定语从句考点及难点解析.ppt

,模拟训练 动动脑？ 1.The exam, _was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute. (广州一模) 2 Then I went to the department store_ I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. （广州一模） 3. It was a poem about me, _included the time （深圳一模） 4. At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students _came back to China after study. （茂名一模） 5. More and more Chinese students go abroad for study, _ is supported by the Chinese government. （茂名一模）,which,where,which,who,which,思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗？,1. 引导定语从句的关系代词没有what, whatever, however对吗？ 2. That 在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同？ 3. 定语从句和同位语从句的不同？ 4. 定从的难点在那里？,1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.that 和which 3.对the way 和where的考察 4.介词+关系代词 5.as的运用 6.综合考察,考点,难点,常考点和难点归纳,考点一: 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点： 1.先行词 2.关系词在从句中充当的成分,做主语，宾语，定语用,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ),主语 宾语 定语 宾语,5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( ),定语 介宾 宾语 状语,I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点2：that 与 which,以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。(something 除外） e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. *先行词被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修饰时也用that. eg: All the things that can be done has been done. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read. 3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly. 6. Who is the man that is talking to Jim?,which的用法,Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先 行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主 句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, _ _brought her heart into her mouth. 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.,which,which,Anyone _breaks the law is punished. Those _ break the law are punished. He _ breaks the law is punished.,在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”who” 代替 “that”.,补充：that 与who的区别,who,who,who,补充：定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty 2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job,is,am,填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.,that/ which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,考点3：the way用做先行词,1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,难点：一些特殊词之后的where,解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。,Translation: 1.Gragually we came to the point where we have different opinions. 2.He is now in a difficult situation where he is likely to lose his job. 3.They tried to set up a state of their own, where they would be treated equally. 4.I just want to get a job where I can be greatly valued.,Filling blanks:介词+whom/which e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person she could turn for help. 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,to whom,of which,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.,考点4：关系代词前介词的确定,3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词 + of + 关系代词”的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,5. Whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1. Do you like the book _she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book _ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _ she often talks?,on which,for which,from which,about which,练习: 介词+关系代词的使用,3. _ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office.,As,which,考点五:asthatwhich 1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.,as,that,归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。 as 与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected .,wherethat 1.This is the library_I borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.,where,that,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,难点三.综合考查,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,友情提示,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,1. We all have heard the news_ our team won. 2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.,that,that/which,that/which,考察三：非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,考察四(作文)：定语从句可缩略为短语： 1、 缩略为分词短语 例如： I know the men(who are )sitting in that . 2、缩略为形容词短语 例如： We said goodbye to Mrs. Long, (who was) still busy at her chores. 3缩略为名词短语,构成同位语 例如： You should have a talk with Mr. Worth , (who is )the adviser to students. 4缩略为介词短语 例如： The company wants men who have experience. The company wants men with experience. 5、缩略为动词不定式短词 例如： You need someone who can look after the baby. You need someone to look after the baby.,考点与难点归纳,1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.that 和which 3.对the way 和where的考察 4.介词+关系代词 5.as的运用 6.综合考察,考点,难点,Homework： 1. Make some sentences using The Attributive Clause. 2. Find out the difference between The Attributive Clause and The Adverbial Clause.,模拟训练 ：,1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. Is that factory which your father once worked in? 3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,_,(去掉),which,_,to,the one,Correct the sentences:,5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them. 6. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. 8. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correct the sentences:,9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. 10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy. 11. We heard the news which our team won the game. 12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,13. Those a