【AS澳大利亚标准】AS1418.3-1997Cranes,hoistsandwinchesPart3Bridge,gantry,portal(includingcontainercranes)andjibcranes.doc

as 1418.31997(incorporating amendment nos 1 and 2)licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.as 1418.3australian standardcranes, hoists and winchespart 3:bridge, gantry, portal (including container cranes) and jib cranesthe standard is downloaded from standard sharingthis australian standard was prepared by committee me-005, cranes. it was approved on behalf of the council of standards australia on 19 september 1997 and published on 5 december 1997.the following are represented on committee me-005: association of consulting engineers, australia australian chamber of commerce and industry australian elevator associationaustralian institute for non-destructive testingbureau of steel manufacturers of australiaconstruction and mining equipment association of australiacrane industry council of australialicensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.department for industrial affairs, s.a. department of labour new zealanddepartment of training and industrial relations, qldinstitution of engineers, australiametal trades industry association of australiastate chamber of commerceuniversity of new south wales victorian workcover authority work health authority, n.t.workcover, new south walesworkplace standards authority (tasmania) worksafe western australiakeeping standards up-to-datestandards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. to maintain their currency, all standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. between editions, amendments may be issued. standards may also be withdrawn. it is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the standard was purchased.detailed information about standards can be found by visiting the standards australia web site at .au and looking up the relevant standard in the on-line catalogue.alternatively, the printed catalogue provides information current at 1 january each year, and the monthly magazine, the australian standard, has a full listing of revisions and amendments published each month.we also welcome suggestions for improvement in our standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. contact us via email at .au, or write to the chief executive, standards australia international ltd, gpo box 5420, sydney, nsw2001.this standard was issued in draft form for comment as dr 96348.as 1418.31997(incorporating amendment nos 1 and 2)licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.australian standardcranes, hoists and winchespart 3:bridge, gantry, portal (including container cranes) and jib cranesoriginated as part of as cb21938. previous edition as 1418.31990. fifth edition 1997.reissued incorporating amendment no. 1 (september 1998). reissued incorporating amendment no. 2 (june 2002).copyright standards australia internationalall rights are reserved. no part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher.published by standards australia international ltdgpo box 5420, sydney, nsw 2001, australiaisbn 0 7337 1527 33as 1418.31997prefacethis edition of this standard was prepared by the joint standards australia/standardsnew zealand committee me/5, cranes, to supersede as 1418.31990.this standard is a result of consensus among representatives of the joint committee to produce it as an australian standard.this standard incorporates amendment no. 1 (sept. 1998) and no. 2 (june 2002). the changes required by the amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected.this edition incorporates the following changes:(a)the format has been revised in accordance with standard australias procedures.licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.(b)the content has been amended to allow for the new edition of as 1418.1, cranes (including hoists and winches) part 1: general requirements, published in 1994, and for iso developments.(c)an appendix has been added showing clearances required between the cranes and fixed elements.(d)the appendix on statutory approval has been removed in response to the changing role of regulatory organizations.(e)items specific to safe use issues have been removed. these will be included in a dedicated part of as 2550, safe use of cranes.(f)editorial changes.the standard is downloaded from standard sharingthe terms normative and informative have been used in this standard to define the application of the appendix to which they apply. a normative appendix is an integral part of a standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance.licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.contentspagesection 1 scope and general1.1scope. 51.2new design and innovations. 51.3application . 51.4referenced documents. 51.5definitions. 61.6safety . 6section 2 classification and load rating. 7section 3 structure3.1basis of design. 73.2slenderness ratios of bridge section . 73.3deflection . 73.4span to wheelbase ratio . 8section 4 stability . 8section 5 crane mechanisms5.1mechanisms . 95.2motion limits . 95.3hoisting unit . 105.4attachments for freight containers . 105.5multiple hoist/crab combinations . 115.6multiple crane combinations . 11section 6 access from fixed platforms6.1access to crane operating position . 126.2access for servicingservice platforms . 126.3access and servicing facilities . 13section 7 access from mobile platforms7.1general. 187.2use of mobile platform . 187.3access from mobile platform. 187.4access to crane driving position . 187.5access for servicing . 187.6access and servicing facilities . 197.7notices required when using mobile platforms. 19section 8 clearances8.1handrail clearances . 208.2clearance above crane or crab . 208.3clearance below unladen crane with power-driventravel or traverse motion. 208.4clearances between crane and platforms. 208.5clearance at or near a crane runway . 218.6clearance between moving parts of a crane and aplatform or walkway . 2143as 1418.31997.au standards australia8.7clearances between hoist unit and crane end carriagepageor runway . 21section 9 electrical access isolators9.1general. 229.2access isolators for access from fixed platforms . 229.3access isolators for access from mobile platforms . 229.4marking of access isolators . 23section 10 speed limitations for pendant-controlled cranes . 24section 11 marking and data to be supplied with crane11.1 marking on crane. 2511.2 marking on lifting means . 25licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.11.3 manuals. 26section 12 inspection and commissioning12.1 inspection . 2812.2 commissioning . 28section 13 guarding13.1 general. 3013.2 strength . 3013.3 material. 3013.4 fixed guards . 3013.5 removable guards. 3013.6 inspection points . 3013.7 marking . 3013.8 travel motion wheels . 3013.9 colour . 30appendicesainformation to be supplied with enquiry, order, or tender . 31blist of typical hazards . 36caccess and clearance requirements for fixed platforms . 38the standard is downloaded from standard sharinga1dtypical crane drive diagrams . 24licensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.standards australiaaustralian standardcranes, hoists and winchesa2part 3: bridge, gantry, portal (including container cranes) and jib craness e c t i o n1s c o p ea n dg e n e r a l1.1 scopethis standard sets out requirements for bridge, gantry, semi-gantry, and portal cranes defined in as 2549. it also covers container and heavy-duty cranes.it is complementary to as 1418.1, but the requirements given herein take precedence over corresponding requirements in that standard.notes:1guidance on information to be supplied with enquiry, order, or tender is given inappendix a.2additional requirement for heavy duty cranes are given in as 14 new design and innovationsthis standard does not preclude the use of materials, designs, methods of assembly, procedures and the like which do not comply with a specific requirement of the standard, or are not mentioned in it, but which can be shown to give equivalent or superior results to those specified.1.3 applicationcranes using fixed platforms for servicing shall comply with sections 1 to 6 and 8 to 13 inclusive. cranes using mobile platforms for servicing shall comply with sections 1 to 5 and 7 to 13 inclusive.note: throughout this standard the servicing implies routine servicing only (i.e. does not include crane breakdowns).1.4 referenced documentsthe following documents are referred to in this standard: as1000the international system of units (si) and its application1318use of colour for the marking of physical hazards and the identification of certain equipment in industry (known as the saa industrial safety colour code)1418saa crane code1418.1part 1:general requirements1418.10part 10:elevating work platforms1418.14part 14:cranes subject to arduous working duties1576saa metal scaffolding code1657saa code for fixed platforms, walkways, stairways, and laddersthe standard is downloaded from standard sharingas1892portable ladders1892.2part 2:timber2321short-link chain for lifting purposes (non-calibrated)2549cranesglossary of terms2550safe use of cranes2550.1part 1:general requirementsa22670evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration (all parts)3990mechanical equipmentsteelwork4024safeguarding of machinery4024.1part 1:general principlesas/nzlicensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.1891industrial fall-arrest systems and devices1891.1part 1:safety belts and harnesses3711freight containers3711.3part 3:corner fittingsiso12482cranescondition monitoring12482.1part 1:general1.5 definitionsfor the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in as 2549 and that below apply.1.5.1 container cranerail-mounted crane equipped with a spreader assembly for engaging and lifting freight containers.1.6 safetythe design of bridge, gantry and portal cranes in relation to materials, construction and equipment shall eliminate as far as practicable the potential hazards associated with all specified operating conditions.notes:1examples of potential hazards associated with bridge, gantry and portal cranes are given inappendix b.2general guidance on the safe use of cranes is given in as 2550.1..au standards australialicensed to patrick stevedores holding on 12 may 2003. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.s e c t i o n2c l a s s i f i c a t i o na n dl o a d r a t i n gthe classification and load rating of each crane shall comply with as 1418.1 for typical crane application classifications.s e c t i o n3s t r u c t u r e3.1 basis of designthe crane structure shall comply with as 14 slenderness ratios of bridge sectionthe slenderness ratio of the principal structural member, or members, of the crane bridge shall be not greater than 105 in vertical plane and 200 in horizontal plane.in calculation of slenderness ratio, the effective length for lateral buckling shall be determined in accordance with as 3990.3.3 deflection3.3.1 limitsthe limits of vertical static deflection and lateral deflection shall be as specified inas 1418.1.for semi-portal cranes, the vertical static deflection of the crane bridge of 1/500 span, as specified in as 1418.1, is acceptable only if precautions are taken for the kick-out of the leg.note: subject to the clients approval, the deflection for cranes greater than 30 m span may exceed the 60 mm requirement to a limit of l/500 providing due consideration is taken of the effects on the function of the crane.3.3.2 leg spread of gantry cranesthe design shall be such that the load shall not induce binding of wheel flanges on the rails.3.3.3 natural frequencythe natur