《实用大学英语4》U2.pptVIP

实用大学英语,Practical College English,Unit Three,Section A Listening and Speaking 学习中元音、摩擦音、强读和弱读以及失去爆破 和不完全爆破 掌握掌握 Giving Thanks and Expressing Regrets 的相关表达 Section B Reading 阅读两篇有关Politics的文章 Section C Trying Your Hand 了解冠词的用法了解冠词的用法 学习平行结构,Highlights,Section A Listening and Speaking,A . 中元音/ / 摩擦音 / / /s/ /z/ / / 中元音/ / / 的发音要领： 舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起，嘴唇向两侧伸开，成扁平状，但比/i/开口大。 /的发音要领： 舌身平放，舌中部比 / 稍低，比 / 开口大。 摩擦音 / / /s/ /z/ / / / /的发音要领： 舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间的窄缝泄出，摩擦成音。 /是清辅音，声带不振动； /是浊辅音，声带振动。,Part One Pronunciation,/s/ /z/的发音要领： 舌端靠近齿龈（不要贴住），气流由舌端、齿龈之间泻出，摩擦成音。 /是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。 / /的发音要领： 双唇稍向前突出，略呈方形，舌尖和舌端上抬至上齿龈后部，整个舌身抬起靠近上腭，形成一条狭窄的通道，气流由此通过，摩擦成音。 /是清辅音，声带不振动； / 是浊辅音，声带振动。,B.强读和弱读 失去爆破和不完全爆破 强读和弱读 定义：当一个单词被单独读出，或在连贯性句子中被特别强调时，该单词用强读式；而弱读即元音音素的弱化，指一个单词中的元音音素，在口语中由于说话时语速快或在句子中处于次要位置而不被强调等原因，不能发出完全而标准的读音，却变为强度较弱的其他元音的现象。如of在句中就常弱读为/ 。 失去爆破和不完全爆破 失去爆破定义:两个爆破音相邻时，对于前一个爆破音，只做发音的姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音，这种现象叫做失去爆破。 不完全爆破定义:当一个爆破音后紧跟着一个摩擦音、破擦音、鼻辅音或舌边音时，对于前一个爆破音，做好发音的姿势，刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个摩擦音、破擦音、鼻辅音或舌边音上去，第一个爆破音发出的声音是非常轻微的，有时甚至听不出来，这种现象叫做不完全爆破。,不完全爆破有以下几种情况: 1.爆破音破擦音 /t/ , /d/ , /tr/, /dr/ , /ts/ ,/dz/ 2.爆破音摩擦音 3.爆破音鼻音 4.爆破音舌边音,Exercises,. Listen to the disk and underline the words that you hear. . Listen to the disk and read the following sentences, paying attention to the weak form. . Listen to the disk and read the following words and phrases, paying attention to the loss of plosive and incomplete plosive., upstairs 在楼上，向楼上 appreciate 感激 My hands are full at the moment.我现在腾不出手。 disturb 打扰 It was very stupid of me. I should have knocked before I came in. 我真粗鲁，进来竟没有敲门。,Part Two Imitate and Memorize,Dialogue 1 . Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). . Listen to the dialogue again and fill in the blanks with the information youve heard. . Role Play,Part Three Dialogues,Dialogue 2 . Listen to the dialogue and complete the following statements with the information youve heard. . Listen to the dialogue again and answer the following questions.,Part Four Passgages,Passage 1 Now youll hear a passage. Listen to it and complete the following sentences according to the information youve heard with the words and phrases provided in the box. Then listen to it again and check your answers.,Passage 2 . Now youll hear a passage, which is followed by four questions. Listen to it and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. Then listen to it again and check your answers. . Discuss with your partners about the differences of expressing thanks between Chinese and Americans.,道歉的礼仪和技巧 道歉应当恰当 (with proper expressions) 道歉应当及时 (without delay) 道歉应当大方 (in a natural manner),Part Five Manners Bar,Section B Reading,Pre-class Work: Two-minute Presentation read the text by yourself before class try to answer the questions below with the given expressions organize your ideas into a short passage give a two-minute presentation in class Questions: 1. Whats your dream? 2. Do you dream of becoming president? 3. Why do you want to be president? 4. What qualities do you think are needed to be president? 5. What qualities should you have to make it possible? Useful Expressions: dream of 梦想, I believe that我相信,kind-hearted 热心的, persistent 坚持不懈的, world peace 世界和平, Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。,Text A,A Little Girls Dream Background Tips 美国总统选举 美国宪法规定,竞选(run for )美国总统的申请人(applicant 必须是出生在美国，年满35岁并在美国居住14年以上的公民(citizen )。美国的总统选举每4年举行一次，但并不是由选民直接选举(direct election )，而是由美国宪法所规定的机制选举团(electoral college)的成员来选举。其大致程序为:宣布候选人身份、党内初选、党内提名、大选（普选 a general election）、选举人选举(electoral election )和宣誓就职(swear in )。,Structure,Para.1-2It tells us why the little girl wants to be president. . Para. 3-4In the little girls opinion, a person must have two important qualities to be a president. Para. 5The little girl believes her dream will finally come true.,New Words Phrases and Expressions,Notes: My parents are just there to encourage me but it is I who do the real work. 其中,it is I who do the real work为强调句型，被强调部分为主语I, who是引导词。,Exercises,Task 1 Trying to Remember It Fill in the blanks without referring to the original text. Then check your answers. After that, read the passage aloud until you can say it from memory. Task 2 Reading Comprehension . Decide whether the following statements show self-discipline (S) or flexibility (F). . Explain the following sentences.,Task 3 Vocabulary & Structure . Crossword . Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given below（Please notice that not every one will be used）. . Rewrite the following sentences by using“ as as”. Task 4 Translation . Complete the following sentences. . Translate the following sentences into Chinese.,Americans Keep Faith in Their Country About the Theme 作为一名美国人,对待国家最重要的态度便是忠诚。正如文中所言:在美国历史上的三个困难时期,即使美国民众有很多不满,但对国家仍充满信心和信任。美国人最主要的精神便是忠诚和牺牲。 New Words Phrases and Expressions Proper Nouns,Text B,Exercises,. Read the text and fill in the blanks with proper words or phrases. . Discuss the following questions with your partners.,Section C Trying Your Hand,限定词（一）：冠词 一、不定冠词a和an的基本用法 1.表示人或事物的某一种类，以区别于其他种类 2.表示“一”这个数量概念，但不着重强调这个数目 3.表示“某个”、“任何一个”或“每一个”的意思 4.用于构成固定搭配的词组或成语,Part One Grammar,二、定冠词the的基本用法 1. 表示说话人和听话人都知道的人或事 2. 表示前面已经提到的人或事物 3. 表示世上独一无二的事物 4. 表示某个或某些特定的人或事物 5. 和可数名词单数连用，表示一类人或事物 6. 与名词复数连用，指整个群体；与表姓氏的名词复数连用，表示一家人,7.在序数词、形容词的最高级和表示方位的名词前加定冠词 8.某些河流、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前和一些由普通名词构成的专有名词前 9.在某些形容词前加定冠词，使形容词名词化，代表某一类人 10.用在乐器名称前 11.用在习惯用语中,三、零冠词的基本用法 1. 泛指的不可数名词或表示一般概念的复数名词前不加冠词 2. 人名、地名、头衔、职务、称谓名词前一般不加冠词 3. 球类名词前通常不加冠词 4. 名词前有this, that, our, your, some, any, no, every 等代词