广东历年语法填空真题.ppt

,第一部分 语言知识及应用,.2014高考广东卷 Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 16._ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went, we had planned for months.When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 17._(early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.,it,earlier,We 18._(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19._ for the week after.I didnt understand 20._ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21._ the reservation.Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out.She was 22._(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23._top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.,were told,but,why,for,surprisingly,the,The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24._we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 25._(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.,where,sunburnt,解题导语 本文是讲我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，这真是个意外的意外。 16解析：在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。 17解析：在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，可考虑用比较级；由时态had made，可知是“早在六个月前”就订好了。 18解析：由句意或tell sb.sth.这一句型结构可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。,19解析：这是考虑not.but.结构，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为下一个星期订的”。 20解析：意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。 21解析：因charge.for.是习惯搭配。 22解析：因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。 23解析：特指“在顶楼”。 24解析：先行词是地点the beach且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (on whichand on the beachand there)。 25解析：在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词。,.2013高考广东卷 One day，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he 16._ (find) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much 17._ too little.” His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less，18._ not save a bit of money？” “That would be a very 19._ (reason) thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.,found,nor,why,reasonable,Nicks guests,20._ had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 21._ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22._ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.” “But such a small thing couldnt 23._ (possible) destroy a village.” “In the beginning，there was only 24._ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always 25._ (think) that it was only small and not very important,and look where we have ended up today.”,who,at,for,possibly,a,thinking,16解析：考查动词的过去式。根据上下文的时态不难得出答案。 17.解析：考查连词搭配 neither.nor.表示既不也不 18解析：考查连词 。“why not do sth.为什么不做某事”，可以看作固定搭配使用。 19解析：考查形容词。其结构形式为a/an形容词单数名词。 20解析：考查定语从句的连词。先行词是Nicks guests，who在从句中作主语。,21解析：考查介词。是固定搭配，“at a lower price”是“以较低的价格”的意思。 22解析：考查介词。“show respect for sth.”是“对尊重”的意思。 23解析：考查副词，修饰动词destroy。 24解析：考查冠词。a small amount of sth.是固定搭配。 25解析：考查非谓语动词， ving形式表伴随。,.2012高考广东卷 Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day,16._ (wear) sun glasses.He walked in as if he 17._(buy) the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt 18._ (please)，because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her，it was probably the fact that she sat in 19._ last row.,wearing,had bought,pleased,the,20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wrong.It might have made it a little 21._ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around,but that didnt stop the kids in the class.Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary,22._ made her feel like a star.,If,harder,which,“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?”the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.“Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.”The new boy looked at the teacher 23._ a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24._ the boy would do.Then he took 25._ off,gave a big smile and said,“Thats cool.”,for,what,them,16解析：因已有谓语动词appeared，动词wear前又没有并列连词，即wear不是并列谓语，它应是非谓语动词作状语，表示伴随情况；又因he与wear是主动关系，故用现在分词。 17解析：在主格人称代词he后，显然是作谓语；又因他不可能买下了这个学校，故应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，故填had bought。 18解析：在系动词felt后作表语,用形容词,表示“高兴的”。 19解析：特指最后的那一排，或在序数词前，用定冠词。,20解析：因he thought.与he was wrong是两个句子，且两者之间没有关联词，必定是填关联词；根据两句之间的逻辑关系，应填表示条件的If。意为“要是他想坐后排可以逃避老师注意，那他就错了”。 21解析：作宾补依然是要用形容词,所以不作词类转换,可考虑比较级；句中a little修饰比较级harder,表示“更难一点”。 22解析：引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子。,23解析:表示某个动词或状态延续了多久,用“for时间段”。 24解析：引导宾语从句并在从句中作do的宾语，故用连接 代词。 25解析：代替前面的those glasses，作took off的宾语，用人称代词的宾格。,.2011高考广东卷 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment 16._ (late) that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17._ the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back，and then I noticed a man 18._ (sit) at the front.He 19._ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 20._ (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to 21._ he was trying to talk，but after some minutes 22._ walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.,later,until,sitting,was pretending,mentally,whom,they,I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 23._ his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had 24._ amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice.It made 25._ of us feel good.,on,an,both,解题导语 本文是一篇记叙文，内容是关于“我”在公交车上遇见一位看起来精神有些不太正常的人的故事。当时尽管车上人不多，但没有一位乘客愿意和他搭话，最终为了不使这个人感到不适，“我”主动去和他交谈。,16解析：考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知此处时间状语意思是：当天晚些时候，用late的比较级。 17解析：考查状语从句。根据句意可以猜测出其意思是：直到，用until。 18解析：考查非谓语动词。作感官动词notice的宾语补足语，与notice的动作同时进行，用v.ing形式。 19解析：考查动词时态。所填词表示当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 20解析：考查副词。修饰形容词，应用副词。 21解析：考查定语从句。先行词是people，关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语，用whom。,22解析：考查代词。作句子主语，指代前文中的 other people，故用人称代词的主格they。 23解析：考查介词。此处所填词与ones own构成搭配，作状语，用on。 24解析：考查冠词。此处所填词构成短语have a/an.conversation，意思是：和交谈，因为amazing以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。 25解析：考查不定代词。根据句意可知本句中的us指我和那位乘客，是两个人，故此处用both。,.2010高考广东卷 A young man，while traveling through a desert，came across a spring of clear water.16._ water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 17._ had been his teacher.After a fourday journey，the young man 18._ (present) the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink，smiled 19._ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home 20._ a happy heart.,The,who,presented,warmly,with,After the student left，the teacher let 21._ student taste the water.He spit it out,22._ (say) it was awful.Apparently，it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher，“Sir，the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like 23._？” The teacher replied，“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be 24._(sweet)” We understand this lesson best 25._ we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace，the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.,another,saying,it,sweeter,when,16解析：考查冠词。由上文 a spring of clear water 第一次提到water，下文再次提到water 是特指。 17解析：考查定语从句。who引导定语从句修饰elder且作从句的主语。 18解析：考查谓语动词时态。本题缺少谓语，由整篇文章知道时态为过去时。 19解析：考查副词的使用。修饰动词smile应用副词。 20解析：考查介词。本处缺介词，构成介词短语，并且表伴随状态。 21解析：考查代词。由student单数可知前面应指一个人，由下文“He asked his teacher”可知是另一个学生。,22解析：考查非谓语动词。整句汇总已有谓语动词spit，故此处应填非谓语动词，又表伴随状态，用v.ing形式。 23解析：考查代词。由上文“the water was awful”可知，是问为什么假装喜欢水，水为不可数名词，由代词it代替。 24解析：考查形容词比较级。用nothing 与an act of kindness and love 相对比。 25解析：考查从句的连词。由when引导状语从句。,20102014广东高考语法填空体裁、题材一览表,20102014年广东高考语法填空考点分析 1近5年，语法填空主要考查的是记叙文，主要题材涉及日常生活经历等。 210个空主要分为纯空格和有提示词两种。其中纯空格题只考代词、冠词、关联词和介词而且仅为一个词；而给词填空的空格中主要考查名词、动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词等，而且这类词需要根据文章逻辑，进行时态，语态，词类等变化。 3基本上每个语法点都会涉及到1到2个题，很少超过3题，所以做正规语法填空试题的时候某一个语法点的考查不太会超过3个。,4考点规律:1)动词是必考点,一定会考查谓语和非谓语动词; 2)冠词、代词、介词、词性转换是必考点； 3)连接词中，定语从句连接词考频最高； 4)形容词比较级是高频考点。 5备考建议：2015年高考对此题型的考查方向不会有太大变化。各位考生在进行语法填空题型的备考时，除了平时打好自己的语法基础外，也应该多了解历年的此种题型考查的知识点的分布，弄清楚哪些知识点会考，哪些不会考，哪些题型不会重复考等等。另外，多做练习，熟悉题型的考点分布规律和考查特征，也有助于提高分数。,一、英语的基本结构就是5种基本句型和There be句型构成的，如下： 1Subject(主语)Verb(谓语) 2Subject(主语)Link.V(系动词)Predicate(表语) 3Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Object(宾语) 4Subject(主语)Verb(谓语)Indirect object(间接宾语)Direct object(直接宾语),二、解题图示 认真研究下面图示，有助于提高考生在做题时的敏感度和做题效率。,“语法填空”考查的主要内容是句子结构、句子成分之间的一致性和句子与篇章在结构和意义两个层面上的制约性。语言结构的分析能力是本题考查的重点，在做题时应该遵循“先总后分”的原则。 1通读全文，把握大意。 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。,反向出题，逆向思维。尝试改换角色，自己出题，体验思考角度，提高解题的敏锐度。 语法填空训练之反向训练法：高考出题人往往是将一篇相对完整的短文加以改造，而且比较均匀地考察各个语法项目，所以考生也可以将一篇语法填空在将它的答案全部回填之后站在出题人的角度试着出题，这样有利于提高考生对于语法项目的敏感度，也有利于加强对语法项目的深入理解。 请将下面短文设计为语法填空，考察项目为10个。依照历年高考题考点表，看谁出题最贴近高考题。,(2014广州二模)How can we know that the birds we see in the South in the winter are the same ones that come north in the spring? Once John JAudubon, a bird lover, wondered about this.Every year he watched a pair of little phoebes nesting in the same place.He decided to put tiny silver bands(箍) on their legs.The next spring, the birds with the bands came back in the very same place.The phoebe, it was learned, spent winter where it was warm enough to find food.Today there are hundreds of birdbanders all over America.,The government of the US.has a special birdbanding department which makes all the birdbands.The bands do not hurt the birds, as they are made of aluminium and are very light.Each band has a special number.On each band are these words: “Inform Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington DC.” Anyone who finds a dead bird with a band on its legs is asked to send the band to Washington with a note telling where the bird was found.In this way naturalists add to their knowledge of the habits and needs of birds.,可能会出现的出题和相应的答案如下： How can we know that the birds we see in the South in the winter are the same ones that come north in the spring? Once John JAudubon, a bird 1._(love), wondered about this.Every year he 2._(watch) a pair of little phoebes 3._(nest) in the same place.He decided 4._(put) tiny silver bands(箍) on 5._ legs.The next spring, the birds 6._ the bands came back in 7._ very same place.The phoebe, it was 8._(learn), 9._ (spend) winter 10._ it was warm enough 11._ (find) food.Today there are hundreds of birdbanders all over America.,lover,watched,nesting,to put,their,with,the,learned,spent,where/wherever,to find,The government of the US.has a special birdbanding department 12._ makes all the birdbands.The bands do not hurt the birds, 13._ they are made 14._ aluminium and are very light.Each band has 15._ special number.16._ each band are these words: “Inform Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington，D.C.” 17._who finds a dead bird 18._a band on its legs 19._(ask) to send the band to Washington with a note 20._(tell) 21._the bird was found.22._ this way naturalists add 23._ 24._ knowledge of the habits and needs of birds.,which/that,because/as/for,of,a,On,Anyone,with,is asked,telling,where,In,to,their,一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 (一)代词和限定词(冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词) 1(2014高考广东卷)Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 16._ was a wonderful holiday destination. 解析：said后从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。,it,2(2014广州调研)However ，his fame was not accompanied by money and he found_ necessary to return to farming. 解析：充当形式宾语，指代to return to farming. 3(2014肇庆期末)In fact ，micro blog _ is of little harm. 解析：作为micro blog的同位语。 4(2012高考广东卷)Then he took 25._ off，gave a big smile and said，“Thats cool.” 解析：代替前面的those glasses，作took off的宾语，用人称代词的宾格them。,it,itself,them,5(2013茂名二模)Then I realized I didnt even know her name.I asked all of my professors but _ knew her name. 解析：因为but后面的并列句缺少主语，只有代词可以充当，逻辑说明是没有人知道，所以只有选不定代词nobody。 6(2013佛山一模)Ma knows _ the dogs names，and when she calls ones name，the dog instantly knows she is referring to it. 解析：从后文when she calls ones name，the dog instantly knows she is referring to it.可以得知Ma 知道所有狗的名字。 7(2014茂名二模)The second she got to him he folded her in_ powerful arms and gave her a huge hug. 解析：指代主语he。他把她搂在怀里。,nobody,all,his,8. (2014茂名一模)In the early years of 1980s.my childhood dream came true.And then，_dream became clearer and clearer in my mind.I must try my best to escape out of my poor and backward hometown. 解析：儿时梦想已经成真。离开贫穷的家乡是“另外”一个梦想。 9. (2014佛山一模)They tested kite gliders both with and without _ pilot. 解析：此处是泛指，pilot是单数可数名词。,another,a,10(2014高考广东卷)Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out.She was surprisingly helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23._top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra. 解析：特指“在顶楼”。,the,11(2013高考天津卷)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _ described in this magazine. 解析：此时介词to 缺少一个宾语，后面的described in this magazine是过去分词作后置定语，那此处应填一个代词，又因为前有a few machines 是复数，所以用复数形式的代词作宾语。 12(2012广州二模) An increase in employment opportunities for women would increase _ household power, the report said. 解析：此处代指womens , 作定语修饰household power。,those,their,(二)介词 名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。 1(2014高考广东卷)I didnt understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21._ the reservation. 解析：因charge.for.是习惯搭配。 2.(2013高考广东卷) The only reason a man would sell salt _ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. 解析：此处的主谓结构式为The only reason would be.a man would sell salt.作为定语从句修饰reason，所以介词加上 a lower price 作为状语。根据固定搭配得出 at。,for,at,3(2013高考广东卷)And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22._ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it. 解析：“show respect for sth.”是“对尊重”的意思。 4(2012高考广东卷)The new boy looked at the teacher 23._ a few seconds. 解析：a few seconds前是空格，且a few seconds不作主语或表语，也不作动词的宾语。表示某个动词或状态延续了多久，用“for时间段”。,for,for,5(2014茂名二模)My lovely trip down memory lane was interrupted when I heard the car_ me sound its horn. 解析：“表示在后面”，在判断此处为介词加me作为后置定语来修饰the car时，汽车按响了喇叭这个逻辑确定了车应该是在我的后面。 6(2014广州调研)In 1783 he started composing poetry _a traditional style using the Aryshire dialect of Scots. 解析：从句式分析得出此处应该是介词加名词作状语，in a style 表示“以某种方式”的意思。 7(2014惠州三模) When climbed up the table, there were a large piece of bread ，fruit and cheese_it. 解析：食物都应放在桌面上。,behind,in,on,(三)连词 若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词，如果是从属连词，要确定是哪种从句，广东高考语法填空常考的有状语从句和定语从句，其次是名词性从句。 1(2014高考广东卷)The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24._we watched some people play volleyball. 解析：先行词是地点the beach且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (on whichand on the beachand there)。,where,2(2013高考广东卷)Nicks guests,20._ had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. 解析：考查定语从句的连词。先行词是Nicks guests，who在从句中作主语。 3(2012高考广东卷)20._ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wrong. 解析：因为he thought.与he was wrong是两个句子，且两者间无关联词，必填关联词；据两句间逻辑关系，应填表假设的“如果”。 4(2014广州一模) There they met people from other parts of the country，_ had also volunteered to help. 解析：此处是非限制性定语从句，who 代指前面的people。,who,If,who,5(2014江门一模) But she never forgot other children of the mountains _ parents couldnt afford to send them to school. 解析：此句的先行词是children，跟后文的parents 构成了所属关系，故应填关系代词whose。 6(2014揭阳一模)However，when I had to go back_ I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself. 解析：后面是两个主谓成分完整的句子，故判断此处为连词，逻辑关系为因果关系。 7(2014肇庆期末)It is your attitude towards it _matters. 解析：此句是强调句,“正是你对待它的态度，才是重要的”。,whose,because,that,二、有提示词的解题技巧 (一)若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和语气。 (二) 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.ing形式、v.ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有： (1)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。 (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 (3)作主语或宾语，通常用v.ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。,二、有提示词的解题技巧 (一)若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和语气。 (二) 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用v.ing形式、v.ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有： (1)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。 (2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。 (3)作主语或宾语，通常用v.ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。,(三)若所缺词作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语或在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，用名词形式。 (1)提示词是形容词，且位于句首、句末、动词前后、形容词前后或副词前后，应考虑填入副词。 (2)提示词如果是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。 (3)提示词为动词或名词，空格处作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。,1(2014高考广东卷)We 18._(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 解析：由句意或tell sb.sth.这一句型结构可知，是“我们被