名词性从句考点引导词that与whatthat与whetherif与.ppt

名词性从句,名词性从句考点 1、引导词 that 与 what；that 与 whether； if 与 whether；what 与 how等的区别； 2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题； 3、名词性从句的语气问题； 4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。,Related Conception (相关概念),1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is li Ming.,主语,表语,Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句 ( The Subject Clause),宾语从句 ( The Object Clause),表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause),请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath. The news that they won the game spread the whole school. I dont think he is an honest boy. The fact is that he stole the car. Do you know the fact that he stole the car? Do you know the man who is standing over there? It is said that they won the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),宾语从句,如何区分宾语从句？,They know the teacher. 主语 谓语 宾语 They know the teacher is a man . 主语 谓语 宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句。,We wonder how we shall do . Could you tell me where they are? We believe that they have finished their task, havnt we ? 4. I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,宾语从句的注意事项（一）,句子类型,that(有时可省略),陈述句,一般疑问句,If/whether,特殊疑问词,特殊疑问句,宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略： 、当that宾语从句中间有插入词语,that不可省 He judged that ,because he was a child, he did not understand what he had said. 当that 从句有并列从句时，that不能省； Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.,当多个that从句作并列宾语时,前面从句的that可省可不省,但最后一个that不可以省 He knows (that) his English teacher is from England and that she has two children. 当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如： The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do,注意事项（二）,从句时态,主句时态,现在时/将来时,相应任何时态,过去时,相应过去任何时态,宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如： The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.,名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如： He asked me where we should meet.,1）在 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess 等动词后的否定前移问题； 2）在 hope, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, think, expect, tell, say, fear 以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事)。,注意事项（三）,6.关于doubt,肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that. sb. doubts if/whether sb. doesnt doubt that . There is no doubt that . There is no doubt that he will win the game.,practice,practise,单项选择 1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food. A.where B what C how D that 2.Could you tell me _? A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ? C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ? 3 The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun. A moved B moves C move D moving 4.Could you tell me _? A if he would come tomorrow B will he come tomorrow C whether he will come tomorrow D If he comes tomorrow 4.I did nt know that Mr. Smith _yet. Has returned B has returned C had returned D returned,B,B,C,C,C,1.We wonder how we shall do next. 2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic? 3. We believe that they have finished their task, dont we ? 4.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition. 5.Mr li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.,what,havent they,didnt,they are,as if,表语从句,用做表语的从句叫表语从句,位置： 一般放在系动词be, 后.,The problem is that we have little money. That is what he wants us to do. That is where she got her masters degree.,表语从句的连接词( 四大类),that 引导的表语从句, 本身无意义, 但不能 省略. 2. whether 引导的表语从句意为: “是否”. 不能 用 if 替代. what , which ,who, whom, whose可在表语 从句中充当“ 主语, 宾语,定语, 有自己的词义. 4. where ,when, why, how 在表语从句中可充当时间, 地点,方式,原因状语.,The mothers question was that she has no time to look after her daughter. 2.The question is whether that boy will turn up in time. 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be . 4.That is where I cant agree with you.,无义,是否,.的样子,的地方,特殊用法:,1.because 引导的表语从句.的结构. 2.as if / as though引导的表语从句常 在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , be , become 后面.,My anger is because you havnt finish your homework.,It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henrry.,1.Please tell me you will go to the leacture tomorrow. 2. It all depends on the sky will clear up. 3. The question is the film is well worth seeing. 4. He will be well tomorrow I am not sure. 5. it is true remains a problem.,关联词比较,whether / if,whether / if,whether,whether,whether,whether,引导宾语从句时可互换. 位于介词后要用whether. 位于句首时要用whether. 引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时, 要用 whether.,whether和if的用法,whether 可用于介词之后. It all depends on whether they will come back whether可用于不定式之前 I have not decided whether to go or not. 后面直接跟or not 时用whether。 I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan,主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句句首中只能用whether，宾语从句中则两者都可Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而if不能。If表示“如果”时，不能用whether。 Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time. If I have enough time, I will play football.,1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done. 3. he was able to come made us happy. 4. This is makes us interested. 5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.,what / that,(that),what,(That),what,(that),what= the thing that,who / whoever,1.The competition is coming. will attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 2. I be