实用上课Readinglanguagepoints.ppt

Reading,Unit 3,Back to the past,Language Items,Phrases: 赢得在的位置 被誉为 参加一个讲座 占领、接管 倾斜、喷涌而出 被活埋 造成很大的破坏 置于政府的保护之中 垫脚石 装饰有 证明是、原来 没能做 毁坏、垮掉,14. 逼真的轮廓 15. 停靠站、歇脚点 16. 楼兰王国的遗迹 17. 被埋于杀下的 18. 包括、和一起 19. 砍到 20. 导致这座城市被沙尘埋葬,1.similarity,similar : be similar to 与.相似 the same as/that be different from ,1) 猫和老虎的相似性。 the similarity of a cat to a tiger 2) Mary 和Rose 在很多方面很像。 Mary is similar to Rose in many ways. 3) 这两只猫长的很像但不一样。 The two cats are similar but not the same.,Although _ in appearance, the two plants have some basic differences. The song _ the one I heard yesterday. A second study produced _ results.,similar,is similar to,similar,2.bury v 埋葬，安葬；失去（亲人）；把（某物）埋于地下；覆盖，遮盖；掩藏（感 情，错误等）；使陷入，把.插入（某物）,e.g. Their ambitions were finally dead and buried. 他的雄心壮志最后死去并被埋葬了。 Shes 85 and has buried three husbands. 她85岁了，三度丧夫。 The dog had buried its bone in the garden. 那只狗把骨头埋在花园里。 She had learnt to bury her feelings. 她已学会了隐藏感情。,burial n 埋藏,bury oneself in the country 隐居乡间 bury oneself in ones books 埋头读书 bury oneself in ones studies 专心致力于研究,be buried in. 陷入.，埋头于 为系表结构，不表被动，在句中常以过去分词作定语或状语的形式出现,be buried in thought 沉思 be buried in memories of the past 满怀往事,3. arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 arrange sth for sth 为.安排,e.g. I have arrange for him to do the housework. 我已经安排他去做家务。 I arranged housework for him. 我为他准备家务。,4.win a place 赢得一席之地，赢得资格,place (c)n （修课程参加活动等的）机会，名额,get / win / gain a place 获得机会 lose a place 失去机会,e.g. She has won a place in the Olympic Games. 她已获得奥运会的机会/名额。,5. be doing 现在进行时表将来，表示预期按计划将要发生的动作/动 作将要进行。在英语表达中描述已经安排好，按计划要发生的事情时， 表示位置移动的动词，可用进行时表示将来。,动词常为come, go, leave, take, fly 等表示位移的动词。,e.g. He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天要动身去上海。,be doing, be to do, be about to, be going to 一般进行时表将来,不与任何时间状语连用,6. be known as 作为.而出名，被认为是， 被称为，大家公认,+表示主语身份，名称的词,e.g. TaoZe is known as a singer. 陶喆作为一名歌手而出名。,be known for. 因为 而出名,+使主语成名，闻名的原因,e.g. Switzerland is known for its watches. 瑞士因钟表而出名。,7.found vt 兴建 创建（通常用被动语态）,这家报纸创办于1909年。,The newspaper was founded in 1909.,这座庙兴建于公元798年。,The temple was founded in 798AD.,be founded on 建立在的基础上,良好的关系必须建立在信任的基础上。,A good relationship has to be founded on trust.,8.take over 接管，接收，接任 (take sth. over from sb.);占领,e.g. 他希望他父亲退休时，由他接管生意。 He expects to take over the business when his father retires. 比较： He expects that his father will hand over the business to him. 他希望父亲能把企业传给他掌管。,take 相关短语,take off take down take in take on take up take after,脱下；起飞；成功；出名 记下；取下 接纳；吸收；欺骗；诱骗；理解 从事；雇佣；呈现 占据；从事 相像,take in take after take on take off take up take down take back,China has _a new look since its reform. His career has _since he got the first gold medal. If you refuse to _what you said, I will never forgive you. After retirement my grandfather _photography as a hobby. In looks she _her father. The students _what the teacher said in class. Dont be _by his promises for he never realizes them.,taken on,taken off,take back,took up,takes after,took down,taken in,9.pour Vi 不断流出，不停冒出 Vt 灌，注，倒,pour out (of) 从不断流出，大量流出，从.喷射出来 倾诉，尽情地诉说,pour into 大量流入,e.g. Blood poured out of the wound. 伤口大量流血。 The stream poured into the river. 这条溪流大量流入那条河。,黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚而出。 Thick black smoke was pouring out from the roof. 大雨倾盆而下。 The rain is pouring down. 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。 It never rains but it pours. （指事情不发生则已，一旦发生便接踵而来。）,习惯用语：pour in pour out pour cold water on pour oil on the flame,涌入，倒进,倾泻出来，将某物表达出来,对泼冷水,火上浇油,10.surrounding adj 周围的，环绕的,surroundings N 周围的事物，环境 surround Vt 包围；环绕；被.围住，围住,e.g. My house is surrounded with trees. 我家四周为树木所环绕。,surroundings专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼。 environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境对人的感受， 道德观念的影响 着眼。我们说，美丽的surroundings， 幸福的enviroment,11.be buried alive 被活埋,作主语的补语,bury sb alive活埋某人,alive living live,alive有生命的，还出着气的，活的；只能作表语，后置定语或补足语， 不作前置定语。即可指人，也可指物，常和living互换。 e.g. stay alive活下去,living 活的，健在的，现行的；即可作定语，也可作表语，即可用于人， 又可用于物。 e.g. living languages 现用的语言 living things 生物 the living 活着的人 作主语时，谓语用复数,live活的，有生命的 只作定语，只用于物,a live/ living fish 一条活鱼,e.g. Who is the greatest man alive? = Who is the greatest living man? 谁是当今健在的最伟大的人。,He was alive when they took him to the hospital. 他们把他送到医院的时候，他还活着（指有气息）。,His grandfather is still living at the age of 98. 他爷爷98岁高龄依然健在。,12.so was the city,so : meaning is positive,neither/ nor: meaning is negative,I felt excited, _ did the others. I didnt feel excited, _ did the others.,so,neither/ nor,Ive never been to London, my parents.,我从没去过伦敦，我的父母也是。,neither/ nor have,13. as it was 2,000years ago. just as they had been.,as引导状语从句，表示按照，依照, 正如的意思。 You look great as you are. When at Rome, do as the Romans do. Leave it as it is.,14. with+ O.+ Oc.,1.With so many trees around, our school ,2.With so much homework to do ,3.With everything finished ,4. With the old man showing the way ,5. With a book in his hand ,Complete the following sentences:,15. turn out 结果是；证明是；最后情况是；到场，出席；制造，培养；关（灯）等,turn out to be 我们努力学习来准备即将到来的考试做准备，结果考试很简单。 We worked hard to prepare for the coming exam, but it turned out to be rather easy.,It turns out that 原来她是我姐姐的一位朋友。 It turned out that she was a friend of my sister.,16. flee (fled , fled) vt. /vi. 逃跑，逃避，迅速离开 e.g. 敌军乱哄哄地逃跑了。 The enemy fled in disorder. 警察到的时候，犯人已经从监狱逃走了。 The prisoner had already fled (from) the prison when the police arrived.,注意与escape 的区别： flee指仓促逃走，通常带有紧急意味，侧重“逃”的动作本身；escape 除表示逃跑外，还能表示逃避惩罚、麻烦或不幸等事。 如：(1)罪犯们一个也没有逃脱惩罚。 None of the criminals escaped punishment. (2) He narrowly escaped death. 他险些送命了。,17. imagine v 想象,+n. 在一个非常热的天气里试着想想沙漠。 Try to imagine the desert on a very hot day.,+ clause 她想象不出在那之后会发生什么。 She could not imagine what would happen after that.,+ doing 试着想想在月球上。 Try to imagine being on the moon.,sb. to be 想象你自己在他的位置上。 Imagine yourself (to be) in his place.,1.Can you imagine life without water? 2.Can you imagine _ without water? 3.Jack always imagines that he is a successful lawyer. 4.Jack always imagines himself _ a successful lawyer.,living,to be,18.It is believed/ said/ reported that sb/ sth 据信/说/报道 =People believe that sb/ sth =Sb/ Sth is believe to do sth 未发生 have done sth 已发生,e.g. It is said that he studied in America. = He is said to have studied in America. 据说他在美国学习。,19.be covered over by. 上覆盖,e.g. The city was covered over by sandstorms.,be covered with 覆盖着 指状态 be covered by . 被所覆盖 指动作,e.g. The ground was covered with snow. 地面覆盖着雪。 The ground was covered by snow. 地面被雪覆盖。,cover over 遮没；盖住. cover against 为.进行保险 cover up 完全盖住，盖好，掩盖，掩饰,20. remains n. 剩余物 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。 She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. n.“遗址”和“遗体” 考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。 The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture. 他的遗体被安放在教堂。 His remains were buried in the church. 应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物)，riches（财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）,vi. 遗留、继续存在 e.g.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。 Few villages remained after the flood. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。 After the fire, very little remained of the temple. remain 为系动词+nadjdoingprep phrases e.g. 20年后，他们仍然是最好的朋友。 After 20 years, they remained best friends. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。 The place remains warm all winter. 考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。 He remained sitting in the classroom after the exam.,也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。 remain +to be done it remains to be seen +clause e.g. 还有很多事要做。 Much remains to be done. 该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。 It remains to be seen whether the decision is right or not.,21. together with: including, as well as, along with 又，还，连同一起，.一块儿,e.g. 200个书包和5000本书被捐给了希望工程。 200 school bags, together with 5000 books, were donated to Project Hope.,我们买了水果和一些蔬菜。 We bought fruits, together with some vegetables.,老师和他的学生们要去博物馆。 The teacher, together with his students, is going to the museum.,就前原则,22.destroy (destroyed, destroyed) v. 破坏 注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别： destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。 ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性；也可用于引申意义， 特指抽象意义中珍贵美好的事物。如 ruin ones future, ruin ones career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)。 damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果，但仍可修复。可用作名词，常用词组do/cause damage to。,(1)大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。 The building was completely destroyed by the fire. (2)修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。 The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident. (3)地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。 The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. (4)雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了 It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday.,23.ruin vt 毁坏 毁灭 搞砸 使破产,e.g.如果你碰到这些花，你就会彻底毁了他们。,You will completely ruin the flowers if you touch them。,一桩丑闻(scandal)彻底毁了这家公司。,It was a scandal that totally ruined the company .,N . 毁坏 破坏 in ruins,e.g.上个月他的生意破产了。,Last month saw his business was in ruins., The building was completely by the fire. The repairman tried to repair the car which was in an accident. The earthquake did a lot of to the city. It rained for 3 days, which my holiday.,检测导练 (10分钟),一、单词拼写。(B级) 1. The time bomb e_, but fortunately nobody was injured. 2. This city was believed to have been g_ covered by sandstorm. 3. Mount Vesuvius hasnt e_ for many years. 4. The earthquake left the whole town in r_. 5. They d_ the room with flowers and balloons.,6. I was f_ to catch todays last train to Shanghai at the last minute. 7. It is generally accepted that the Chinese c_ is one of the oldest in the world. 8. They went to a local research _ （机构，研究所）for some information 9. U_ ,they lost their game again, and this made their coach angry. 10. The terrible fire d_ most of the buildings within 20 minutes.,二、单项选择。（C级） ( )1. When the policemen came, they found the driver dead and the car_ seriously Adestroy Bdestruction Cdestroying Ddestroyed ( ) 2.The boy said he would buy his mother a present with the_ on Mothers Day. A. 12 dollars remained B. 12 dollars to remain C. remained 12 dollars D. remaining 12 dollars,( )3.The eruption had the_ of buildings_ under the ash and lava Aremaining；bury Bremaining；burying Cremai