：有些含介词的固定动词短语不可拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。(look for; look after),4. （名词、代词、数词、最高级）of whom/ which 结构中， 表所属关系，”当中的”,China has hundreds of islands, the largest of that is Taiwan.,which,There 54 students in our class, most of them are boys.,whom,5. 在非限制定语从句中，需注意以下几点：, that 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句, why 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句，应用for which e.g. I have told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting., 在非限制性的定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时， 只能用whom，不能用who替换，也不能省略 His wife, _ you met at my home, was a teacher. A. whom B. who C. that D. whose,在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面 的名词或代词，而是前面的整一句话。这种关系代词只有 两个: which, as,Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise. it B. that C. which D. he _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What,区别： a. which 只能放在句末， 而as 从句则还可以放在句首或句中。,b. 从意义上讲，which 意为“这一点, 而as 却可表示” 正如那样“， 有些as从句已成了固定句型, 如：,as we all know, as is known to all, as you say, as I can see, as is reported, as you may have heard ,6. 只用that 不用which 的情况,先行词是不定代词时 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词被the very, the only, the just 等修饰时 先行词前有who/which 等 先行词既有人又有物时,7、特殊情况 1、such as / such that 2、the same as / the same that ,8、当先行词为time 表示“次数”时，常用关系词that 或者去关系词，而不用when 来引导定语从句。 9、当point，situation ,case, position 等词作先行词表抽象的地点，其后常由where引导从句，where在定语从句中作地点状语。,This is the first / last time that I shall give you a lesson.,Can you think out a situation where this word can be used?,10、先行词为one of + n. 或 the only one of + n. 定语从句谓语动词的单复数不同。,（1）Is this school _ you study in? （2）Is this the school _ you study in? （3）Is this the school _ you study? （4）Is this school _ is a senior one? (5) Is this school _ you study? that/which B. where C. the one D. the one where E. the one that / which,（1）May 1 is the day _ we spent together. （2）May 1 is the day _I joined the army. A. that/ which B. when,E/C,A,B,E,A,B,D,comparison,（1）It was in this house _ he was born. （2）It was this house _ he was born. （3）It was in the house _ he used to live _ the exhibition was held A. where B. that C. which D. there,You should leave the toy where you can find. I still remember the bus stop where / at whi